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UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND
BALTIMORE

Volume XXIX

^ OCTOBER. 1 9S3

Number 1

Index to Contents— Page 205

Published Monthly by the
MARYLAND PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
Subscription Price $2.00 the Year

650 W. Lombard St. e JOSEPH COHEN, Editor # Baltimore 1, Md.

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Average dose; 50 mg, three or four times a day.

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The M ARYLAND PHARMACIST

Oct., 1953

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TLe M

PHaarmacist

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE

MARYLAND PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION

JOSEPH COHEN, Editor

Office of Publication: 650 W. Lombard Street, Baltimore-1, Md.

Entered as second class matter December 10, 1925, at the Postoffice
at Baltimore, Maryland, under Act of March 3, 1879.

VOLUME XXIX OCTOBER, 1953

No. 1

OFFICERS OF THE

MARYLAND PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
1953-1954

President — Otto W. Muehlhause, Baltimore
First Vice-President — Lester R. Martin, Cumberland
Second Vice-President — Hyman Davidov, Baltimore
Third Vice-President — Frank Macek, Baltimore
Executive Secretary and Editor — Joseph Cohen
Secretary Emeritus — Melville Strasburger
Treasurer — John F. Wannenwetsch
Honorary President — Dr. L. M. Kantner

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

Manuel B. Wagner, Chairman, Baltimore
Walter E. Albrecht, Linthicum Heights
F'rank Block, Baltimore
William J. Connor, Centerville
Carleton W. Hanks, Cumberland
Gordon A. Mouat, Baltimore
Samuel I. Raichlen, Baltimore
Simon Solomon, Baltimore
Dr. Noel E. Foss, Ex-Officio
Dr. L. M. Kantner, Ex-Officio

OTTO W. MUEHLHAUSE
President, Maryland Pharmaceutical Association

FOREWORD

The Proceedings Number of the Maryland Pharmacist is ac¬
tually a year book. It is a compilation of facts and data reflecting
the deliberations and labors of the officers and committees of the
Maryland Pharmaceutical Association, its auxiliaries and affiliate
organizations. The period covered is from Convention-time 195 2
to Convention-time 1953.

In it you will And a complete agenda of the last Convention.
Each and every committee report was given by the chairman or a
member of the committee and shows the work done by these com¬
mittees on behalf of the rank-and-file pharmacists of the state. The
speaking program was meticulously planned to give every pharma¬
cist an insight to the present day problems of all phases of Phar¬
macy. You will find a Treasurer’s Report, and for the first time an
audit of the Kelly Memorial Fund, to acquaint you with the financial
status of the Association.

A complete report of the Maryland Board of Pharmacy is re¬
corded giving-data in minute detail as to the activities of the Board.

The section on resolutions is interesting and merits the atten¬
tion of all pharmacists.

The Code of Ethics should be read and your attention is called
to the new section added at the last Convention concerning prescrip¬
tion blanks.

You will find in this issue a complete list of every pharmacist
and assistant pharmacist registered in the State of Maryland; a list
of the active dues paid members of the Association; and a list of the
members of the Traveler’s Auxiliary. These lists are invaluable as
a handy reference.

Your Editor sincerely hopes that you will derive some benefit
from this issue and keep it in your pharmaceutical library for fur¬
ther reference.

JOSEPH COHEN
Elditor

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

OF THE

Seventy-First’ Annual Meeting

OF THE

Maryland Pharmaceutical Association
HELD AT THE
COMMANDER HOTEL
OCEAN CITY, MARYLAND
JUNE 16. 17, 18. 1953

FIRST SESSION

Tuesday, June 16, 1953

The first session of the Seventy-first Annual Convention of the
Maryland Pharmaceutical Association was opened at the Commander
Hotel, Ocean City, Maryland at 3 P.M. by President Manuel B.
Wagner.

President Wagner, after greeting those attending the Conven¬
tion, introduced Mr. A. L. Pierce, the town manager of Ocean City.
Mr. Pierce extended the greetings and welcome of the Mayor, City
Council and residents of Ocean City and assured the convention that
every measure was being taken to make our sojourn in Ocean City
a pleasant one. He wished the convention success and hoped we
would favor Ocean City by returning again in 1954.

President Wagner responded to Mr. Pierce on behalf of the
guests of the convention thanking him for the heart-warming wel¬
come and display of hospitality of Ocean City.

President Wagner announced that from all indications this
would be the best convention in the history of the association from
the standpoint of attendance and program speakers. He urged all
to attend the meetings that would begin each morning of the con¬
vention at 9 A.M.

From this point the President called for Committee Reports.
He announced that all Committee reports were to be given at this
session with the exception of Resolutions and Nominations. Those
not prepared to give their reports at this time were to give them to
the Secretary and they would subsequently by published in the
Proceedings Number of the Journal. This was decided upon so as

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

not to interfere with the speaking and business sessions. The re¬
ports are as follows:

REPORT OP ENTERTAINMENT COMMITTEE
Gordon A. Mouat, Chairman

Mr. President, Members of M. Ph. A., Guests, and Friends:

It has been my extreme pleasure to have been Chairman of the
Entertainment Committee for the past year. This is a Committee
that really functions only for the Convention, and since it works
jointly with T.A.M.P.A., we really have little to do. The boys of our
Auxiliary do all the leg work and give us a choice of what we may
like. Since the program has already been given to you when you
registered, I am making same a part of this report instead of re¬
peating. Suffice it to say Elaine Lee is in charge of our floor show
on Wednesday night, and Jack Scherr will furnish the music for
all three nights of the Convention.

I would like you all to know that the Minstrel Show on Wednes¬
day night is also the work of many of the T.A.M.P.A. boys who have
been in rehearsal for several months.

This year I was made the first General Chairman of our Con¬
vention, and my Committee has been functioning in this capacity
lending me their support in a coordinating capacity. If we have in
any way helped to make your Convention more enjoyable, we are
grateful.

Respectfully submitted,

Frank Macek

Bernard Cherry

Jack B. Gordon

Gordon A. Mouat, Chairman

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON MEMBERSHIP
Hyman Davidov, Chairman

Mr. President and Fellow-members of the Maryland Pharma¬
ceutical Association: Last year ut this time we had in all a total of
four hundred (400) paid-up active members, this year we have
a total of four hundred and eleven (411), an increase of eleven (11)
members from the preceding year.

With regard to Associate Members, last year we had 74 mem¬
bers, and this year we have 95 members, an increase of 21 members.

I feel that with over 690 drug stores in the State, including the
chain stores, there should be more dues paid members in both cate¬
gories of membership. In order to carry on the expanded activity
of the Association and so that it can function efficiently for the best

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

interests of every pharmacist in Maryland, funds are absolutely
necessary. Dues are one of our main sources of funds. It is there¬
fore, necessary that greater effort should be made in the collection
of dues and increasing the membership of the Association.

It is with this in mind, I recommend to the next President and
Chairman of the Committee that a much larger Committee be ap¬
pointed representing the entire State. Each member of the Com¬
mittee should be responsible for a small group in his own County
or Community. In this way the job will be done more quickly and
more completely, and certainly more beneficiently to the Association.

From my own recent personal experience it is evident that most
druggists want to pay their dues. About 50% respond to dues bills
and mail their payment, the rest although willing to pay, expect
someone to call on them for this purpose. I therefore feel, that a
well organized committee of about thirty members could accom¬
plish remarkable results.

To the committee and those special men who took the time to
assist me in collecting dues, I wish to express my appreciation for
their cooperation.

REPORT OF COMMIHEE ON U.S.P. & N.F.

Dr. Noel E. Foss, Chairman

Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen:

Due to the fact that there is very little activity from a state
level on the U.S.P. and N.F., this committee did not meet during
the year. We would like to report however, that both the U.S.P.
and N.F. are contemplating furnishing lists of trade-marked prepara¬
tions and drugs that are comparable to those listed in the U.S.P.
and N.F. Also, the N.F. is thinking of listing the usage of their
preparations to better familiarize the physician, dentist and veterin¬
arian with them.

We wish to emphasize, however, this information is not to be
construed as authority to substitute the U.S.P. or N.F. preparation
or drug for the trade marked product.

REPORT OF THE TREASURER
John F. Wannenwetsch

Mr. President and Fellow-Members of the Maryland Pharmaceutical
Association:

I would like to bring to the attention of the convention that in
my last report, expenditures amounted to $10,609.57 and this year
expenditures amount to $23,055.20, an increase of $12,445.63 of
which $9,500.00 was contributed to the Kelly Memorial and does

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

not represent a true operating expense. Nevertheless, our operating
expenses have actually increased $10,609.57, which has occurred
since the first of the year only.

The Baltimore Retail Druggists’ Association has doubled their
contribution to the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association, now giv¬
ing us $2,000.00 instead of $1,000.00.

The Maryland Pharmacist publication has reduced their con¬
tribution from $1,500.00 to $1,000.00, a difference of $500.00. The
reason for this drop is due to the increased cost of the publication
and will be explained by the Publication Committee.

We must recognize the fact that with our own building, we
now have additional expenses of light, heat, janitor service, mainten¬
ance, and other miscellaneous expenses. This will necessitate the
raising of additional funds of between $5,000.00 and $6,000.00 an¬
nually to properly conduct the physical and business administra¬
tive functions of our Association.

With these preliminary clarifications, I shall now submit an
itemized summary of the receipts and expenditures of my office,
which I trust will meet with your approval:

REPORT OP THE TREASURER
MARYLAND PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
June 1, 1952 to June 8, 1953

Receipts :

Dues . . . . $ 8,419.00

Convention Fund . 1,402.00

Interest — Three $1,000 U. S. Bonds . 60.00

Interest — Union Trust Co. Stock . 100.80

Contribution — A Friend . 100.00

Maryland Pharmacist . 1,000.00

Baltimore Retail Druggists’ Association . 2,000.00

Veterans Administration Fund . 2,000.00

Miscellaneous . 11.60

Blue Cross — owing B.R.D.A . 10.50

Dues — owing B.R.D.A . 196.00

Total . . . . . $15,299.90

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Recap ;

Summary' of Receipts and Expenditures:

Receipts . $15,299.90

Check Book Balance 6/1/52 . 15,623.30

Total . . . $30,923.20

Expenditures . . $23,055.20

Check Book Balance 6/8/53 . $ 7,868.00

Reserve — Union Trust Company . $ 3,673.75

Three (3) $1,000.00 U. S. Bonds.

Sixty-two (62) shares Union Trust Co. Stock.

REPORT OF THE AUDITING COMMITTEE
Mathias Palmer, Chairman

In the absence of the Chairman of this Committee, Norman
J. Levin read the report.

Mr. President and members of the Maryland Pharmaceutical
Association:

The Auditing Committee met at the Kelly Memorial Building
on June 11, 1953 at 2 P.M. The Committee composed of Mathias
Palmer, Chairman; Charles E. Spigelmire and Norman J. Levin,
met with John P. Wannenwetsch, the Treasurer. A thorough ex¬
amination was made of the books of the Association and found the
records to be in perfect order.

Respectfully submitted,

Norman J. Levin
Charles E. Spigelmire
Mathias Palmer, Chairman

KELLY MEMORIAL FUND
MARYLAND PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
May 21, 1953

Subscription Account :

Total Subscriptions Listed to iMay 21, 1953 . . .. ..$104,627.09

Less Payments on Account of Subscriptions . 103,364.09

Balance Unpaid Subscriptions at May 21, 1953

$ 1,263.00

The M A RY L AIJ D PHARMACIST

Collection Account:

Receipts :

Subscriptions Collecte-d . $103,364.09

Interest on Deposits and Investments:

Baltimore Federal Savings & Loan

Assn . $ 156.51

Loyola Federal Savings Loan Assn.. 55.33
Fairview Federal Savings & Loan Assn. . 22.21

$ 234.05

Interest and Profit on U. S. Government

Bonds and Treasury Notes . 1,900.20 2,134.25

Redemption of Treasury Notes . 39,962.00

Total Receipts . $145,460.34

Disbursements :

Purchase of U. S. Treasury Notes . ... 40,000.00

Title Search — Kern wood Lot . 335.00

Title Search and Zone Hearing — Charles St. Lot . 315.60

Architect’s Fees . 7,343.99

Construction Bond . 839.69

Water Meter . . 125.00

Legal Fees . 1,500.00

Construction . 85,099.23

Bust of E. F. Kelly . 1,840.63

Rental — Safe Deposit Box . 36.00

Equipment . 57.95

Furniture and Equipment . 5,496.56

Printing and Postage . 730.92

Bronze Placques and Flags . 291.02

Total Disbursements . $144,011.59

Total Receipts . $145,460.34

Total Disbursements . 144,011.59

Cash Balance — Mercantile Trust Co. — May 21, 1953. . . .$ 1,448.75

Assets of Fund:

Cash on Deposit . $1,448.75

Subscriptions Receivable . 1,2 63.00

$2,711.75

Hatter & McNab
Certified Public Accountants

The M A RY L Al^ D PHARMACIST

REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMISTEE
V^iiiiam E. WapSes, Chairman

In the absence of the Chairman, Howard L. Gordy read the
report.

Mr. President, and members of the Maryland Pharmaceutical
Association;

Your Executive Committee held six regular meetings and two
special meetings during the year. The special meetings were for the
purpose of selecting a new secretary and planning for the retirement
of Secretary Melville Strasburger, who served us faithfully for so
many years. Mr. Joseph Cohen was named as our new Secretary and
Editor of the Maryland Pharmacist.

The committee acted for the best interests of the Association
on all matters that came before it. The committee was active in the
plans for the completion of the Kelly Memorial and its dedication
ceremony. Thanks to the untiring efforts of Dr. H. A. B. Dunning,
and many of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association members,
we now have a Headquarters Building for all of our association ac¬
tivities. Legislation was another important matter discussed at the
meetings. You will hear a detailed report from the Chairman of the
Legislative Committee.

Let me thank you President Wagner, the Officers and the Mem¬
bers of the Executive Committee for your support during the year.
I enjoyed working with all of you.

Suggestions for the NEW Executive Committee:

1. The By-Laws should be followed more closely, and an es¬
tablished routine for the meetings planned and followed.

2. The Secretary should give a copy of the minutes of each
Executive Committee meeting to all of the members within
one week. This will enable any member who could not at¬
tend to keep up with the activities.

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON PHARMACY
Ofto yN. Muehihause, Chairman

My subject is quite comprehensive and its many ramifications
could easily encroach upon a number of reports offered at this con¬
vention.

The overall picture of pharmacy in the State is good. This con¬
clusion is arrived at by the following observations:

(a) The outstanding need of our state association was met
when The Kelly Memorial Building became available as the head¬
quarters and offices for our secretary, Joseph Cohen and his staff.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

For years this has been a dream of pharmacy, and a number of its
sceptical members doubted it would ever be realized.

However, those of us closely associated with this great effort,
were encouraged and convinced it could not fail when Dr. H. A. B.
Dunning accepted the chairmanship of our Building Committee.
We were justifiably thrilled when he personally guaranteed its
completion.

It stands as a memorial to one great pharmacist: Dr. E. F.
Kelly, and as a monument to the persevering efforts of another: Dr.
H. A. B. Dunning. Its practical application as the pulse of pharmacy
in our state has been demonstrated.

(b) Our city and state organizations are functioning well. The
officers are alert and on the job; committees are exerting construc¬
tive efforts and our meetings, both city and state, are attended in
numbers greater than average. Then also our financial picture is
good.

(c) Our efforts of providing a refresher course met with much
deserved success in the Kelly Memorial Building. Dean Noel E. Foss
and his associates arranged an interesting and instructive series of
lectures and exhibits for the approximately 90 in attendance. We
are looking forward to our next effort.

(d) The consumer price-picture became affected when the gov¬
ernment controls were lifted, resulting in price advances of approxi¬
mately 10% on a number of packaged proprietaries, including many
fair-trade items.

(e) Much thought and deliberation has been given to the proper
evaluation and pricing of physicians’ prescriptions. Some progress
has been made; the effort continues.

(f) Encouraging also is the observation of the generally good
quality of the younger pharmacists, taking their deserved places
in the association work.

Gratifying indeed are the price-declines of the extremely im¬
portant steroid cortisone acetate. New sources of supply of the
necessary raw-materials, combined with simplified methods of manu¬
facture and competition have drastically reduced the price to the
consumer. The result is that many, many more afflicted persons
may now enjoy its benefits.

A bit of unique pharmaceutical progress has been contributed
by the research laboratories of our manufacturers by providing us
with multiple-dose medication in individual tablets, pills or cap¬
sules. By means of successive, intricate coating, medication can
be released in our bodies over an extended period of time from one
individual unit. Two of the more recent forms are referred to as
“Delayed Action Tablets” and “Spansules.”

These are some of the more important observations. Other
papers will deal with many more.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON INCREASE IN A. PH. A. MEMBERSHIP
George J. StifFman, Chairman

In the absence of the Chairman of this Committee, Morris L.
Cooper read the report:

The membership committee appointed by you, for the past
year, not only tried to get new members, but did their best to keep
alive that spirit of cooperation you and your fellow officers justly
deserved. They realized the exacting work that you were doing and
the thoroughness with which you planned and executed each angle
of the job on hand and tried to get your fellow pharmacists to lend
their time and efforts.

As of June, 1952, there were 287 Maryland members to the
National organization.

As of June, 1953 the membership rose to 318 — a 10% increase,
which is higher than the National average. However there is a defin¬
ite upgrade of membership throughout the country.

This increase in membership will entitle us to send to the
Amercian Pharmaceutical Asseciation Convention this year Two
Delegates.

This gratifying increase is due in part to the support given by
the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association by our membership drive
and the interesting programs held during the year. The committee
appreciates this splendid cooperation.

Every pharmacist should be a member to benefit from, and
contribute to, the work of the National headquarters.

It is impossible for our committee members to make personal
contacts with every pharmacist in the State. In face of these facts
we will welcome your letters or personal calls .. .Det’s hear from
you .

REPORT OF THE INTER-PROFESSIONAL RELATIONS COMMITTEE
Stephen J. Provenza, Chairman

Mr. President, Distinguished Guests, members of the Mary¬
land Pharmaceutical Association and Friends:

It is an honor and a pleasure to be able to bring to you the
report of the activities of the Interprofessional Relations Committee.

The 1953 Meeting of the National Alumni Association of the
Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, the University of Maryland
School of Dentistry, was held at the Lord Baltimore Hotel on March
4th, 5th and 6th. Dr. Noel E. Foss, one of the members of our com¬
mittee was a speaker at one of the luncheons and chose as his topic,
“Inter-Professional Relations of Dentists and Pharmacists.”

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

On April 28tli and 2 9 th the Medical and Chirurgical Faculty of
the State of Maryland held its annual Convention in Baltimore. We
did not have an exhibit as in previous years but instead were in¬
vited to give a twenty minute paper on their regular program. Dr.
Noel E. Foss was the speaker and the title of his talk was “Tlie
Pharmaceutical Aspects of Prescription Writing.” To those inter¬
ested in reading this speech, arrangements have been made to have
it appear in the Maryland Pharmacist and also the Maryland State
Medical Journal which incidently has a circulation of almost 3000
physician members. Pharmacists were invited to attend a luncheon
where Dr. Louis H. Bauer, president of the American Medical Asso¬
ciation was the guest speaker. At the dance and show sponsored
by the Women’s Auxiliary of the Medical Society, Pharmacists and
their wives were invited to attend.

Articles written by Dr. L. M. Kantner dealing mostly with drug
legislation have appeared regularly in the Pharmacy section of the
Maryland State Medical Journal. As I pointed out last year when it
was originally published. Pharmacy, Dentistry, Nursing and other
health groups were invited to contribute informative articles of in¬
terest to physicians. Dr. George H. Yeager is the editor and Mr.
Walter N. Kirkman, the business manager.

The American Dental Association was very cooperative in send¬
ing us reprints of a paper entitled, “Prescription Aids in Everyday
Dentistry” written by Bernstein and Neuwirth (J.A.D.A. 43-561,
November, 1951) and also a pamphlet on “Provisions for Accept¬
ance of Dental Products.” These were distributed at our exhibit
at the annual Convention of the Maryland State Dental Society held
at the Lord Baltimore Hotel on May 4th, 5th and 6th. The bulletin
of “Prescription Writing and Dental Medication” compiled by our
committee was again revised with the aid of Dr. Edward C. Dobbs,
Professor Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, University of
Maryland. Attention was called to the dentists visiting our booth to
the 19 5 3 edition of “Accepted Dental Remedies” which as you
know is published annually by the American Dental Association. The
yearly revision and constant expansion of this publication is a re¬
flexion of the rapid growth of developments in the fleld of dental
therapeutics. We as pharmacists should do everything possible in
our everyday contacts with practicing dentists to demonstrate the
simplicity and desirability of writing prescriptions for the comfort
and welfare of the patient.

During the last year the Medical Representatives Association
of Baltimore was formed consisting of the “detail” men calling on
the physicians, dentists and pharmacists of Baltimore. It has adopted
a Constitution and a Code of Ethics. Its principal aims are as follows:

(1) To promote better understanding, cooperation and rela-

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

tioiiship between its members, and the allied health professions —
medicine, surgery, dentistry, etc.

(2) To conduct social and educational programs for its mem¬
bers. We of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association should recog¬
nize this important group and call to their attention certain prac¬
tices that can be worked out to our mutual advantage from time
to time.

In our dealings with the medical and dental associations of
Maryland we have found them to be most cordial and cooperative.
The committee however, feels that the results of our efforts have been
fragmentary and spasmodic. There would be better coordination,
correlation and cooperation of the pharmacists, physicians, dentists
and other health workers if a Bureau of Professional Relations were
established as a joint project by the Maryland Pharmaceutical As¬
sociation, the School of Pharmacy of the University of Maryland and
the Maryland State Board of Pharmacy. By these three groups mak-
’ue: financial contributions it would be possible to engage the serv¬
ices of a full time director. This is not a new idea as Florida, New
jersey and other states have such a set-up that works closely with
ihe physicians, dentists and pharmacists of the state. Representa¬
tives of these Bureaus call on each druggist, physician and dentist
at least once each year. Some of the other activities are as follows:

(1) Acquaint physicians, dentists, chiropodists with seasonal
and current drug products by periodic useful bulletins sent by mail.

(2) Bring attention to the various health groups of the changes
in laws that deal with pharmaceuticals.

(3) The representative makes an effort to answer problems in¬
volving the various health professions.

(4) Sponsor a yearly refresher course at the State College of
Pharmacy.

(5) Carry on a job placement service for pharmacists.

(6) Whenever health groups meet an effort is made to use a
traveling Pharmacy Exhibit calling attention to the drug services
that the pharmacist renders.

(7) Publish Formularies that can be worked on jointly by
physicians, dentists and chiropodists.

In conclusion I would like to offer my personal thanks to Victor
H. Morgenroth, Jr., chairman of the Interprofessional Relations Com¬
mittee of the Baltimore Retail Druggists’ Association and also Dr.
Noel E. Foss from whom we have received close cooperation by
giving us their time and valuable suggestions in helping us carry
out the work of this committee. Others on the state committee are
as follows: Irving Freed, Robert Chatkin (H'agerstown) , Morris
L. Cooper, Otto W. Muehlhause, W. Arthur Purdum, Lloyd N.
Richardson and Samuel Wertheimer of Cumberland, Maryland.

T h e MAR Y LAND P H A R M A C I S T

At the conclusion of the report much interest was shown and
suggestions were made to expand the activities of the committee
beyond the confines of Metropolitan Baltimore. Vice-President Mar¬
tin stated a meeting of doctors and pharmacists was held in the
Cumberland area with poor results. He recommended a study to
determine wherein the fault lies and steps to improve the relation¬
ship between the physician and the pharmacist. Chairman Provenza
promised activity in this respect for the coming year.

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON COMMERCIAL INTERESTS
Lesfer R. Martin, Chairman

Mr. President and Members of the Maryland Pharmaceutical
Association:

Super-market and shopping center competition is growing in
our State. This is forcing the independent druggist to modernize to
remain in the competitive picture. Although it is good business to
modernize, the type of modernization should be in accord with loca¬
tion and type of trade.

The independent druggist should devote more time to visiting
his competition and studying their methods of operation. He should
not however, install all methods used by the super-market without
first determining his own personal needs.

The Committee has found that most shopping center locations
are not available to the independent regardless of financial respon¬
sibility. This practice is not fair and should be investigated further.

The price line has been firmly held in our State with very little
deviation. Some manufacturers of drug store products have ad¬
vanced their prices. In all instances the retail prices have advanced
simultaneously and in some instances the mark-up has improved.

With very little exception, radio, television, magazine and news¬
paper publicity of drug store merchandise does not exclude the in¬
dependent druggist.

The status of introducing new drug products has improved con¬
siderably.

REPORT OP COMMITTEE ON NATIONAL PHARMACY WEEK
Chorles J. Neun, Chairman

Mr. Chairman, Hadies and Gentlemen:

The pharmacists of our state showed more interest in National
Pharmacy Week than heretofore. Several windows were installed
and good pictures were submitted.

The press and radio were cooperative and helped considerably
in promoting the efforts of pharmacy with regard to public relations.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

The following were selected as the best windows in the state:

1. Morris L. Cooper, first prize and winner of the cup.

2. Read Drug & Chemical Company, first honorable mention.

3. Medical Arts Pharmacy, second honorable mention.

These were submitted to the American Pharmaceutical Associa¬
tion and Read Drug and Chemical Company won first place in the
national competition and Morris L. Cooper won second prize. So
you see Maryland placed one and two nationally which is quite a
distinction and something in which we should all take considerable
pride.

In conclusion, I would like to say that every store should par¬
ticipate in National Pharmacy Week not only with the hope of
winning a prize and distinction, but for the sake of promoting his
own professional status.

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATIONS
Harry S. Harrison, Chairman

In the absence of the Chairman of this Committee, Prank L.
Black read the report.

Taking serious note of the report submitted at the convention
last year by the Chairman of the Publications Committee, the com¬
mittee met on March 12, 1953, to examine every phase of the Mary¬
land Pharmacist, our publication.

We found that the advertising rates had remained static for a
period of ten years, during which time the publication had exper¬
ienced several increases pertaining to the expense of printing and
handling. We also found that too many copies were being printed
and some economy could be put into effect in this respect, but not
enough to materially reduce the cost of the publication.

The Editor reported, face-lifting and further improvement of
the journal should involve additional expense, and he cited specific
examples using issues that had been edited since the first of the year
where the cost had increased as much as 25%. Our Editor, Joseph
Cohen, gave a financial report from records available, which follows:

Net income from advertisers from January 1st to December 31,

1952:

Receipts . $6,173.23

Disbursements . 6,178.33 (Total expenses for printing,

mailing and handling)

Net Loss . 5.10

Since the first of the year, because of the improvement and ex¬
pansion of the Journal, the expenses have increased. Even with more

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

advertising space being sold, no financial improvement could be
realized at tbe low existent advertising rates.

After considerable deliberations the Committee decided to ad¬
vance the advertising rates to conform with the rates of comparable
pharmaceutical publications. It was also decided to use the same
format now being used and to continue to improve upon the material
being published in the Journal.

The new advertising rates will go into effect on July 1, 1953.
Our advertisers were notified on June 1, 1953 by letter, and a new
very comprehensive rate card was issued advising them of the in¬
crease. The committee feels that the new rates will keep the Mary¬
land Pharmacist on a self sustaining basis.

In closing, I want to thank the members of the Committee for
their participation in behalf of our publication — The Maryland
Pharmacist.

Respectfully submitted,

Frank h. Black

Miss B. Olive Cole

Howard L. Gordy

Morris Lindenbaum

Melville Strasburger

John F. Wannenwetsch

Walter E. Albrecht, Co-Chairman

Harry S. Harrison, Chairman

REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Joseph Cohen

Mr. President and Fellow-Members:

This is my first report to you as Executive Secretary of the
Maryland Pharmaceutical Association. So many things have hap¬
pened since the first of the year that I hardly know where to begin,
and if each detail were recounted, this report would enfold into a
voluminous, endless chronology. Therefore, I will merely sum¬
marize the important events since January 1st and set forth my
observations as briefly as possible.

Although I took over my duties prior to January 1st and spent
about two weeks with my distinguished predecessor, Melville Stras¬
burger, I did not officially become Secretary until January 1st. In
the meantime I had the privilege of occupying the quarters of the
Association in the Henry B. Gilpin Building and associating with
the members of that firm. A finer group of people I have never had
the privilege of meeting before. They did everything in their power
to assist me in the performance of my duties, and during the period
that we did not have telephone facilities, they extended themselves
in cooperation that must have interferred in the performance of

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

their own business. Although I have already expressed my appre¬
ciation on behalf of the association for their unselfish cooperation
during the years we occupied their building rent-free, I wish to
reiterate for permanent record my thanks and the thanks of the
Association to the Henry B. Gilpin Company for their hospitality
and cooperation.

January 9, 195 3 was officially moving day. No man could ex¬
perience a greater sense of satisfaction than I experienced on that
day. In humility I stood in this great edifice, the Kelly Memorial
Building, and reflected the greatness of my heritage. In awe I
gazed upon my surroundings and meditated upon those who pro¬
ceeded me — the Kellys, the Swains, the Strasburgers, and those
beyond my memory who proceeded them. They were the ones who
laid the foundation for the Kelly Memorial through their untiring,
unrewarded, in a material sense, collective years of effort — in close,
unpretentious quarters and surroundings. Yet, their efforts were
fruitful and their work accomplished. I merely follow a blue-print,
a pattern set forth by these men, and every day as I stand in rev¬
erence before the bust of Dr. E. F. Kelly, I am inspired and pray
that I shall be able to emulate them and preserve the highest pro¬
fessional ideals of Pharmacy.

On January 16th the Kelly Memorial Building was dedicated
and the cornerstone laid. The heavens shone down in brightness
and warmth on that day reflecting the character and personality of
the great leader in Pharmacy in whose honor this memorial was
erected. The history of this event has been recorded in detail in
the February, 1953 issue of the Maryland Pharmacist.

Since that memorable day many activities and functions have
been performed by your Association through the office of the Sec¬
retary.

Three hundred and sixty-nine visitors have recorded their
names in the visitors book, representing pharmacists, representatives
of the allied professions, and business people from all over the
United States. I would venture to say that there were at least two
hundred more that did not sign the book. In almost every instance
the building was explained to our visitors.

Your Secretary has attended sixty-nine meetings and confer¬
ences since taking office. These meetings were varied and included
every phase of Pharmacy and Association activity; Fair Trade,
Robinson-Patman, Legislation, Group Insurance, Committee and
Business meetings — to name a few.

Office routine has been accelerated and has increased beyond
imagination. We have handled many mailings from our own office.
With additional equipment it is no longer necessary to have notices
or any other type of mail handled outside of the office. In this re¬
spect, I want to commend my secretary, Mrs. Eleanor R. Adkins, for
her efficient assistance.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

The telephone activity has increased from less than five in¬
coming calls per day to as many as fifty calls received in one day.
This necessitated the installation of an auxiliary line, and we are
now in a position to render better phone service to our members.

As you know your Secretary is also Editor of the Association
publication, the Maryland Pharmacist. Although the number of ad¬
vertisements in the journal have been good, the revenue has been
poor due to an obsolete advertising rate schedule. As reported else¬
where at this Convention, this will be corrected as of July 1, 1953,
and as the income improves, so will the Journal. It is not my in¬
tention as Editor to sacrifice quality for profit. However, it is abso¬
lutely necessary that the Maryland Pharmacist shall be self-sus¬
taining.

In closing this report, I would indeed be remiss if I did not
express my appreciation to the officers of both the Maryland Phar¬
maceutical Association and the Baltimore Retail Druggists’ Associa¬
tion, and the many rank-and-file members of the Associations for
their splendid support and cooperation in helping me dispatch my
duties during the short interim I have held office. Many thanks to
all of you.

REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON DECEASED MEMBERS
Aiidrew J. Ludwig, Chairman

In the absence of Chairman Ludwig, the Secretary read the
report.

It is with sorrow that I assume the task of reporting the names of
our members and friends who have passed away since our last
convention.

WILLIAM E. JORDAN
ALBERT KERMISH
HYMEN L. KURTZWILE
CARL H. W. OERTEL
PAUL SILVERMAN
CHARLES STEVENS
WILLIAM A. STURGISS
SAMUEL WEISMAN
WALDO A. WERCKSHAGEN
DAVID TENNER

Let us rise and, in all humility, ask our dear Heavenly Father
for the safe-guarding of their souls through eternity.

Respectfully submitted,

Fred W. Apitz

Morris Shenker

Andrew J. Ludwig, Chairman

The M A R Y L Al^ D PHARMACIST

REPORT Of COMMITTEE TO STUDY DRUG STORE EXPERIENCE
Max M. Zervitz, Chairman

Mr. Zervitz not being able to attend the convention, requested
Dr. L. M. Kantner, to read this report.

This committee has been functioning for the past four years
The first three years, your committee made a thorough investigation
of the state and national situation of the Practical Experience
Problem. As a result, in 19 52 at this convention, your committee
recommended the following:

1. That the present practical experience was not a healthy one,
and that changes be made.

2. That the present one year of practical experience could best
be obtained in drug stores approved by the Maryland
Board of Pharmacy, as to the number of prescriptions filled
(about 60 00 per year minimum) and cleanliness and willing¬
ness to teach the candidates.

3. That nine months of the first year of practical experience
could be obtained before graduation, but the final three
months would necessarily be obtained after graduation
from a School of Pharmacy in approved drug stores
under the supervision of the Maryland Board of
Pharmacy. A candidate may take this experience immedi¬
ately following graduation and be ready to complete his
Board requirements in the Fall examination. This would
not prevent his or her taking the theoretical Board Examina¬
tion in June, upon graduation. This would necessitate the
moving of the State Board practical examination to the Fall.

After hearing this recommendation, at this convention in 1952,
it was agreed to consult Dr. Fischelis, Secretary of the American
Pharmaceutical Association before approving same. Dr. Fischelis
verbally approved of this recommendation, and stated that we should
act promptly.

On May 21, 19 53, your committee met with the Maryland Board
of Pharmacy, and Dean and Faculty Representative of the Univer¬
sity of Maryland Pharmacy School, Secretary of the Maryland Phar¬
maceutical Association and Officers of the Baltimore Retail Druggists’
Association and the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association at the
Board Headquarters. It was agreed that the present practical
experience methods should be amended in the manner stated pre¬
viously. Also, 'that the above would not apply to students presently
enrolled, but to new students from this Pall, etc.

Therefore, this committee recommends that the approval be

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

given to the above, and that the Maryland Board of Pharmacy be
set up to carry out the above as soon as possible.

Respectfully submitted,

Dr. Benjamin F. Allen

Jacob L. Kronthal

Milton A. Freedman

Dr. Noel E. Foss, Advisor

Walter E. Albrecht, ConChairman

Max M. Zervitz, Chairman

REPORT OF THE LEGISLATIVE COMMITTEE
Prank Block, Chairman

Because of the fact that this was a legislative year, the
Legislative Committee was naturally more active than in an off
year. Our history shows that we are very reluctant to change or
add to our existent Pharmacy Laws. Our program was a 'Simple
one and was concerned only in protecting the laws that were already
on the books and introducing three Bills that would bring our
Pharmacy Laws to conform with the national Durham-Humphrey
Law. We met no difficulty in the Senate, but we had a great deal of
difficulty in the House of Delegates, especially in the House Judiciary
Committee. Two Bills were finally cleared by this Committee, but
the third died in the Committee after assurances that it would be
approved. We are at a loss to explain the action of the House
Judiciary Committee. The only reasons we can venture to guess are
strictly political. As you know, there was much log-rolling and
swapping in the Maryland Legislature this past Session and we were
innocently caught in the cross-fire of political warfare.

The first meeting of the Legislative Committee was held in
Baltimore on October 2 9th. This was a well attended meeting and
the following proposed legislation was discussed at length.

1. Proposed Amendment to Uniform Narcotic Drug Act with
Respect to Preparations Exempted, particularly Dihydro-
codeinone and its salts in exempt quantities.

2. The Dangerous Drug Act. An act to make Maryland Law con¬
form to the Durham-Humphrey Law.

3. The Barbiturate Act. To be rewritten as revision is necessary
to conform to the Durham-Humphrey Act.

The Second meeting of the Legislative Committee was held at
Dr. Kantner’s office in the Health Department. At this meeting the
changes and additions as explained above were read and defined by
Dr. Kantner. Corrections were made and approved by the Coonmittee.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

21,

The results of our •deliberations were 'then referred to our legal
counsel for final approval, and to be drawn up in Bill form for
introduction in the Legislature. The Committee took under con¬
sideration a plan of obtaining emergency exempt narcotics without
first submitting a form to the supplier. Because of the many new
preparations containing exempt narcotics being introduced, and the
fact that the name does not always indicate that the preparation
contains a narcotic, it was decided to study and bring forth a plan
to alleviate this condition.

At a subsequent meeting the following procedure was put into
effect as of January 1, 1953:

The supplier of Exempt Narcotics was authorized to furnish
Exempt Narcotics only in an emergency. The wholesaler must
fill out the form for the retailer and send a copy to the retailer
with his order and to be filed by the retailer. The whole¬
saler is to retain the original form for his own records.

After several conferences with our legal counsel the following
Bills were introduced in the Legislature:

1. Senate Bill No. 3 6 making dihydrocodeinone and its salts in
quantities not over 1/6 grain to the ounce an exempt narcotic.
This Bill passed the Senate and died in the House Judiciary
Committee. An attempt will be made to reintroduce it in the
February 1954 Session of the Legislature.

2. Senate Bill No. 221 adding seven new sections to our Phar¬
macy Law, sub-title “Health — Dangerous Drugs,” This law
conforms to the Durham-Humphrey Act pertaining to legend
drugs, making it possible to taking prescriptions for danger¬
ous drugs over the phone, etc. This Bill was passed by the
Senate, and finally by the House after much pressure.

3. Senate Bill No. 222 making it possible to take oral prescrip¬
tion for Barbiturates. Again we had no opposition in the
Senate, but had difficulty in the House, finally passing both
houses.

Both SB 221 and SB 222 were signed by the Governor on
June 1, 19 53, and now are law. The passage of these two laws is a
cnallenge to the pharmacists of our State.

We sincerely hope they will minister these laws judiciously and
not be tempted to violate them, otherwise more stringent laws
will be enacted that will prove to be a hardship on every pharmacist.
These laws are our responsibility, let’s accept that responsibility with
professional dignity. For your edification, these laws have been
explained in the May issue of the Maryland Pharmacist, and Dr.
Kantner is having a reprint made for an early release.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Other Bills introduced affecting Pharmacy were:

1. House Bill No. 2 — A Bill expanding unemployment compen¬
sation benefits. We opposed this Bill because the small
retailer who has a low contribution rate to the unemployment
fund would be penalized by unemployment in the large
industries. However, we were assured that the fund would
have to drop from $128,000,000 to below $78,000,000 before
the rate would be affected. Therefore, we withdrew our
opposition, since such a great drop was remote in a short
time. This Bill, benefiting labor, was passed by the Legis¬
lature.

2. House Bill No. 5 7 — A Bill making it possible for certain indi¬
viduals who have worked in a drug store for 35 years to be
permitted to take the State Board of Pharmacy, regardless
of educational background. We opposed this Bill because it
was strictly class legislation to benefit a few who did not
now qualify under the Pharmacy Laws. The passage of
this Bill would have undermined our Pharmacy educational
structure. This Bill did not pass.

Several Bills affecting the Robinson-Patman Act have been
introduced in the Congresss of the United States. Taking cognizance
of this attempt to emasculate the Robinson-Patman Act, a group
of officers met with the Maryland Congressional Delegation in
Washington at an informal dinner with other groups of retailers, we
made known our views to our representatives in Congress and they
have promised to cooperate.

Because of the opposition experienced on our legislative pro¬
gram, the Committee, the officers of the Association, and our Secre¬
tary spent much time and effort traveling to Annapolis and making
telephone calls throughout the State. I want to express my appre¬
ciation to every member of the Legislative Committee and the others
who worked so conscientiously to put over our program.

In conclusion, I would like to say that the time has come for
every Pharmacist to get acquainted with those who are in or are
about to seek political office, and to find out what they know, and
v/hat they stand for.

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE OF THE MARYLAND PHARMACEUTICAL
ASSOCIATION ON THE SCHOOL OF PHARMACY.

UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND

WHmer J. Heer, Chairman

The Committee of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association on
the School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, held one meeting
during the past year. This meeting was held at the Kelly Memorial

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Building on May ISth to permit the members of the Committee to
discuss the accomplishments and needs of the School of Pharmacy.

Enrollment

The enrollment at the beginning of the first semester of the

1952-53 year was as follows:

Freshmen . . . 69

Sophomores . . . 72

Juniors . 54

Seniors . . . 63

Specials . ...... 2

Graduate . 32

Total . 292

It was again necessary to limit the number of students enrolled
in the freshmen class to 65. The four additional students listed
with the freshmen came in with advanced standing and with summer
school this year should be ranked as juniors in September 1953. The
number of veteran students from World War II was negligible.
However, there were four veterans from the Korean campaign and it
is quite possible that there will be more Korean veterans in the
future years. 2 6 of the undergraduate students or 10% are girls
with the girls enrolled in the Graduate School.

Faculty, Curriculum and Instruction

Mr. John H. Applegarth, Instructor in Zoology, resigned in
August, 1952. However, we were fortunate in replacing him with
Mr. Frank A. Dolle who has his Master’s degree in Zoology from
Collge Park and who is a candidate for the Doctor of Philosophy
degree this coming year.

Mr. Paul A. Pumpian, a graduate of the School of Pharmacy
in 1950 and a candidate for the Bachelor of Law degree, was pro¬
moted from Graduate Assistant to Junior Instructor in Pharmacy
Administration this past year. Mr. Pumpian has been attending
the School of Law of the University of Maryland this past three
years was awarded the LL.B. degree this past spring.

Mr. Landon W. Burbage, who retired as Eastern Division Sales
Manager of Bristol Myers on January 1st this year, joined the
School of Pharmacy the second semester as Visiting Lecturer in
Pharmacy Administration. The School of Pharmacy feels extremely
fortunate in having obtained the services of a man with Mr.
Burbage’s qualifications and sales experience.

Mr. John Autian, who was awarded the M.S. degree with a
major in pharmacy this past Spring, joined the faculty on September
1st as Instructor in Pharmacy. Mr. Autian did a very commendable

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

job and permitted the School to strengthen the Department of
Pharmacy which has been understaffed for some time.

For sometime the faculty has felt that it would be desirable
to classify electives in the senior year so that those students desiring
to major in retail pharmacy would elect courses in this field and
those wishing to do graduate work would direct their talents in areas
other than retail would select pre-graduate majors. The senior
class just graduating were required to make this selection in the
Summer of 19 52 and it is believed that this arrangement has been
satisfactory.

Dr. Frank J. Slama, Professor of Pharmacognosy and head of
the department, offered a course in Animal Health Products the
second semester as an elective for those students majoring in retail
pharmacy.

Dr. Benjamin F. Allen, Associate Professor of Pharmacy,
offered a new course in Cosmetics as an elective for students
majoring in retail pharmacy.

Mr. John Autian, Instructor in Pharmacy, offered a new
course in Pharmacy Literature as an elective for those majoring
in retail pharmacy.

All three of these courses were well received and the School of
Pharmacy has heard many favorable comments regarding these
courses.

Graduate Work

Total enrollment in the graduate division remained approxi¬
mately the same as in 1951-52. The School is proud to have had seven
students receive the fM.S. degree and two students to receive the
Ph.D. degree this past year through the facilities of the School of
Pharmacy. Applicants for admission to the Graduate School continue
to exceed the capacity of the School for graduate students. Many
opportunities for students who complete the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees
are available and this should emphasize the need for the School of
Pharmacy not only to continue its graduate program but to expand
it at the earliest possible date.

Physical Plant Iinproveinents

Fluorescent lights were installed in lectures room 10 and 41
this past Spring. The basement pharmacy laboratory was renovated
to include new formica table tops, new shelving for prescription
bottles and a tile floor, all of which have tremendously improved
the appearance of the laboratory. AH departments have received
considerable new equipment, including a 16 mm projector with
sound, tape recorder, a 35 mm projector, a sound delineator and a
countoura developer.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

School Activities

A student branch of the American iPharmaceutical Association
was organized this past year. This organization planned a number
of programs this past year and it is believed that the .School can
support both a Student Branch of the American Pharmaceutical
Association and a Students Auxiliary of the Maryland Pharmaceutical
Association.

The MARYLAND MORTAR, a student newspaper, was organized
this past year and was received with tremendous enthusiasm by the
entire student body. Dr. Adele B. Ballman, Assistant Professor of
English, is the faculty director of the newspaper and is to be
commended for the excellent manner in which she has directed
this activity.

As a result of faculty action, those students receiving an
average of “B” or higher for a semester’s work was recognized
by receiving a letter from the Dean’s otRce and a copy to the parent.
In addition, the list is posted on the bulletin board of the School,
in the student newspaper and the Maryland Pharmacist.

Rrefresher Program

The School of Pharmacy, together with the Maryland Pharma¬
ceutical Association, sponsored a refresher program on May 16th.
A number of faculty members participated in the program which
was attended by more than 7 0 practicing pharmacists.

Needs Of The School Of Pharmacy

Although every attempt is being made to better utilize the
space which is available in the School of Pharmacy by improving
the laboratories, etc., additional plant facilities are needed to
properly accommodate the future needs of the School, including class¬
rooms, laboratories and space for research.

In addition, there is an acute need for recreation facilities,
namely a union building, for the students while they are enrolled
in the School of Pharmacy. Dean Foss has been appointed Chairman
of the Committee in Baltimore working on this project and it is
hoped that something definite will develop in the near future.

James P. Cragg, Jr.

L. M. Kantner
E. R. Kellough, Jr.

Stephen J. Provenza
Lloyd N. Richardson
Wm. Rossberg
Simon Solomon
George J. Stiffman

Alexander J. Ogrinz, Jr., Co-Chairman
Wilmer J. Heer, Chairman

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

REPORT OF THE COMMIHEE ON PAIR TRADE
Simon Solomon, Chairman

This report will endeavor to give you the important things that
have occurred since the United States Supreme Court decision in
the Schwegmann Case.

Fair trade had a comparatively smooth road until the non-signer
clause in inter-state commerce was declared invalid by the U.S. Su¬
preme Court.

Schwegmann Bros., conducting a super-market in New Orleans,
questioned the validity of the non-signer clause in State Fair Trade
Acts. In the Schwegmann case, the United iStates Court of Appeals,
5th Circuit, ruled that the Miller-Tydings Amendment did apply to
the non-signer clause with respect to fair trade goods in interstate
commerce. Specifically, it held that the Miller-Tydings Amendment,
removed every prohibition trom or impediment in the way of the
enactment by the States of Fair Trade Laws, binding alike, signers
and non-signers. However, Schwegmann disagreed with this decision
and therefore appealed to the United States Supreme Court.

This case aroused tremendous interest, particularly in the drug
industry; while it is true that the case did not involve a constitutional
question, as did the original fair trade case decided in 1936, it did
present squarely to the Supreme Court for the first time since 193 6,
the question of validity of the very heart of fair trade, the non¬
signer clause. It was only natural that we should be very much
alarmed because if the Supreme Court should declare the non-signer
clause invalid, then fair trade would be dead for all practical
purposes, as such a decision would strike a tremendous blow against
the system of stabilized and economic prices.

Then lightening struck in 1951. The United States Supreme
Court by a 6 to 3 decision in turning thumbs down upon the non¬
signer clause in the Louisiana Fair Trade Act, hit the whole fair
trade movement, particularly in the drug industry, with the force
of an atomic explosion. The Court did not claim that fair trade was
not in the public interest, nor that it was unconstitutional. The entire
basis of the court’s decision was that the Miller-Tydings Act did not
contain the specific inclusion of the non-signer clause.

Fortunately, panic did not prevail. If ever calm and sober
judgment was needed, this was the time. Now was the time to prove
that the drug industry, particularly the National Association of
Retail Druggists would bring order out of chaos. This was the
occasion for Secretary Dargavel, of the N.A.R.D. to prove that he
could rally his army after a very severe defeat and that it was
only an individual battle and not the entire war that was lost.
The very first job was to study the matter very carefully and then
present a plan to Congress to pass a new amendment to the federal

The M A RY L A:N D PHARMACIST

anti-trust laws, which would accomplish what it thought had been
done when the Miller-Tydings Act was adopted in 1937.

After much planning under the able guidance of Secretary
Dargavel, a Bill was introduced known as the McGuire Act (H R
5767) within thirteen months after the unfavorable Schwegmann
decision by the U. S. Supreme Court.

The McGuire Act was enacted in 19 52 with a tremendous
majority of 164-10 in the House and 64-16 in the Senate. This was
certainly a tribute to Secretary Dargavel who provided real leader¬
ship in winning such a great victory. But the McGuire Act did more
than take care of the non-signer clause. It also covered the Went-
ling loophole in Paragraph 4 of the new law in which Congress
clearly states its intention that the making or enforcing of fair
trade contracts shall not be considered by the courts as consti¬
tuting an unlawful burden or restraint upon, or interference with
commerce. As a matter of fact, in the debate on the Senate floor.
Senator Schoeppel (R — Kansas) made a strong statement in support
of this viewpoint. Still, Schwegmann was not deterred by the enact¬
ment of the McGuire Act. He was determined to flght back. He
very openly and brazenly defled all manufacturers by cutting deeply
below fair trade prices. It was the drug industry that accepted the
challenge and although many manufacturers have obtained injunc¬
tions against Schwegmann, the credit goes largely to Eli Lilly &
Company who was the flrst to tackle the big giants in Court.

The flrst round has been won by Eli Lilly «& Company. New
Orleans Federal Judge J. S. Kelly Wright, granted Lilly summary
judgment against Schwegmann Bros, in the key court test which
is expected to determine the legal future of fair trade. Judge Wright
ruled that the U. S. Supreme Court had upheld the constitutionality
of non-signer fair trade in the 1936 old Dearborn Case, and that
federal courts are bound by this decision until the highest tribunal
reverses itself. The McGuire Act reverses the 1951 Schwegmann
decision that the federal Miller-Tydings Law did not cover non¬
signers.

In May 19 52 an appeal by Schwegmann Bros, was argued before
the U. S. Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals. The supermarket chain’s
appeal from a permanent injunction previously granted to Eli Lilly &
Company, (January — 1953) was taken under advisement by the
United States Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals in New Orleans, after
oral arguments had been heard on both sides. Up to the present
time the court has not rendered any decision.

Michigan

Michigan Supreme Court in the Ashing tackle case declared the
Michigan Fair Trade Act unconstitutional. It might be stated here
that the views expressed by the Court were somewhat similar to

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those of the Florida Supreme Court which had previously ruled
against the validity of the Florida Fair Trade Law. The Court
said the Fair Trade Law, as applied to non-signers “constitutes”
a deprivation of property without due process of law for the reason
that the legislation is outside the scope of the police power of the
state inasmuch as it bears no reasonable relation to public morals.
safety, or the general welfare. It further stated, as the Act does not
bear the mentioned relationship, it cannot be sustained as a lawful
exercise of the State’s police power, that impairments of defendant’s
rights under the due process clause results from its enforcement
and it is therefore our duty to deny such enforcement and brand the
Act for what it is “unconstitutional.”

Unfortunately, if such a decision stands, it does not seem that
the McGuire Act can be of much help, because the Court has ruled
that the Fair Trade Law is in conflict with the State’s Constitution.
Then, it again raises the question whether any new legislation passed
in Michigan will be of much value. According to some legal authori¬
ties, it appears that the Court’s opposition was arbitrary and dog¬
matic and is directly contrary to what the legal profession calls “the
weight of authority.” Fortunately, the Michigan Supreme Court
ruling came in June 1952, just before the McGuire Act was passed
and we are therefore hopeful that this decision can be upset in a
later case.

Georgia

Fair Trade suffered one of its most severe blows when the
Georgia State Supreme Court in an unanimous opinion ruled that the
State’s Fair Trad© Act, passed in 1937, is unconstitutional. Chief
Judge Duckworth, explained that when the State law was passed
there was no valid federal statute permitting such a State law.
Later, of course, the Federal law was amended (Miller-Tydings Act)
to permit such agreements. In other words, the court said such a
situation actually voided fair trade from the very beginning and
the State Fair Trade Law could only be considered effective if it
had been enacted after the Federal Law had been amended to
permit such State laws.

The Georgia situation seems to be the most serious of all,
because even if the law were to be enacted now, it would be con¬
sidered valid under Federal laws, but would be invalid under the
State Constitution, declared the Court. The Georgia decision also
differs from the Michigan decision in that it was decided after the
McGuire Act was passed.

It is most likely, according to many legal authorities, that in
order to overcome the Court’s decision, the law will have to be
amended similar to the Florida law, by adding a preamble declaring
it was the intent of the State Legislature, at the time the law was
originally adopted, that the legislation apply both to signers and

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non-signers of fair trade contracts for the protection of the
public welfare. It must be remembered that as yet, the new
Florida law has not been challenged in Court.

New Jersey

In the so-called “invoice legend” case brought against Charmley
by McKesson and Robbins and Johnson & Johnson to test the
validity of the invoice legend form of fair trade contract, the Court
held that an invoice on which the minimum resale price is stamped
is not a legitimate fair trade contract even though signed by the
retailer because the retailer is obliged to sign in order to receive
delivery of the merchandise.

In two other cases, both against Weissbard, the Court’s opinion
was based on the 19 51 iSchwegmann decision and therefore held that
fair trade minimum could not be enforced against non-signers in
transactions involving Interstate Commerce. However, it is the con¬
census of opinion of many lawyers that if a case was instituted now
in New Jersey against a non-signer, it would 'be upheld because the
Court pointed out that the McGuire Act was not in effect when the
above suits were filed. The Court ruled that the McGuire Act cannot
be made retroactive to cover fair trade suits involving the non-signer
clause.

Maryland

One of the most sweeping decisions in 19 53 favorable to fair
trade since the McGuire Act was passed, was rendered by Judge
Chesnut of the Federal Court in Baltimore in the case of Sunbeam
vs. McMillan & Sons.

Judge Chesnut based his decision on Sub-section 4 of the
McGuire Act which provides that the making of a fair trade contract
or agreement or the exercise or enforcement of any right, whether
against non-signers or signers shall not constitute an unlawful
burden or restraint upon or interference with commerce.

The language of Sub-section 4, Judge Chesnut said, “seems very
clearly to indicate that in this McGuire Act clarifying and reaffirming
the Miller-Tydings Act, Congress was expressing its public policy to
the contrary of the Wentling decision on that point.”

The Wentling decision which many felt was not covered by the
McGuire Act at the time it was enacted, involved a mail order house
in Pennsylvania which sold merchandise to consumers in other
States below fair trade minimum prices. The Third Circuit Court of
Pennsylvania concluded in that case that the Miller-Tydings Act could
not be construed to legalize inter-state resales since that would
constitute restraint on Interstate Commerce.

Judge Chesnut quoted from the House Interstate Commerce
Committee report on the McGuire Bill to show that the purpose of
Sub-section 4 is to make State Fair Trade Laws “applicable to retail

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transactions and retail advertising which cross State lines and
specifically to remove the obstacles suggested by the Wentling
decision,”

Although the non-signer was not directly involved in the
McMillan Case as McMillan had signed a fair trade contract with
Sunbeam Corporation, Judge Chesnut said, “It will be noted that by
the McGuire Act, Congress definitely provided that re-sale price
maintenance policy in accord with and subject to the limitations of
the Miller-Tydings Act should be effective and binding on persons
“who are not parties thereto,” thus in effect changing, at least
as to the future, the result of the Schwegmann Case which had held
that the Miller-Tydings Act was not effective against non-signers.

So it can clearly be seen that Judge Chesnut’s decision takes
care of the Wentling loophole — validates the non-signer clause — and
reaffirms and clarifies the Miller-Tydings Law.

It might be well at this point to clarify what is meant by the
Wentling decision.

In 1951, the Third U. S. Circuit Court of Appeals in the case
of Sunbeam vs. S. A. Wentling held that a fair trade price estab¬
lished in one state was not binding on a non-signing retailer within
the state who sold goods to customers in another state, even if the
latter had a fair trade law. This ruling permitted fair trade to be
by-passed by mail order houses and others, through the simple
expedient of selling across state borders. Like the Schwegmann deci¬
sion, it weakened the effectiveness of Fair Trade Laws.

New York

In May 1953, the New York Supreme Court ruled that the
McGuire Act bars fair trade violations in direct mail sales across
state boundaries. This decision is the second court decision to hold
that the McGuire Act takes care of the Wentling loophole, the
first being as previously stated, the Federal Court of Maryland.

Another important case that will probably reach the United
States Supreme Court will be Masters, Inc., New York’s largest
and most aggressive discount house against the General Electric
Company. Masters has already been enjoined by the Courts from
selling General Electric’s fair traded small household appliances
at less than minimum store prices established by General Electric.

Some legal authorities have already commented that the eco¬
nomic principle under which a manufacturer is permitted to fix
minimum retail prices on his products in all fair trade states may
well stand or fall on the final disposition of the Masters-General
Electric dispute when and if it reaches the United States Supreme
Court as it most likely will.

Counsel for Masters has already stated that when the case is
heard before the Appellate Division it will attack on the ground

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that the New York Fair Trade Act (Fells-Crawford) and the McGuire
Act are both unconstitutional. Master’s counsel will attempt to
show that the Fells-^Crawford Act deprives Masters of liberty and
proiperty without due process of law. Counsel will also contend
that the McGuire Act is an unconstitutional delegation to the states
of Congressional power over interstate commerce. Master’s counsel
will also contend that General Electric’s fair trade contracts with
retailers restrain trade and so violates the Sherman Act. At the
present time, Masters and the New Orleans Supermarket owner —
Schwegmann Bros, are practically in the same legal position and
both seem to be headed toward the U. S. Supreme Court. The future
of fair trade will depend upon the outcome of these two cases.

California

In May 1953, the California State Supreme Court in the case
of Cal-Dak Company vs. Sav-on-Drugs, unanimously upheld the
State’s fair trade law, thus making the non-signer clause in the
California Fair Trade Act binding in interstate commerce.

This is a very important decision because it is the first high
state court ruling which recognizes the validity of the McGuire Act.

The Court said, “It is clear according to plaintiff’s complaint
that defendant’s acts in offering the baskets for sale below the
price fixed is a violation of the Fair Trade Act, for thereunder a con¬
tract relating to the resale of a commodity which bears a trade
mark may provide that the buyer will not resell except at the
price stipulated by the vendor, and the violation of the contract is
unfair competition and actionable even though the violator is not
a party to the contract — did not sign it. Defendant is not a party
to the contract between plaintiff and its jobber.

The Supreme Court remanded the case to the lower court with
the suggestion that it determine whether interstate commerce was
involved in the fair trade violations prior to the 1952 change in the
law.

In conclusion, we can only be hopeful that when the Lilly vs.
Schwegmann case reaches the United States Supreme Court in the
very near future, the Court will uphold the McGuire Act.

It is the opinion of many able legal minds that the verdict will be
favorable to Eli Lilly. If so, then fair trade will have smooth sailing
for many years to come.

McGuire Act

Unless and until the United States Supreme Court holds other¬
wise, the McGuire Act does the following things:

1. It once again enables the states which have fair trade laws
to make the law fully effective.

2. By specifically including in its test the language of the
non-signer clause in the state fair trade laws, it validates the

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nonsigner clause with respect to interstate commerce, thus
returning fair trade to its status prior to the Schwegmann
descision.

3. Through its Section (4) the McGuire Act was designed to
meet the Wentling decision, thus restraining a retailer in
one fair trade state from violating fair trade prices iby
selling across state lines into another fair trade state,

(From news report of Fair Trade Bureau of Education.)

Respectfully submitted,

Charles S. Austin, Jr.

William J. Connor

Hyman Davidov

John Deans

Herman Drukman

Lester R. Martin

Ellis B. Myers, Co-Chairman

Simon Solomon, Chairman

At the conclusion of Mr. Solomon’s report, Mrs. Walters, the
Director of the Maryland Fair Trade Bureau was introduced to the
convention. Mrs. Walters thanked the druggists of the state who
had supported the efforts of the Fair Trade Bureau. She invited
all the druggists to help Fair Trade by maintaining the Bureau in
paying their Fair Trade dues. She put the services of the Bureau
at the disposal of the druggists at all times. Mrs. Goldstrom, Mrs.
Walters assistant in the bureau was then introduced. On behalf
of Mrs. Walters and herself, she thanked President Wagner for the
invitation to the convention and the opportunity to express them¬
selves.

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON T.A.M.P.A.

Joseph Binko, Sr., Chairman

Mr. President, members of the Maryland Pharmaceutical As¬
sociation:

Again it is convention time and it is indeed a pleasure for the
membership of M. Ph. A. and T.A.M.P.A. to join in their delibera¬
tions and merriment.

My committee is happy to report that under the plan of a gen¬
eral chairman of the convention, we were able to coordinate our ef¬
forts to assure you of a smooth working convention.

The members of the T.A.M.P.A. have planned the entertain¬
ment in conjunction with the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association
Committee and we hope it will meet with the approval of the con¬
vention. We are here to assist you in every way possible now and

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

in the future in the spirit of good fellowship and successful meet¬
ings. The T.A.M.P.A. is at your service.

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC RELATIONS
Lesser R. Martin, Chairman

Mr. President and Fellow-Members of the Maryland Pharma¬
ceutical Association:

In presenting the report of the 'Committee on Public Relations,
the Committee wishes to state that no meetings were held during
the year, and therefore it is with regret that we have no accomplish¬
ments to report. Although the preceeding Committee in its report
last year stressed the importance and recommended action of a pub¬
lic relations program, we have advanced no further this year than
we did the previous year. Wherein does the blame for inactivity lie?

If there ever was a need for an active public relations program,
it is now. In our estimation we have tarried too long already. Al¬
though the local and national pharmaceutical press has been full of
the philosophy of public relations, very little has actually been done
about it. We are spending too much time talking about it, and no
time putting our talk into action.

Public relations is a problem too big to be solved from a local
level. The plan must eminate from a national level. It is true that
some states and localities have advanced a little in public relations,
but their program will collapse unless it develops into a national
effort. The National Association of Retail Druggists has launched
a merchandising program to combat the inroads the super-markets,
variety stores and other outlets have made on products that were
solely confined to the drug store until a few years ago. What progress
the N.A.R.D. is making nationally we do not know. We do know
this, however, in Maryland they have made very little progress.
Whether their plan is good, bad or indifferent, it should be supported,
because it is a plan that is being carried out on a national scale, it
is planned by professional merchandisers, and if we do not cooperate
by backing up the promotion, how in the world are we ever going
to know whether it is good, bad or indifferent. We are also about
to launch a digest form monthly magazine on a national scale to be
known as the Family Digest for Better Health. This magazine will
give publicity to the drug store only, and will be sold in drug stores
only. The publishers will cooperate with the state associations to
the extent of placing paid advertisements in the state publication.
The magazine will retail for only ten cents. Even if the drug store
does not sell one magazine and gives copies away to their customers
free of chargp — this project should be supported by every drug
store in our state, and throughout the country.

The two promotional medias just cited could well be expanded

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S',

into radio, television, and newspaper coverage. It must be supported
with whole-hearted enthusiasm, however, and as previously stated,
the effort mus.t be on a national scale.

That education is necessary on the part of our retail druggists
is beyond question. They have been victimized by schemes in the
past and have become overly cautious and not prone to accept new
ideas promoting their business for their own best interests. This
education becomes the responsibility of the state Association, and
working committees must be set up to investigate each plan and
approve or disapprove it. Each store should be advised of the de¬
cision of the Committee and urged to support those approved.

The individual pharmacist as an independent business man has
the power to control his own destiny for the betterment of drug-
public-relationship. He meets his own public, he is well versed in
the scientific techniques of Pharmacy. He knows the customers and
families that visit his store, he knows their problems, he knows their
likes and dislikes, he is the community confidant. What could be
more conducive to good public relations, that really no other business
is in a competitive position to offer in opposition? The independent
druggist must develop this composite personality in order to survive
the supers and the shopping centers. He holds the fate of his own
survival in the palm of his hand. The balance will tip in favor of
his own personal strength or weakness.

At this convention assembled, we urge that the new officers
and Executive Committee give the foregoing serious consideration
and set up the proper machinery to carry on an active, effective,
public relations program. The Secretary should be instructed to take
this matter up at the forthcoming meeting of State Secretaries in
Salt Lake City. It is with apology that we submit this report and
hope the new committee will do a better job.

REPORT OF COMMIHEE ON VIGILANCE
Alexander J. Ogrinz, Jr., Chairman

The Vigilance Committee has had one meeting (May 8, 1953)
since the Regional Meeting at Annapolis. A copy of the report given
at the Regional Meeting is attached hereto. The last meeting which
was a joint meeting of the city and state organization was presided
over by Herman Drukman.

The problem of selling legend drugs over the counter was the
topic of discussion. A test check of the state was proposed and in
all probability will take place — this would be undertaken by both
the city and state associations. The results from such a check would
be valuable data for officers of both associations. It is recommended
to the chairman of this committee for 1953-54 to persevere to this
end.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

To emphasize the importance of this work, we include the fol¬
lowing article from the Evening Sun;

Sleeping Pills Linked To Youth Problem

Washington, April 14 — The sale of sleeping pills and
other drugs has been described by Government officials as
an “acute” problem linked with juvenile delinquency in
many communities.

C. W. Crawford, commissioner of the Food & Drug-
Administration, in testimony to the House Appropriations
Committee, said his agency’s inspectors have run into ser¬
ious problems in the field in Dallas, Houston, New Orleans,
Boston, Denver and Seattle.

Crawford’s testimony was made public by the com¬
mittee today.

There are 55,000 retail drug stores and an underter-
mined number of other sources of sleeping pills and other
drugs — all dangerous when taken without advice of a doc¬
tor, the committee was told.

“The most important of these,” said George P. Lar-
rick, deputy commissioner, “are the sleeping pills, where
juveniles will take the sleeping pills to go on a binge and
then take the stimulent drugs, like the amphetamines, to
overcome the later depressing effects of the sleeping pills.”

Larrick said inspectors found one drug store in Dallas
which was selling 250 doses of barbiturates daily, using
runners to supply youthful customers around high schools
and parks.

A similar situation, he said, was found in Houston.

And he added that a six-month survey in New Orleans
turned up fifteen drug stores handling drugs illegally.

Crawford told the committee his agency would like to
triple its staff over a five-year period to intensify its fight
against dangerous drug distribution, “economic cheats”
and sellers of impure foods.

The Vigilance Committee, with one exception, has always held
its meetings for reasons of settling complaints of members of the
association. The year of 1953 to date has not brought a single com¬
plaint before the committee and a general meeting has therefore
not been called. We are hoping this greatly diminished number of
complaints is due to the very informative number of articles appear¬
ing in journals, both local and national — all attempting to interpret
and make practical the various phases of the Durham-Humphrey Bill.
These interpretations together with the alignment of Maryland
Laws — particularly these of the Barbiturates should make it a lot
easier for all druggists to conform to the regulations set forth.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

I should like to take a moment at this time to make mention
of a siLuaiion which has arisen in our city within the last few days —
so recent that there has not been time enough to call a meeting for
its discussion.

Our job, whenever reprimanding has been done, has always
been against the retail druggist — whenever the subject of substitu¬
tion has arisen, the committee has more or less sided with the manu¬
facturer, and has preached conformation to the druggist. However,
it now seems that certain manufacturers or agents of same, are cry¬
ing out substitution, or provacation of substitution, when all the
retail druggist is guilty of is that of detailing the physician and
asking him to write for a product by its generic name instead of
its proprietary name.

It seems to me that any pharmacist should be permitted to
detail a physician and ask him to prescribe drugs by their generic
name instead of proprietary names, a few examples which hurriedly
came to mind are, Elixir Phenobarbital, Elixer Buta Barbital, Elixir
Pentabarbital, Penicillin Tablets 200,000U each, Cortisone Acetate
Tablets and many others.

It has been recounted that on« of our druggists had mentioned
to several physicians the fact that some of the above products were
available under the generic name and also at a lesser cost to the
patient. Almost at once a representative of a manufacturer, mak¬
ing the same preparation under a trade name, and at very nearly
double the cost, has engineered the cry of substitution or advocation
of substitution against this druggist. Please understand the com¬
mittee does not condone the use of a generically named product
when a product is prescribed for by its trade name — but it will
wholeheartedly stand by any retail druggist who wishes to detail
his own store as well as having physicians prescribe preparations by
generic names as long as these products are pharmaceutically ac¬
cepted and conform to the standards of the public health service.
A following report which will probably be given at our convention
will most likely carry the developments of the above case.

REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON CIVIL DEFENSE
Samuel I. Raichlen, Chairman

We pharmacists in Civil Defense can only advance in the degree
that the other health groups progress. We must particularly hold
ourselves in check so that we do not over-run the physician. In the
final analysis, we can only move as fast as they move, however even
with restraint, we have progressed remarkably. State-wide there
have been set up 211 Casualty Stations and pharmacists have been
assigned to almost all of them. In the City of Baltimore there have
been set up 98 Casualty Stations and we have assigned three pharma¬
cists to each Station and at the beginning of the next school term.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

we hope to assign members of the third and fourth year classes as
assistants at those Stations. We are now awaiting word from the
hospitals as to the number of pharmacists that they will need, so
that we can assign pharmacists for hospital duty. We are also in
the process of compiling a questionnaire to be sent to the pharma¬
cists in the counties so that we can get a better count on their ac¬
tivities.

On December 13th and 14th last, our State Association and City
Association sent me to Kansas City, to the National Medical Civil
Defense Conference. I participated in the proceedings and I am not
going to bore you with the actual proceedings but I would like to
read you a few words from these proceedings — I just received them
the other day. It was after participation on the floor and in pre¬
senting a return that we have been using in Maryland that General
Williams, who is chief of Medical Services for the State of Maryland
Civil Defense, said that it was a full discussion and that he ques¬
tioned that fact that we could assign men the way we have been
assigning them and questioned the fact that we could get coopera¬
tion from these men. I would like to say this, in the City of Balti¬
more, in assigning three men to each Casualty Station, we had
exactly one refusal — only one pharmacist refused to take an assign¬
ment. General Williams said this on the floor — “I want to thank
Mr. Raichlen and the pharmacists as a group in the State of Mary¬
land, they have done a remarkable job and it is through their efforts
and their enthusiasm that we have been able to achieve the results
that we have and I think that is a compliment to all pharmacists
in the State of Maryland.”

In closing, I want to take this opportunity to thank the presi¬
dents of both the State and City Associations for their splendid co¬
operation as well as the many pharmacists who have given unstint-
ingly of their time and helpfulness — thanks very much.

At the conclusion of the reports, President Wagner thanked the
Chairmen and Committeemen of all the committees for their reports
and their accomplishments throughout the year.

He then appointed the following to serve on the nomination
committee:

Frank L. Black, Chairman

Charles S. Austin, Jr., Frank Block, Howard L. Gordy and
Simon Solomon

The following were named on the Resolutions Committee:

Dean Noel E. Foss, Chairman

Dr. L. M. Kantner, Howard L. Gordy and Lester R. Martin

Mr. Wagner in adjourning the first session of the convention,
noted that all reports had been given and it would not be necessary
to take the time of following sessions for this purpose.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

'll

SECOND SESSION

Wednesday, June 1 7fh

The second session of the Seventy-first Annual Convention was
called to order by President Wagner at 9:30 A.M.

Rabbi Joseph Grossman, Beth Israel Congregation, Salisbury,
Maryland delivered the invocation.

The President then introduced Frank Block, President of the
Baltimore Retail Druggists’ Association; A. J. Ogrinz, Jr., President
of the School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Alumni Associa¬
tion; and Otto W. Muehlhause, President, Baltimore Branch Ameri¬
can Pharmaceutical Association.

At this point Vice President Otto W. Muehlhause took over
the chair. He then presented President Wagner who gave his an¬
nual report to the convention which follows.

PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE
Manuel B. Wagner

Our Grovernment

In the year which passed since our last meeting here, events
of vast importance have taken place. Here at home, a new President
occupies the White House, and a new political regime is in the course
of development. These have brought with them significent changes
in economic thinking, and have established new governmental
concepts.

The new administration and the new regime are, in many ways,
in striking contrast with the New Deal and Fair Deal, which remained
in control of the government for about twenty years. Obviously,
the Eisenhower administration, and his political party, will seek
objectives and devote themselves to aims and purposes which differ
both in nature and degree from the administrations which proceeded
it.

This, to me, is all to the good, because in a democracy such as
ours, the people are in charge of the government, and have the power
and duty to change governmental courses and political policies when
this seems wise and desirable. The people, in this case, have mani¬
fested a desire to have General Eisenhower serve as President, and
to entrust to him and his political party the welfare of this nation,
certainly for the next four years.

I mention this, merely to emphasize that it would seem to be
the duty of everyone, irrespective of party affiliations or partisan
connections, to give the President the fullest measure of support and
cooperation. The more he succeeds in his worthy objectives. <^he
better for the country as a whole.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

'i2

But, upon a close analysis of the situation, we are impressed
with the fact that the changes have more to do with form than with
substance. By this I mean that the same problems are with us, and
the same dangers confront us. We are continuing, as of course we
must, our vast expenditures for national defense and national se¬
curity. In consequence of this situation, we are burdened with ex¬
haustive, back-breaking taxation, and all of the problems, vexations
and irritations with which Mr. Truman had to contend.

From an international standpoint, conditions similar to those
which confronted Mr. Truman now confront Mr. Eisenhower. The
Korean war continues a most serious problem, the solution of which
seems far away. East and West are in drastic, indeed, dangerous
opposition. World tensions have perhaps become still more irri¬
tated, and international friendship and cooperation much more of a
dream than a reality.

So, as far as substance is concerned, the conditions here at
home, and abroad, which faced our country a year ago, still remain
to plague, confound and confuse us. We can only do now as we did
then — earnestly hope and fervently pray that Divine Providence
will look kindly upon a world distraught with fears, hatreds and
intrigues so that man may not become a victim of his own folly.

Fair Trade

There have been many important changes, also, in our own field
since we last met in Ocean City. The McGuire Bill, aimed at setting
aside the Supreme Court holding in the Schwegmann case, was
passed by Congress and signed by President Truman. The purpose of
the Bill, as you know, was to require the non-signer to observe fair
trade minimum prices with respect to the sale of fair trade products,
and also to set aside the ruling in the Wentling case which, had it
been allowed to stand, would have made fair trade null and void
insofar as it applied to a dealer in one state shipping goods into
another.

The McGuire Bill seems to have been very carefully drawn,
because it has stood up well in the courts. In New Jersey and Mary¬
land, court opinions have been handed down, which clearly indicate
that the McGuire Act will meet the judicial test. It has been speci¬
fically decided that the McGuire Act is sufficient to hold the non¬
signer in line, and that it has succeeded in nullifying the decision
in the Wentling case.

The final test of the McGuire Act will come when the suit
brought by Eli Lilly and Company against Schwegmann reaches the
United States Supreme Court, which may well be early in the fall
term. Careful observers of this suit have come to the optimistic con¬
clusion that the Supreme Court will uphold the McGuire Act, thus
perpetuating the fair trade cause.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

-'i3

I use the term “perpetuate” because an adverse decision by the
Supreme Court would, in all probability, be the death knell of the
whole fair trade cause. Indeed, the Supreme Court will be faced
with the solemn task of deciding whether fair trade will live or
whether it will die, so vital are the issues which the Lilly-Schweg-
mann case involve.

Since the McGuire Act was passed, there have been some dis¬
turbing and unfortunate fair trade decisions upon the part of the
high courts in Michigan and Georgia. These courts have held that
their respective fair trade laws are invalid, because of their conflict
with the due process clause in the State Constitutions.

On the other hand, the highest court in California, faced with
the same issues, has declared the state fair trade act fully consistent
with the California Constitution. These differences in judicial think¬
ing would seem to indicate that the State courts are not too sure
of their ground, and that State Supreme Court decisions, on the
whole, will be favorable to fair trade in the event that the United
States Supreme Court upholds Eli Lilly and Company in the Schweg-
mann case.

From a study of all the facts available, it would seem quite
clear that the future of fair trade now rests with the courts, and
that no one can be sure of what lies ahead until the court battles
are brought to a final conclusion.

The Durham-Humphrey Act

The Durham-Humphrey Act still continues a matter of consid¬
erable importance to us. It should be borne in mind that pharmacy
did not initiate the conditions which gave rise to the Durham-
Humphrey Act.

It will be recalled that at the Atlantic City meeting of the Na¬
tional Association of Retail Druggists, Dr. Paul Dunbar, head of
the Food and Drug Administration, made the dogmatic and startling
statement that no prescription could be refilled. A prescription, he
contended, was like a check, and a check, having been once cashed,
becomes null and void.

A prescription, he insisted, called for a certain amount of a
designated drug, and when the drug had been dispensed in the
quantity prescribed, the prescription became null and void. Dr.
Dunbar’s dogma, which he claimed was based upon the clear and ex¬
plicit language of the food, drug and cosmetic act, threw the phar¬
maceutical profession into consternation. No one had ever con¬
tended that prescription refilling was contrary to the food, drug and
cosmetic act, and certainly it had long been the established custom
both with the medical and pharmaceutical professions.

Faced with Dr. Dunbar’s bomb-shell, the pharmaceutical pro¬
fession had no other recourse than to go to Congress and demand

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

'I't

that the food, drug and cosmetic act be revised so as to permit, as
fully as was consistent with public health, the refilling of prescrip¬
tions. This, the Durham-Humphrey Act has accomplished.

Today, prescriptions calling for non-legend drugs may be re¬
filled at will, and those calling for legend drugs may be refilled
upon the authorization of the prescribing physician. Also, under
the terms of the bill, oral prescriptions are made lawful and the
refilling of prescriptions may be done by the pharmacist, upon the
oral authorization of the physician.

But, while putting the pharmacist in the clear with respect to
the filling and refilling of prescriptions, the Durham-Humphrey Act
has brought additional problems. The effect of the law is to make
only two classes of drug products (1), those which bear the pre¬
scription legend; and (2), those which do not.

This is important, because many of the drug products which
no longer bear the prescription legend have generally been dispensed
on prescription. Now that these drugs no longer bear the prescrip¬
tion legend, there is a possibility that many of them may become
mere articles of commerce, and thus find their way to the consumer
in many non-drug outlets.

So, while the Durham-Humphrey Act has taken care of some
of our professional problems, it may well become a factor in
the intensified competition now facing the drug store from all sides.

Legend Drugs

The Durham-Humphrey Act has now passed the period of read¬
justment and no further excuses will be tolerated by the Food &
Drug Administration, such as being ignorant of the regulations with
respect to legend drugs.

During the past few months there have been numerous convic¬
tions of retail pharmacists by the Federal Government for over-the-
counter sales of prescription legend drugs. The law is very plain
and simply says that no legend drug can be dispensed without a pre¬
scription.

If those who are guilty of such practices would alone have to
pay the penalty it would not be so bad, but such conduct is also em¬
barrassing to those retail pharmacists who lean over backward to
obey the law. Furthermore, it also undermines public confidence
in the integrity of the profession as a whole.

It is my fervent plea that every retail pharmacist dispense pres¬
cription legend drugs only as authorized under the Durham-
Humphrey Act.

PDA Inspection of Drug Stores

The Durham-Humphrey Act has also precipitated another con¬
troversy, having to do with the right of the Food and Drug Admin-

The M A RY L A:N D PHARMACIST

istration to inspect retail drug stores. Ever since 1906, when the
Food and Drugs Act was originally passed, the FDA has exercised
the power of inspection over manufacturing plants where foods or
drugs were produced.

Due to faulty and ambiguous language in the Food, Drug and
Cosmetic Act, this power to inspect plants concerned with the manu¬
facture of foods, drugs, and cosmetics, was set aside in a recent de¬
cision by the United States Supreme Court. Once this decision was
rendered, the FDA found itself drastically handicapped in the ad¬
ministration and enforcement of the law. Indeed, much of Its en¬
forcement policies were based upon the authority to make factory
inspections. The power being essential to good enforcement work,
the FDA immediately went to Congress for legislation restoring to
it the power for the authority to make factory inspections.

In writing the proposed legislation, FDA contended that inas¬
much as the Durham-Humphrey Act gives it authority over the fill¬
ing and refilling of prescriptions, it must be empowered to inspect
prescription files, prescription drug stocks, and to inspect invoices
and other data which, to it at least, are essential to the enforce¬
ment of the Durham-Humphrey Act.

This, it seems to me, is an unwarranted demand upon the part
of FDA. Retail drug stores are subject to the provisions and re¬
quirements of the State Pharmacy Act. In pursuance of their duties,
state authorities exercise the right of inspection. Here in Maryland,
drug stores are inspected many times throughout the year, under the
supervision of the director of drug control who, as you know, is an
official of the Maryland State Department of Health.

This inspection service is completely adequate, and thus, there
would seem no justification to impose increased interference and
harrassment by federal authorities, such as would inevitably be the
case, if the FDA is given authority to include drug stores within its
factory inspection law.

I hope that a resolution will be adopted at this convention, ex¬
pressing our opposition to any legislation which gives the FDA
power to make inspections of retail drug stores, and that a copy
of the resolution be sent to Maryland members of both Houses of
Congress.

Robinson-Patman Act

I urge, too, that a resolution be adopted expressing our vigorous
opposition to the provisions of any legislation which would weaken
or impair the passage of the Robinson-Patman Act. The Robinson-
Patman Act was the result of “blood, sweat and tears” so far as retail
pharmacy is concerned. It was the result of a most intense cam¬
paign aimed at securing legislation which would prohibit unfair

Jt6 The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

price discriminations and rebates and handouts of all kinds which we
know are available to a few and denied to others.

The Robinson-Patman Act makes it obligatory upon the part of
a manufacturer to give identical prices to all his outlets which are
similarly situated. Put another way, the Act makes it unlawful for
the manufacturer to give one distributor or group of distributors
a price which he refuses to give to other distributors of the same
general character.

The Robinson-Patman Act, quite naturally, has been a thorn
in the side of many business interests, and these interests are now
using clever and devious ways to have the Act amended so as to put
the manufacturer in a position again to discriminate in their favor
and to enable them to give hand-outs and rebates without fear of
criminal prosecution.

This is, of course, a matter of utmost importance to retail phar¬
macists, and we should join the pharmacists in all other states in
an unyielding demand that Congress enact no legislation which
would in any way permit the return of the unfair business practices
which the Robinson-Patman Act was intended to completely remove
from the field of competition.

This is important simply because the competitive problems fac¬
ing the retail drug store are becoming intensified day after day. In
fact, I think it can be said that perhaps at no time in the history of
the retail drug business has the competitive picture presented a
more ominous scene.

Super Market Competition

We hear on all sides of the super-threat of the super-markets
and other non-drug outlets moving more and more into the distribu¬
tion of the various types of drug store merchandise. This competi¬
tion is tough, and is bound to get tougher, for reasons which I think
obvious, but which, nevertheless, has not been studied too carefully
by ourselves.

It is undoubtedly true that retailers in all lines of distribution
are operating under adverse conditions; conditions which can only
be alleviated and improved by an ever-increasing volume of sales.
The big food chains have reached a point where by their own ad¬
mission, their profit is a shade less than one cent per sales dollar.

Rising costs of operation, heavy taxation, and other economic
pressures, have confronted every retail outlet with a drastic profit
squeeze. This situation, which could be largely amplified, has re¬
sulted in a rising tide of competition which confronts the retail drug
store and all other outlets.

I mention this fact because it is necessary for us to understand
it if we, as operators of retail drug stores, are going to maintain a

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

firm place for ourselves in this period of competitive stress and
strain.

It stands to reason that no position we take, or no resolution
which we adopt, will in any sense lessen the competitive pressures
bearing upon us. These pressures, in my judgment, can only be off¬
set by intelligent effort on our part which gives rise to hard work,
aggressive merchandising, and the fullest utilization of those meth¬
ods and factors which add up to competitive strength and distribu¬
tional efliciency.

We have reached the point where the drug store must be realis¬
tic, and not waste any time on wishful thinking. It should be our
determination to make the drug store survive as a drug store, and
we should also make up our minds that our survival depends en¬
tirely upon ourselves, and not upon anyone else.

If we should make the mistake of looking to the manufacturer
to protect us against the rising tide of competition, we shall find
ourselves grasping at nothing more than a mere illusion.

Just to point up the competitive situation, let me list some of
the articles handled by drug stores which are also handled by many
other kinds of stores. The products listed are out in the open so far
as competition is concerned, and the major volume of them will un¬
doubtedly go to the outlet which does the best merchandising job.

As I read the list, you will note that many of the products were
long closely identified with the drug store, but in recent years, have
found their way into super-markets, variety stores, specialty shops,
department stores, and to many other kinds of stores which handle,
to some degree, many of the products which I shall mention.

The mere reading of the list should show you what our dis¬
tributional problem is, and how we must seek to place our stores
in a position to do an outstanding job in the distribution of these
products.

Here is the list: tooth pastes, dentifrices, mouth washes, tooth
brushes, hair oils, shampoos, shaving soaps, shaving creams, shaving
brushes, hair brushes, soaps, toiletries and cosmetics, cameras, photo¬
graphic supplies, cigars, cigarettes, baby foods, baby goods, spices,
flavoring extracts, writing paper, school supplies, razor blades, raz¬
ors, nail files, nail brushes, candy, sponges, wash clothes, cleansing
tissues, sanitary napkins, thermos bottles, fountain pens, pencils,
writing accessories, bottled soft drinks, toilet paper, greeting cards,
tissue paper, not to mention many, many others.

Now, so far as legislation is concerned, or public necessity, we
must admit that the foregoing articles are merely articles of com¬
merce, and thus available to any distributor who sees fit to handle
them. This statement is worthy of emphasis, because it points up
in a very graphic way the job confronting us if we are going to give

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

the drug store a firm competitive footing in the handling of these
products,

I urge every member of the Association to study this matter
earnestly, and with an open mind, as it is only through such a pro¬
cedure that we can adopt a winning policy for retail drug stores.
We have a fight on our hands, and wei might as well realize it. We
should realize also that the fight is ours, and whether we sink or
swim depends upon our own individual and collective performance.

In connection with this thought, let me warn against any ex¬
cessive, unbridled commercial spree which might further confuse
the public with respect to the basic aspects of the retail drug store.
While I urge, as emphatically as I can, that we place our stores in
a position to do a completely modern merchandising job, let us see
to it that we do not undermine the drug store as a drug store.

If we fail to assure the survival of the drug store as a drug
store, we have failed to meet the competitive pressures as they should
be met.

Public Relations

If you have followed me closely in this address, I am sure it
has occurred to you that if there ever was a time when we as phar¬
macists should be attentive to our relations with the public, that
time is now. One of the best ways of assuring public preference for
the drug store in the purchase of the products to which I referred
above, is to make the public more appreciative of the part the drug
store plays in community life.

We should make it our business to have every drug store a good
drug store — good in every sense of the term. We should be as astute
as we possibly can in making the public pharmacy-conscious so that,
of its own accord, it will tend to differentiate between the drug store
on the one hand and the non-drug outlets on the other.

We have heard a lot about public relations in recent years, but
the time has come, as I see it, to take this out of the mere talk stage
and make it the objective of intelligent action. The public will de¬
cide whether it will buy its tooth pastes, shaving creams, cosmetics
and toilet articles, and the many other items to which I called your
attention, in the super-markets, variety stores, department stores,
or whether it will tend to concentrate its purchases in drug stores.

The public therefore becomes of paramount importance in any
and everything which has to do with modern competition.

It is to be hoped that our Association can evolve some workable
program by means of which pharmacy can achieve and hold a high
place in publio estimation. Such a program confronts each of us
with a challenge which must be successfully met if the drug store
is to retain that place in the competitive scheme to which we know
it is entitled.

The M ARY L A]^ D P H A R YI A C I 8 T

/,!)

Maintain Professional Status

In this address, I have mentioned the prescription department
and the drug department of the drug store, simply because we all
know that these are basic to the retail drug store as a professional
and distributional institution, and it is to be taken for granted that
all of us are paying them the attention which they merit.

Every pharmacist should make it his major concern to have
his prescription department conducted on the highest possible plane
so that it will be a credit to him and to his profession. The same
should be true of our drug and pharmaceutical departments. These
are largely ours and ours alone, and we should utilize them as the
very keystone of our public relations.

If we ourselves fail pharmacy in the conduct of our drug stores,
we become very costly liabilities to our profession.

Substitution

Substitution is a vicious practice that is detrimental to the pro¬
fession of pharmacy. It is a cancer which will soon reach the stage
that no amount of surgery can be of any help if the ethical manu¬
facturers and retail pharmacists do not soon take a determined
stand to eliminate those unscrupulous fellows who have no desire to
have prescription practice conducted on the highest level possible.
The adverse publicity which substitution has received during the
past few years has certainly depreciated the professional stature
of pharmacy.

This is a fight that your officers can not carry out alone. They
must have the wholehearted support and cooperation of all its mem¬
bers who are professionally and ethically minded.

I feel that the Association should go on record as vigorously
condemning the manufacturers of substitute, imitation and counter¬
feit prescription products and that the evils which these products
emphasize should be cut off at the manufacturer’s level. I also
plead with my fellow pharmacists to repudiate such products and
refuse to have their stores in any way identified with these highly
unethical prescription products. Such practices readily discredits
pharmacy as a public health profession.

Unethical Practices Between Physician and Phannacist

I believe the Association should go on record as strenuously
condemning the giving of expensive and exorbitant gifts to physicians
as a means of influencing the physician to sending prescriptions to
certain drug stores, as such a practice is highly detrimental to the
progress and development of pharmacy along sound professional
and ethical lines.

Only a few weeks ago at a pharmacist-physician panel held by
a retail drug association in a nearby state, expensive gifts to some

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

physicians was one of the things which the physician speakers deeply
resented.

In this connection, I would like to recommend that every retail
pharmacist read a book called “The Physician Himself” written in
18 89 by Dr. D. W. Cathell, who at that time was located at 1308 N.
Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland. In this book he devotes an
entire chapter of seventeen pages relative to physician-pharmacist
relationship and I would like to quote an excerpt to show that ap¬
parently even as far back as 65 years ago, it is evident that such
an evil as stated above also existed. It reads as follows;

“It would be wrong, wrong in every light, to go hand in hand
with a pharmacist, receive from him a percentage on your pre¬
scriptions as payment for sending them to his store and for this
reason: Were you to accept such an offer, it would be robbing
the purse of either the pharmacist or the patient. Were the
former to allow you ten cents for each prescription, and reim¬
burse himself by adding that amount to the sum charged the
patient for the remedy, it could not be looked upon in any other
light than that you had combined to fleece ten extra cents from
every poor sufferer who trusted to your honor, just as you would
look upon a lawyer who took fees from both sides. On the
other hand, if the pharmacist had more honesty than you and
allowed you to shear ten cents from his legitimate profit, because
compelled to do so or lose your influence, it would place you
(physician) in a most contemptible position, and you would
live in constant danger of exposure and an indignant public sen¬
timent that the strength of Hercules could not, and the angry
God of Justice would not arrest.”

“Honesty,” said he, “is the great Keystone; without it, the
whole arch of honor falls. You must live, and must have fees
to enable you to do so, but unless you obtain every dollar and
every dime honestly and honorable, you can not escape the
finger of scorn.”

Appreciation

I consider it a great honor to have served as president of our
Association this year. It has been a most interesting and construc¬
tive year. We have seen the completion and dedication of the Kelly
Memorial building, which now houses so beautifully and effectively
our Association activities.

While we have on several occasions expressed our deep and
sincere appreciation and gratitude to Dr. H. A. B. Dunning for his
masterful leadership of the Kelly Memorial campaign, as president
of the Association, I wish again to extend to him our thanks and ap¬
preciation for his monumental achievement.

T li e MARYLAND PHARMACIST

I want also to extend my best wishes to Melville Strasburger,
who, after many years of devoted service to the Association, re¬
linquished his duties a few months ago. I know you share my hope
that he will live many years, and that he will be happy and con¬
tented in the leisure years which lie ahead.

I wish also to extend my congratulations to Joseph Cohen who
now serves as secretary of our Association. While he has been in
office only a few months, it is quite clear that he has the capacity, the
knowledge and know-how to do the job which pharmacy needs to
have done in this state. He is well trained, widely experienced, and
gifted with that sense of responsibility which I am sure will prove
a real asset to us as he works and labors in our behalf, I doubt that
a more competent person could have been chosen, and I am sure
that you join me in wishing him every measure of success as he
becomes more fully integrated into the work of the Association.

He is, as I see it, the right man in the right place at the right

time.

I wish also to express my deep and sincere thanks to my fellow
officers, committee members, and to all who have had a hand in
the affairs of our Association this past year. It has been a team¬
work performance, and one for which I am deeply grateful.

I wish to give special praise to the Travelers Auxiliary, our be¬
loved TAMPA. The members of this body, as you know, are tireless
in their efforts on behalf of this Association. No task is too heavy,
and no burden too great for them graciously to accept. While we
are inclined to take them for granted throughout the year, certainly
at convention time we should single them out for a hearty word of
praise, and this I gladly and cheerfully do now.

It has been a real honor to serve this Association during this
eventful year, the memory of which shall always be cherished by me
as a priceless remembrance. I am thankful beyond measure that you
have expressed sufficient confidence in me as a fellow pharmacist
to entrust me with the presidency of our splendid Association for
this year.

Again, my profound thanks!

President Wagner’s address was well received. Chairman
Muehlhause then called on Dr. L. M. Kantner to submit his report
on the Board of Pharmacy.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

ANNUAL REPORT
OP THE

MARYLAND BOARD OF PHARMACY
1952—1953

L. M. Kantner, Secretary

This report is submitted to His Excellency Theodore R. McKel-
din, Oovernor of Maryland, and to the Maryland Pharmaceutical
Association, in accordance with the provisions as set forth in Section
245 of Article 43 of the Annotated Code of Maryland, This is the
fiftieth report made to the Governor of the State and the fortieth to
the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association, and covers the activities
of the Board for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1953.

Personnel

The Board held twelve meetings during the year. It met at the
Commander Hotel, Ocean City, Maryland on June 17, during the
annual convention of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association, and
reorganized for the ensuing year, re-electing Mr. Charles S. Austin,
Jr., president and Mr. L. M, Kantner, secretary-treasurer. The other
members of the Board are Messrs. T. Ellsworth Ragland, S. Earl
Webster, and Arthur C. Harbaugh.

As Mr. Austin’s term would expire on April 3 0, 19 53, the
Nominating Committee submitted to the Association the following
names to be recommended to the Governor for membership on the
Board, one of whom the Governor will select to succeed Mr. Austin:

Charles S. Austin, Jr., Baltimore
Otto W. Muehlhause, Baltimore
Harry L. Schrader, Baltimore

On June 1, Governor McKeldin re-appointed Mr. Austin for a
term of five years.

ExominaHon

Two of the Board meetings were held for the purpose of con¬
ducting examinations for registration as pharmacists. These exami¬
nations were held at the School of Pharmacy of the University of
Maryland on November 24-26, 1952, and on June 22-25, 1953.

There were twelve candidates for the November examination,
eight of whom were successful. Seventy candidates were examined at
the June examination. Because of the size of the class for this
examination, it was necessary to extend the examinations over a four-
day period, and the class was divided into two groups for the
laboratory work.

The M ARY L D PHARMACIST

The subjects assigned at the examinations were as follows:

Pharmacy and Jurisprudence . S. Earl Webster

Materia Medica and Toxicology . iCharles S. Austin, Jr.

Chemistry . Arthur €. Harbaugh

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Problems . L. M. Kantner

Practical Pharmacy . . . . . .T. Ellsworth Ragland

Record of Examinai'ions Held

November 24-25-26, 1952

Applicants Passed

12 8

Withheld

June 22-23-24-25, 1953

Applicants Passed

70 57

Withheld

Failed

Total Number Examined for Registration as Pharmacists

Applicants Passed Withheld Failed

82 65 89

A day and a half were devoted to written examinations and the
same time to laboratory work. Candidates who have not completed
the required twelve months of practical pharmacy experience are
not permitted to take the practical pharmacy examination, but are
examined in the theoretical subjects, and when they have completed
their practical experience and passed an examination in practical
pharmacy, are granted registration.

The consensus of opinion among the boards of pharmacy
throughout the country is that a period of practical pharmacy experi¬
ence subsequent to graduation should be a prerequisite to registra¬
tion. This view is held by many pharmacists who complain that
graduates as a class are lacking in practical drug store experience,

A committee of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association has
been studying this subject for several years, and it has recommended
that the twelve months of practical pharmacy experience as required
by law be continued a a prerequisite to registration, and that four
m.onths of this experience be acquired subsequent to graduation
from a college of pharmacy.

At the Board meeting held on May 21, the presidents of the
Maryland Pharmaceutical Association and the Baltimore Retail
Druggists’ Association as well as the secretary of these associations,
Mr. Joseph Cohen, Dean Noel E. Foss and Dr. Benjamin F. Allen,
School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, and Mr. Max M. Zervitz,
chairman of the Committee on Practical Experience of the Maryland
Pharmaceutical Association, were invited so that this topic might be
thoroughly discussed.

The MAR YLATfD PHARMACIST

As a result oif this meeting, a resolution was adopted that legis¬
lation be sought to legalize this requirement and that it become
effective in 19 57. The reason for setting the effective date so far
in advance was because this requirement should not affect the present
student body, who entered the School of Pharmacy with the under¬
standing they would be eligible for registration upon graduation,
provided they met all the requirements then in vogue. The first class
on which this requirement will have a bearing will be those matricu¬
lating next fall.

This requirement may affect reciprocity, but some method will
be worked out to handle this detail with little difficulty. Perhaps it
may be necessary to issue a temporary license and require an
examination in practical pharmacy when examinations are held.

The following table shows the number of pharmacists regis¬
tered by examination in the past ten years:

Year Number of Pharmacists

1943-1944

1944-1945

1945-1946

1946-1947

1947-1948

1948-1949

1949-1950

109

1950-1951

1951-1952

1952-1953

Pharmacies are not able to maintain the desired personnel
throughout the State, because of the fact that upon graduation from
college many of the graduates are inducted into the armed forces,
while others are forsaking retail pharmacy to enter the manufactur¬
ing field in either laboratory work, detailing, or as salesmen, and
others are going directly into the study of medicine.

ReciprocctI Registration

Reciprocal relations are enjoyed with all the states except New
York, California, and Florida. Because New York pharmacists cannot
reciprocate to other states, a large number of graduates from the
school of pharmacy in New York City are, immediately upon gradua¬
tion, taking state board examinations in the states in close proximity
to New York. This is a logical procedure because it enables these
men to be eligible to register by reciprocity in other states at a future
time. They are much better prepared to pass an examination upon
graduation from schools of pharmacy than at some future time.

The M ARY L A2^ D PHARMACIST

At the same time, a sizable number of pharmacists are becoming
registered in Maryland who, in all likelihood, will never practice here.

All applicants for reciprocal registration are required to appear
before the Board for a personal interview. At these interviews, an
effort is made to obtain as much of the applicant’s history as is neces¬
sary to give him favorable consideration.

Reciprocal applicants are required to sign an agreement to com¬
ply with the laws, rules, and regulations surrounding the practice of
pharmacy in this State, This agreement is signed with the provision
that violations are sufficient grounds for revoking certificates of
registration.

Although the list of those registered by reciprocity during the
year includes the name of Mr. Bennie George Owens, his application
for reciprocal registration was received and the fee deposited on
January 3, 1952. The delay in registering Mr. Owens was caused by
the fact that he could not come before the Board for a personal in¬
terview until August 25, 1952, because of illness in his family.

Two applicants for reciprocal registration, Carl Jackson Bow¬
man and Bessie Badham Small, were refused registration because
their qualifications did not meet the requirements in effect in this
State at the time they were originally registered by examination in
other jurisdictions. The legal registration fee of $25.00, submitted
by the former, was refunded by this Board on May 28, together with
his reciprocal application.

The Board requested Bessie Badham Small not to submit her
reciprocal registration fee until the Board had pasesd on her
eligibility to reciprocate. On May 21, the Board rejected her applica¬
tion because she did not meet the requirements in effect in this State
when she was registered by examination in North Carolina, and her
application for reciprocal registration was returned to her.

It is recommended again that annual re-registration of pharma¬
cists be given consideration by the Legislative Committee of the
Maryland Pharmaceutical Association. This would compel these
out-ofr-state registrants to re-register annually or be dropped from
the Board’s register. Maryland is one of the few states that does not
have annual re-registration and, as the fee is practically nil, $1.00
a year, there seems no logical reason for opposition to it.

Total Number Granted Registration by Reciprocity. . . 53

Total Number Duplicate Certificate Issued . 5

Total Number Certifications Made for Reciprocity. ... 16

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

The following table shows those granted registration by
reciprocity:

REGISTERED BY RECIPROCITY

Certificate

Name Number Dated State

Little, Robert Snyder 5054

Mulhall, Francis Joseph, Jr. 5055
Douglass, Dolores Zeta 5056
Wilson, Richard Herman 5057
Lebson, Hyman 5111

Futrovsky, Charles 5112

Owens, Bennie George 5113

Bogen, Ellis Benjamin 5114

Bondareff, Erwin Allen 5115
Tumas, John 5116

Corbin, James Lee 5117

Eidelman, Nathan 5118

DiGiovine, John Joseph 5119
Hargis, William Jennings 5120
Evald, Gunnar Nels G. 5121

Bloom, Eli Henry 5122

Pannill, William Eliason 5123
Zarych, Joseph Francis 5124
Carney, William Franklin 5125
Ripley, Albert Burnham 5126
Gilbert, Theodore 512 7

Hamer, Marion Sims 5128

Voshell,Wm. Frederick, Jr. 5129
Duncan, Chester Arthur 5130
Leonard, Russell Dean 5131
Wilier, Rose Pcytashnikoff 5152
McCambridge, Jos. Austin 5153
Milgram, Samuel 5154

Breslin, Frederick William 5155
McWilliams, Lester Mahlon 515 6
Walch, Edward Eugene 5157
Hall, Orlando Graham 5158
Kubiak, Dolores A. Z. 5159
Marindelli, Carroll Paul 5160
Tremaine, Stanley Arthur 5161
Brown, Lewis Leonard, Jr. 5162
Dunbar, Ruth 5163

Sacks, Paul David 5164

July

30,

1952

Dist. of Columbia

July

30,

1952

Louisiana

Aug.

25,

1952

Dist. of Columbia

Aug.

25,

1952

Pennsylvania

Sept.

15,

1952

New Jersey

Sept.

15,

1952

Dist. of Columbia

Sept.

15,

19 52

Kansas

Oct.

1952

Dist. of Columbia

Oct.

1952

Dist. of Columbia

Oct.

18,

1952

Illinois

Oct.

18,

1952

Dist. of Columbia

Oct.

18,

1952

Pennsylvania

Oct.

24,

1952

Massachusetts

Oct.

24,

1952

Virginia

Oct.

24,

1952

Dist. of Columbia

Nov.

14,

1952

Dist. of Columbia

Nov.

14,

1952

Dist. of Columbia

Nov.

14,

1952

Ohio

Nov.

20,

1952

Oklahoma

Nov.

20,

1952

Massachusetts

Nov.

25,

1952

Dist. of Columbia

Nov.

25,

1952

North Carolina

Dec

10,

1952

Illinois

Dec

31,

1952

Texas

Dec

31,

1952

Washington

Jan.

31,

1953

New Jersey

Jan.

31,

1953

Dist. of Columbia

Jan.

31,

1953

Dist. of Columbia

Feb.

1953

Pennsylvania

Feb.

16,

1953

Pennsylvania

Feb.

16,

1953

Oklahoma

Mar.

10,

1953

Dist. of Columbia

Mar.

10,

1953

Pennsylvania

Mar.

10,

1953

Ohio

Mar.

20,

1953

Delaware

Mar.

20,

1953

Georgia

Apr.

10,

1953

Kentucky

Apr.

10,

1953

Dist. of Columbia

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Smith, Raymond Hihberd 5165
Jarosik, Emil, Jr. 5166

Barnes, Forrest Price 5167

Geber, Isidor Jerome 5168

Lee, Carroll Bernard 5169

Twigg, Theodore Kendall 5170
Fishbein, William 5171

Barrie, Louis Conrad 5172

Gann, Jack 5173

Mosely, Omar Harry, Jr. 5174
Hagan, Frank Charles, Jr. 5175
Pearson, Sarah Bradshaw 5176
Wesley, Maris Percy 5177

Swain, Clyde Curtis 5178

Isert, Charles Henry 5179

Apr.

15,

1953

Rhode Island

Apr.

15,

1953

Missouri

Apr.

20,

1953

Arizona

Apr.

20,

1953

New Jersey

Apr.

25,

1953

Dist. of Columbia

May

15,

1953

Dist. of Columbia

May

15,

1953

Pennsylvania

May

15,

1953

Ohio

June

1953

Massachusetts

June

18,

1953

South Carolina

June

18,

1953

Georgia

June

26,

19 53

North Carolina

June

26,

1953

Pennsylvania

June

30,

1953

Louisiana

June

30,

1953

Indiana

Permits

As of January 1, 1953, 689 permits were issued to retail phar¬
macies and 20 to hospital pharmacies. This was an increase of
11 retail pharmacies over the preceding year; 411 were located in
Baltimore and 278 in the counties. Baltimore gained one pharmacy
and the counties ten.

The following table shows the number of pharmacies in the
several counties:

Allegany . . 16

Anne Arundel . ... 24

Baltimore . 73

Calvert . . 0

Caroline . 3

Carroll . 9

Ceeil . 4

Charles . 3

Dorchester . 4

Frederick . 8

Garrett . 2

Harford ... 8

Howard . 3

Kent . 2

Montgomery . 39

Prince George’s . 3 6

Queen Anne’s . 4

Saint Mary’s . 3

Somerset 4

Talbot . 8

Washington .... . . 11

Wicomico . 7

Worcester . 7

Total . 278

During the fiscal year, 22 pharmacies were opened, 16 changed
hands, and 8 closed as drug stores.

Four drug stores were temporarily closed because there was
no pharmacist on duty at time of inspection.

Hearings were held with four pharmacists because of violations
of the pharmacy, barbiturate, and narcotic laws.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

The drug store permit of one pharmacist wias revoked in
October because of continuous violation of 'the pharmacy laws and
chronic inebriety. In April, he applied to have his permit restored,
but the Board after due consideration refused to redssue it.

A pharmacist was afforded a hearing to show cause why his
license should not be revoked, under Section 3 60 of Article 27, Uni¬
form Narcotic Drug Act, because of conviction of a narcotic
violation. An Assistant Attorney General was the Board’s counsel
at this hearing, and after hearing the penalty the court had imposed
and the fact that he had disposed of his interest in the drug busi¬
ness, advised against the revocation proceedings and recommended
that the pharmacist be placed on unlimited probation.

Two other pharmacists (a partnership) were afforded a hearing
because of a violation of the Barbiturate Act in which the firm was
fined as well as one of the partners. At the trial (only one of the
partners was charged) a former judge of the Supreme Bench of
Baltimore sOity testified on the character of th© defendant.

After giving the matter careful consideration, the Board de¬
cided to hold the case open for a year and to place both parties on
probation.

Some may criticise the Board’s action and characterize it
as too lenient. However, taking one’s means of livelihood away is a
very serious act and all the angles surrounding such cases must be
considered. The Board has every reason to believe the men involved
in these cases will in the future observe all the laws and regulations
pertaining to their profession.

Ownership and professional personnel of the pharmacies in the
State is shown in Table I, which indicates that there were 1,283
pharmacists connected with 68 9 pharmacies and 20 hospital pharma¬
cies as proprietors and employees, compared with 1,248 connected
with 678 pharmacies and 20 hospital pharmacies the previous year.

TABLE I

State of Maryland

Employ

Registered

Proprietors Pharmacists Total

110

Proprietor Registered — Employs
One Registered Pharmacist. . .

110

220

Proprietor Registered — Employs
One Registered Pharmacist
and Relief Pharmacist

Priprietor Registered — ^Employs
Two Regisstered Pharmacists .

Proprietor Registered — Employs
Three Registered Pharmacists

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

4 Proprietor Registered — Operates

Two Pharmacies .

162

Proprietor Registered — ^Employs
Only Relief Pharmacist .

162

159

Proprietor Registered — ^Employs
One Man, No Relief Phar¬
macist Employed .

159

Proprietor Not Registered

Partnerships (21 Relief Phar-
cists Employed) .

148

205

122

Corporations (12 Relief Phar¬
macists Employed) .

207

248

689

Pharmacists Doing Relief (These
Included in 21 and 12 Above) .

135

Hospital Pharmacies . . .

656

591

1,247

709

656

627

1,283

PrescripHon Survey As Shown

In Table II

The figures for this survey were received from 541 (78.5 %) of
the 68 9 retail pharmacies in the State, and an esitimate was made
from ithese figures to arrive at a total num-ber of prescriptions filled.
There is in all probability no other method than this to follow unless
it were possible to obtain accurate figures from all the pharmacies,
and this is impossible for the various reasons we have encountered.

Only one pharmacist refused to furnish us with the number of
pre-scriptions he had filled, notwithstanding thiis information is not
divulged to anyone.

It was necessary to reject figures from thirty-one sources
because the figures supplied were merely guess or were believed to be
inaccurate.

There was an increase of 2 % % in the number of prescriptions
dispensed in 1952 over the previous year. Though not large, it does
show a healthy increase in spite of the fact that likely a majority
of the prescriptions cannot be refilled without the prescribers’
authorization.

Table III shows the grouped pharmacies and the number of
prescriptions in thousands filled by the various groups in Baltimore
City and the counties. There were four pharmacies in the State
that filled less than 50 0 prescriptions and six that filled less than
1,000. It may be asked: Does it pay to operate a prescription
department when such a small number of prescriptions are filled?

TABLE II

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

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GROUPED PHARMACIES PULING NUMBER OF PRESCRIPTIONS INDICATED IN THOUSANDS

BalHmore City

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The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Manufacturers' Permits

There were 111 permits issued to manufacturers of drugs, medi¬
cines, toilet articles, dentifrices or cosmetics, which was eight less
than were issued in 1952. A permit was refused to manufacture
capsules of aspirin, phenacetin, and phenobarbital for over-the-
counter sale.

Although our law does not require manufacturers to maintain
control facilities and to code preparations, the Board insisits on this
detail, which is a protection manufacturers cannot ignore.

All manufacturing plants are regularly inspected for the pur¬
pose of seeing such work is under responsible supervision, and that
that manufacturing is done under sanitary conditions.

Legislation

Four bills directly pertaining to pharmacy were introduced into
the Legislature. House Bill No. 57 would have permitted those who
had at least thirty-five years’ experience under a registered pharma¬
cist to take an examination for registration as pharmacist. This
bill was not reported out of committee.

• Senate Bill No. 36 was an amendment to the Uniform Narcotic
Drug Act to add to exempt class of narcotic preparations those
containing 1/6 grain or less Dihydrocodeinone or its isalts to the
fluid or avoirdupois ounce. This bill was not reported out of com¬
mittee.

Senate Bill No. 2 21, Dangerous Drugs Bill, passed, and became
effective June 1. This bill with comments was carried in the May
issue of “The Maryland Pharmacist.” It closely parallels the Durham-
Humphrey Act, under which pharmacists have been operating since
April 1952.

The act prohibits wholesalers and manufacturers supplying
prescription drugs to others than authorized dealers as well as
prohibits physicians’ office assistants (secretaries or nurses) from
dispensing such drugs.

Senate Bill No. 222 amended the Barbiturate Act by providing
for pharmacists accepting such prescriptions by telephone as well
as oral authorization for refilling same. This bill was enacted into
law, and became effective on June 1. This act with comments was
carried in the May issue of “The Maryland Pharmacist.”

Cooperative Activities

The Board continued its membership in the National Associa¬
tion of Boards of Pharmacy, and was represented at its annual
meeting, held in conjunction with the annual convention of the
American Pharmaceutical Association, in Philadelphia, by Mr.
Charles S. Austin, Jr. and Secretary L. M. Kantner.

The Board also maintained membership in the Conference of
Boards and Colleges of Pharmacy of N.A.B.P. District No. 2,

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

which comprises New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware,
Maryland, ‘the District of Columbia, Virginia, and West Virginia.
The Conference held its annual meeting in Albany, New York, on
March 2 and 3. Messrs. Charles S. Austin, Jr. and Arthur C. Har-
baugh, and Secreitary L. M. Kantner attended. This Board took part
in a panel discussion: Subject — -“What Shall Be Done About Sub¬
stitution.”

Finances

All funds of the Board of Pharmacy are deposited to the credit
of 'the Treasurer of the State of Maryland, and disbursements covering
expenses of the Board are paid by voucher by fhe State Comptroller.

The following is a statement of the receipts and disbursements of
the Board for the period from July 1, 1952, to June 30, 1953 :

MARYLAND BOARD OF PHARMACY

Statement of Receipts and Disbursements for the Period from
July 1, 1952, to June 30, 1953

Receipts

Balance with Comptroller,

July 1, 1952 .

Examination Fees . .

Students’ Registration Fees
Reciprocal Registration Fees. .
Certification Fees .... . .

Duplicate Certificate Fees....
Manufacturers’ Permit Fees . .
Drug Store Permit Fees .

22,622.03

2,100.00

66.00

1,325.00

2,296.00 6,498.00 29,120.03

16.00

25.00

670.00

Disbursements

Salaries .

Special Payments ...

Traveling .

Communication .

Printing .

Office Supplies .

Medical and Laboratory

Office Equipment .

Insurance .

All Other .

1,370.00

345.00

786.90

179.50

1,545.40

265.00

117.44

100.75

50.00

121.00 4,880.99

Balance with Comptroller,
June 30, 1953 . .

24,239.04 29,120.03

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

After the completion of his report, Dr. Kantner announced
that Dr. E. E. Adams, Honorary President of the Maryland Pharma¬
ceutical Association had undergone an abdominal operation at the
University Hospital. Expressions of concern and hopes for a speedy
recovery were made by the chair and the Secretary was instructed
to send a suitable token expressing the sentiments of the membership.

Mr. Muehlhause then turned the chair back to President Wag¬
ner who called upon the Secretary to read the following telegrams:

WASHINGTON, D.C., 16
JOSEPH COHEN,

SECRETARY,

MARYLAND PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
COMMANDER HOTEL, OCEAN CITY, MD.

AMERICAN PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION SENDS BEST
WISHES FOR A MOST SUCCESSFUL CONVENTION AND EX¬
TENDS CORDIAL INVITATION TO ALL OF YOUR MEMBERS TO
ATTEND OUR CONVENTION IN SALT LAKE CITY THE WEEK
OF AUGUST 16.— ROBERT P. FISCHELIS, SECRETARY.

BALTIMORE, MD.

MANUEL B. WAGNER,

PRESIDENT

MARYLAND PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
COMMANDER HOTEL, OCEAN CITY, MD.

BEST WISHES FOR A GOOD PROGRESSIVE MEETING. REGRET
NOT BEING THERE. — NELSON G. DIENER.

GALVESTON, TEXAS.

JOSEPH COHEN

COMMANDER HOTEL, OCEAN CITY, MD.

REGRET INABILITY TO BE WITH YOU ALL SOME OF MY MEN
WILL BE THERE BEST WISHES FOR A SUCCESSFUL CON¬
VENTION. WARM REGARDS TO ALL ESPECIALLY MY FRIEND
BOB SWAIN — MERVIN G. PIERPONT.

CHICAGO, ILL.

MANUEL B. WAGNER,

PRESIDENT, JOSEPH COHEN, EXECUTIVE SECRETARY,
MARYLAND PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
COMMANDER HOTEL, OCEAN CITY, MD.

GREETINGS AND BEST WISHES FOR A SUCCESSFUL CON¬
VENTION. THE N.A.R.D. IS ACTIVELY SUPPORTING THE KE-
FAUVER BILL (S. 135 7) WHICH AMENDS THE ROBINSON-PAT-
MAN ACT. WE BELIVEE THE PROTECTION OF THE ROBINSON-
PATMAN ACT IS JUST AS ESSENTIAL TO THE DRUGGISTS OF

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

THE COUNTRY AS FAIR TRADE, AND WE HOPE EVERYONE
OF YOU WILL WRITE YOUR REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS
AND THE SENATORS FROM YOUR STATE ASKING THEM TO
SUPPORT THE PASSAGE OF S. 135 7 AND TO OPPOSE THE PASS¬
AGE OF H.R. 635 (THE WALTER BILL) WHICH WOULD EMAS¬
CULATE THE ROBINSON-PATMAN ACT. THIS IS IMPORTANT.
IF WE RECEIVE THE SAME TYPE OF COOPERATION THAT WE
DID DURING OUR FIGHT FOR THE MCGUIRE BILL WE BE¬
LIEVE WE WILL BE ABLE TO PASS THE KEFAUVER BILL AND
PREVENT THE PASSAGE OP A HARMFUL MEASURE. I WISH
TO EXTEND TO EVERYONE IN ATTENDANCE A CORDIAL IN¬
VITATION TO ATTEND THE N.A.R.D. CONVENTION TO BE HELD
AT THE SHERMAN HOTEL IN CHICAGO, OCTOBER 11 THROUGH
THE 15TH.— JOHN W. DARGAVEL, EXECUTIVE SECRETARY.

ADDITIONAL REPORT ON THE SCHOOL OF PHARMACY
Dr. Noel E. Foss, Dean

Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen:

Most of you are aware of the educational program of the Uni¬
versity of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, for students working for
degrees. In fact, I believe most of you here today are alumni of
the School and have a working knowledge of our program.

Although we have tried to be of assistance to the practicing
pharmacists, we have not done as much in the past years as we
would like to have accomplished. The presentation of our Refresher
Program in cooperation with the Maryland Pharmaceutical Associa¬
tion is a step forward in that direction. I want to thank all of you
for the splendid cooperation which you gave us on the refresher
program in May. In the future we hope to expand this program even
further and perhaps extend it to two days. As you know, there are
many different subjects that we could cover and it is always a ques¬
tion of limitation of subject matter rather than extension of the
subject matter. Now that the Kelly Memorial Building is a reality,
we hope to have these programs at least once every year. Before
planning our program next year we hope to circularize all of the
members of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association and the Balti¬
more Retail Druggists’ Association in an attempt to learn the sub¬
ject matter that would be of interest to most of the practicing
pharmacists. Perhaps a part of the program devoted to commercial
subjects and the other part devoted to professional subjects might
be a reasonable distribution.

Many of you have informed me that our graduates are not as
well trained in working in a prescription department of a retail
store as you would like to have them. We at the School of Pharmacy
recognize this fact and we are constantly trying to improve our dis-

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

pensing course to better prepare students for working in retail
drug stores. However, it is the considered opinion of all of us on
the teaching staff that the greatest opportunity for improvement
in this direction rests with the apprenticeship training. We are in
wholehearted support of the new plan of the State Board of Phar¬
macy to improve the apprenticeship training and we shall give every
assistance to this matter that we possibly can. I want to emphasize
that a great deal of the responsibility of the training of pharmacists
for working in the prescription department as well as other parts of
the retail store lie with you who employ these young men and
women as apprentices. Apprenticeship, as you know means a period
of training and training of anyone requires time and effort. I hope
that all of you will take this matter of apprenticeship seriously and
give your best in training these young men and women apprentices
to be better pharmacists.

There is a great need for a Union Building in Baltimore for
the convenience of the professional schools. Dr. Byrd, President
of the University of Maryland, appointed me as chairman of a group
to make a study of ways and means to provide a Union Building for
the Baltimore Schools of the University. I am proud to say the
Alumni Association has taken the initiative in furthering this
project. We all hope that in the not too distant future the Union
Building will become a reality.

Dr. Kantner introduced Mrs. Bertha D. Baldwin, Administra¬
tive Assistant of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics in Baltimore. Mrs.
Baldwin responded with greetings from Commissioner Harry J.
Anslinger and District Supervisor, Mr. Boyd Martin. She offered
the cooperation of the Bureau of Narcotics to the pharmacists of
Maryland.

President Wagner then presented the first speaker of the con¬
vention, Mr. Laib Shenkin, an authority on drug store moderniza¬
tion, who chose as his topic, “Service and Self-Service.”

SERVICE AND SELF-SERVICE
by Laib Shenkin

Shenkin Store Fixture Co., New York, N. Y.

The super grocery stores, since they are taking away a lot of
your business, worries lots of people. I want to read to you a state¬
ment that was made by my friend, Robert Gerston, who was for¬
merly the President of the New York Board of Pharmacy. He said
that he was down in Williamsburg, Virginia, and he saw a slogan
above a fireplace and it read something like this. It said, “I am an old
man; I have seen lots of troubles most of which have never happened.”
Just think of that. “I have seen lots of troubles, most of which have

The MARY LA:MD PHARMACIST

never happened.” Mr. Gerston also made this statement: “When work
is inevitable; relax and enjoy it.” There are a lot of steps to take to
meet the competition of the super markets. I always compare this
business duel with the fighting of an old fashioned duel. Back in the
days when dueling was common, and if I had to duel with somebody
else and my life was at stake, I would not accept the weapons of my
opponent unless I was compelled to do so; I should choose a weapon
with which I had some familiarity. The same is true of your fight
with the grocery stores, the fight with the super market. There are
so many weapons that you can adopt to your purposes. And there
are so many weapons within your means that if you would only
use them properly, you wouldn’t have to worry about that competi¬
tion. And now to discuss some of the weapons that the super market
has and suggest to you ways and means by which you can use those
weapons to your advantage. First of all, I would like to give you
this slogan: “Convert your waste space to selling space.” I want
to repeat that because it is very important; it means dollars and
cents to you. “Convert your waste space to selling space.” The
average druggist, when he builds a store, or he modernizes his store
he is very, very particular about taking advantage of his wall space.
Every store has four walls, store front, wall on the left side and
the right side and across the back. Now most druggists take some
care in laying out their equipment so they take best advantage of
that space. But what happens to all the fioor space that is available
away from these walls? If you went into the average grocery store,
into the average super market, I daresay you wouldn’t find one
square inch of space wasted and the operators of super markets are
very clever businessmen. They know that every square inch of space
costs them rental and every square inch of space must bring in
revenue. So I say to you, survey all of the floor space that you have,
independent of your walls. And convert any space that is waste
space to selling space, and that is one method by which you may
adopt the weapon of the super market to your advantage. And the
second one is “open display.” Now, keep this in mind. I am talking
very, very, very unselfishly, believe me, when I talk against a drug¬
gist converting to a self-service operation. I don’t mind telling you
that I have been expelled by the Lincoln National, Amalgamated
Association of High Pressure Fixture Men. I have been expelled
from that organization and I am preaching to you for the benefit of
the small businessman because my warfare is tied up with your
warfare. The term “open display” — the term “salvage” does not
have any reflection upon the term “open display.” Certainly the
more open display that we have, that will display your merchandise,
that will create impulses to buy, the more chance you have of
selling more merchandise. If you use that open display, and you
supplement it with service, that a pharmacist is very, very capable of

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

exercising, then you have the ideal combination. So I say to you,
adopt the open display so long as you don’t relinquish the line of
service that is so important, a part of successful retail operation.

The third weapon of the super market that you can adopt to
good advantage is what I call “good housekeeping.’’ You walk
into the average super market and even though every inch of the
floor space is used to good advantage, you will And a clean shop;
that everything is in order — you will not And waste paper thrown
all over creation; you don’t find poked-at displays or a broken
candy case, for instance. You find everything in its place and every¬
thing orderly. Now this element of good housekeeping, is the most
inexpensive and the best method of modernization that anybody can
take. I know that the elementary pharmacy was geared up to the
point where that when they came in in the morning, they took the
broom and swept the store out and they used that broom continually,
and I would like to see every pharmacist operate an establishment
where you could literally eat off the floor. But sometimes a person
has to be goaded into doing this operation of good housekeeping. I
have the same problem in my own house. I am married to a very,
very beautiful gal, and even though I have been married 25 years,
I am old fashioned enough to say that I am still in love with my wife,
but it is a harried life in some places, and it happens that my wife
is an interior decorator, and she takes pride in the beautiful furnish¬
ings that she has supplied in the house. I have two lovely daughters
and one daughter is just the kind that she doesn’t take proper care
of her room, and my wife almost has a fit because she comes in her
room and does her homework; instead of doing it on the desk, she
does it on the bed. And she’d drop her papers on the floor, and there
is a continual turmoil about her not taking care of her room prop¬
erly. So this went on for a long time and one day I returned home
and found her room spotless. And this kept up for about three or
four days, and finally I got to wondering why this little girl all of
a sudden became so conscious about good housekeeping, so I said
to her, “Bobby, what happened — how come all of a sudden you be¬
came such a wonderful example of good housekeeping?” “Well,
Daddy,” she said, “I don’t want to go to jail.” I said, “What do you
mean, go to jail? You won’t be put in jail because you don’t take
care of your room properly.” She said, “Oh, yes, I will. Daddy. I
read in the paper where three girls were arrested for keeping a dis¬
orderly house.”

Now, in this element of good housekeeping, there is one other
thing that is paramount. And I hope Mr. Cohen won’t mind if I
just interject a little bit of a commercial. You know, nobody is so
altruistic that he does not indulge in a commercial at some time.
I have here a product — I did have a small size, a medium size, and
an economy size — but I just brought the medium size to you. I , have

The MARYLA:ND PHARMACIST

a product here which I guarantee will take care of every element of
good housekeeping at a very, very moderate cost. I wonder if you
gentlemen would come closer and read the name of this product,
because I do not have my glasses with me.

“Onanocoat” (?) — that can’t be — Now, let me tell you this,
I am in the equipment line. I serve beautiful drugstores that two
months after they are a store, they look like anything but a modern
drugstore. Stores are filthy — stores are not kept up properly. And
I have been in stores that were fifty years old that I thought were
modern. And don’t forget, there is no substitution for elbow grease.
And if you exercise this elbow grease in your store, you won’t worry
so much about your super market competition.

Let me tell you about some of our own weapons, where I say
that on our team — on the team of pharmacy — that you can use to
combat the competition of the super market. Of course, the primary
thing that I am preaching and, believe me, it is based upon seeing
drugstores in every state of the Union and abroad. And I say that
if you practice that element, you won’t worry about the super market.
And that is the question of service. I think that the omission of
the druggist is to perform a service to the community. I am always
intrigued by the story of Charles Walgrehn when he was a young
man just going out into the business world, and this happens to be
a true story. He opened up a little drugstore next to a very, very
large drugstore. And he was trying to find methods of getting cus¬
tomers away from their usual visit to the big drugstore, and he did
it with one idea. And he worked it out in connection with the help
of one of his clerks. And when a woman who lived in close proximity
to the store called up for an order, he immediately would repeat
the order to the clerk and the porter would immediately go to the
shelves and prepare the items. And he would keep the woman on
the telephone on some pretext or another and before the conversa¬
tion was finished, the porter had already delivered the merchandise
to this customer, so the lady would say, “My, my, what kind of a
service do you have? Before I even get away from the telephone,
the merchandise is delivered here.” This happens to be a true story,
hut it brings out the point of service. And don’t be sold on the
idea that the American public has been sold on the idea that
they don’t want any service. I can tell you that in my neigh¬
borhood, we have a giant super market and about four months ago
a small operator, an independent operator, opened up a grocery
store. Lots of open display, but he also practiced the element of
service, and I know that when my wife sends me out shopping, it
isn’t too intriguing for me to drive my car there, and get one or
a lot of baskets and lug four or five packages and put them in my car
and take them home. Where this chap says, “Look, I am going to
deliver your merchandise.” Certainly when I go in there and I tell

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

him what I want, I am not an expert on all of the items that my
wife would want me to get there, and I am like the average husband
— sometimes I even lose the list of the items — so I come into this
shop and I tell him what I want, and he makes a record of it, and
inside of an hour all of those items are delivered. So here is a chap
who has an open display grocery store and who practices the element
of service. And let me tell you something, as long as there is a big
self-service grocery store, they are a little bit worried about his
grocer value. So I say to you, by all means, every element of service
that you can give to the community, practice it, because that may
bring you in a lot more revenue than if you just merely have the
items on the shelves and the customers run around with their baskets
and come out of the turnstiles.

The second element is the element of salesmanship. I know
that many manufacturers, especially Johnson and Johnson, have
spent thousands of dollars to teach the pharmacist how to exercise
the element of salesmanship. I know many of my own customers tell
me that when they are in the store themselves and fhey wait behind
the counter on a customer, the volume of business goes up, and
when they are not there, the volume of business goes down. The
answer to that is that when they are there, they exercise sales¬
manship. So all in all, when you are behind your counter, and a cus¬
tomer comes in for various items, the customer picks up an item on
open display, he brings it to your counter and if you are a salesman,
you will sell him other needs that the customer needs and you cer¬
tainly have a tremendous advantage over an inanimate object called
a self-service store. Of course, one of the most important ways to
really beat the super market is to take advantage of that part of
pharmacy over which you have a monopoly. By that, I refer to the
prescription department. I have had lots of people call me up and
discuss various kinds of stores that they are operating. One fellow
says, “I am going to operate the ethical drugstore”; another fellow
says, “I am not going to operate an ethical drugstore.” Why should
any drugstore be anything but an ethical drugstore? My opinion
is based upon practical experience with hundreds and hundreds of
drugstores. Those pharmacists who take advantage of the possibili¬
ties of their prescription department — those pharmacists should
glamorize their prescription departments — those pharmacists where
the prescription department dominates the drugstore — also should
do the maximum merchandising of all of the merchandise that they
possibly can. So why not take advantage of the possibilities of your
prescription department? Or I might ask, why not take advantage
of other items of a drugstore, for instance, soda supplies, prescription
accessories? I looked up in the classified directory — I looked up
under “Dressings and Surgical Supplies” — 98% of dressings and
similar items are sold by drugstores. As a pharmacist, I would not
let this profitable merchandising get into foreign hands. Instead of

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

worrying about the fact that the super market is selling more toilet
paper and more tissues, I would get into those fields that the super
market can’t possibly get into. You will find that if you get into
that field, the margin of profit is greater and the professional service
remuneration is greater, for if you get into that field you will not
worry about your super market because he cannot compete with you
on that. Let me tell you how drugstores are built in Puerto Rico.
Dr. - operated a private hospital and he built the tallest build¬

ing in Puerto Rico — a twelve-story building, including forty doctors’
suites and five fioors of a private hospital, and when he came into
the picture, I went down and he said, “Mr. Shenkin, I am very
much impressed with the way pharmacies are conducted in the
States. I’d like that kind of a store, but please,” he said, “please
don’t obliterate (underestimate?) my professional department. That
is my bread and butter. I am going to sell all the merchandise
that I can, but don’t take my prescription department and put it
over in a corner, give me sufficient room to take care of my pro¬
fessional possibilities.” So we laid out a drugstore that includes
these departments. Here is a drugstore with a florist department.
He figured out that any patient who goes into the hospital, most
people would want to send flowers to the patient, so he has a florist
department. He has a souvenir department — a greeting card de¬
partment. He has a soda fountain, but you would say fo yourself,
“Here is a pharmacy” because the prescription department dominates
the drugstore. And how about dressings and surgical instruments

and prescriptions accessories and all that merchandise that Dr. -

sells, and first aid supplies — they are permanent in that store.
Now, here’s a man who was never a pharmacist before and he is
operating a pharmacy that is so successful that if half a dozen were
as satisfactory, we would make a very satisfactory annual income.
Now, there is a man who operates in Puerto Rico who is able to see
some of the faults of our operations in the States. So I say to you,
if you take advantage of your professional possibilities — take ad¬
vantage of your prescription department — take advantage of that
weapon which is a monopoly of yours, you will not worry about
the super market.

The druggist owes an obligation to the community by his
professional training. Here is the same kind of an obligation to the
community that the doctor has and the dentist has. I get great
satisfaction from the fact that I have met druggists — I have met
Senator Humphries, United States Senator, he is a druggist — I’ve
met druggists who are Governors, who are Assemblymen and State
Senators. I think that a druggist realizes that he has an obligation
to the community and he partakes of the activities in the community
that in turn realizes that they have an obligation to the druggist.
And when it comes to the question as to whether the major shopping
will be in the super market or in the drugstore, well, put down the

The M A RY L A:t^ D PHARMACIST

drugstore. But if you are not the druggist you say you are and are
operating a grocery type of pharmacy, why should the public differ¬
entiate between you and the grocery store? You almost look alike.
You don’t give him any more service than the grocery store does.
You don’t participate in community activities any more than the
manager of the super grocery stores. So therefore you are fighting
this battle with the weapons of the grocery store. The operator of
the grocery store has a hundred times as much money as you have.
He will build better displays and bigger displays and get more mer¬
chandise and you will lose your battle. But take advantage of the
fact that you owe an obligation to the community, and fulfill that
obligation to the community and you will win the battle with the
super market.

Now the important thing about all these things I am discussing
with you is that this is not merely a theory. It requires action.
Don’t let George to it; do it yourself! Remember what I have said
about elbow grease and just go back to your store and exercise that
elbow grease. Do it Monday when you get back from this Convention.
Before you know it, you will find that without spending a dime,
more likely spend elbow grease, you will immediately do more
business; you will take some of that business from the supermarket.
This relationship of “Don’t let George do it’’ — I am reminded of the
story of the two women who were very good chums; and they were
right beautiful dolls and one girl met a very handsome boy and she
married him and the other one met a boy who wasn’t so handsome
and she married him. The good-looking one turned out to be a no¬
good loafer and the other fellow turned out to be very, very success¬
ful. So after a period of time, these girls had lost track of each other
and one day they met and the one who had married the fellow who
was not too good looking happened to be living in the -lap of luxury
— she had everything that money could buy and the other girl was
in the throes of poverty. So these two girls compared notes and the
one that was married to the no-good loafer said to the other one:
“I certainly envy you; we were both good-looking girls; we were
brought up in the same town; we went in the same crowd; and you
married a fellow who gave you everything that life could give, and
here I married a no-good loafer, lazy man, and I have to work for
everything that I get. I even had to support him after a time.’’ So
the other one said, “Well, maybe you think you are bad off... I
have everything that money could give, but I have no children. At
least you have three beautiful children.’’ So the other one said —
“Look, if I had had to depend upon that lazy, no-good for nothing
loafer of a husband of mine, I wouldn’t even have had these.’’

I’d like to give you another thought in connection with the
weapons that the super market has. Every super market that you
go into is modern. They have got modern lighting, modern store

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

front, modern equipment; and if you want to adopt that metlicd and
if you modernize your store, that is one way of combating that kind
of competition. But I am not here to discuss the details of moderniza¬
tion. I hope some day that I may be invited by Mr. Cohen to talk
to you about the beautiful Kelly Memorial Building, and the details
of various departments of modernization. But I want to take this
opportunity of presenting some of the pitfalls of modernization.
The element is that of feeling that you will be with us all of the
time, and if the druggist decides that he wants to modernize- the
store, and does things without thinking too much, you will find
that it will do more harm than good. They modernize their stores,
and spend more money than they should. I would like to talk this
out with you. I am in the equipment business, and if I sell you the
most beautiful equipment that you could have, and you move that
equipment in your store, if you do not have the merchandise that
goes with it, you are not going to do any business. You can’t sell
show cases to your customers. You’ve got to sell merchandise. So
budget the money that you spend for modernization and limit it so
as not to belittle the capital position of your business. And you have
to arrange the payments that you agree upon. So if you cannot
observe those payments from the business that you are going to do
at once, you should have some set aside for that purpose. So that’s
the lesson on modernization. Instead of doing a $10,000 job, start
with a $500 job. And try to make your payments fit your pocket-
book.

I am reminded of a situation that I had with a young chap who
just graduated from the Brooklyn College of Pharmacy. It happens
that I lecture a business administration course and one of my lec¬
tures is on the topic, “How to Modernize Drugstore Equipment,’’
and I preach to them that the payments must be tailor-made to their
own situation. So this young fellow came into my office, together
with an older fellow, and this young fellow was very anxious to get
the most expensive items, the most expensive materials, that money
can buy. The older fellow wanted the cheapest materials, and they
made me four visits and finally we agreed upon the kind of a setup
they wanted to have and the total price of it was $10,000. So the
young man turned around and said, “Mr. Shenkin, everything is
satisfactory, but how about the terms?’’ “Well,” I said, “we can
work out the terms. We will do it on the basis of $4,000 cash and
$6,000 we will make over a series of notes,” He said, “Those terms
won’t do,” he said, “I listened to a course in Brooklyn College of
Pharmacy and you said that the terms have to be tailor-made to my
situation, and those terms aren’t good for me.” So I told him I was
a manufacturer, not a banker, and that I had to finance my business,
too. So I said, “What kind of terms would you want?” He said,
“I want to give you $6,000 cash and $4,000 on notes.” I said,
“Would you repeat that, please? My terms are $4,000 cash and

The M A RY L A:N D PHARMACIST

$6,000 notes.” He said, “No, sir. I want $6,000 cash and $4,000
notes.” Well, he insisted upon it, so I said, “Well, it is just a policy
of the house, so we will accept your terms.” So we did a good job
for this fellow and afterward I said, “Look, Joe, I want you to tell
me exactly what was in your mind. I offered you much better terms.
I offered you the job for $4,000 cash and $6,000 notes and you turned
me down and insisted upon $6,000 cash and $4,000 notes.” “Well,”
he said, “Mr. Shenkin, you said that terms must be tailor-made to
fit the situation; that older fellow that was with me was my future
father-in-law; he agreed to put up the cash; I am supposed to pay
the notes.”

I want to close with one other remark I would like to make
about the question of fair trade. You have heard Mr. Solomon talk
about fair trade and I know that everyone knows about the problems
of fair trade. Just let me take this one minute of your time to tell
you about my experience in the days before fair trade. When I got
out of college, my ambition was to practice law. My Dad said, “Look
son, instead of practicing law, I think you should make a living.”
He said, “You come into business with me. I think you will make
a good salesman. You will meet a lot of nice druggists. They are
very nice people.” So it sounded like a good idea. So, let me tell
you what happened. I got out into the business world. I spent 10%
of my time to make sales; I spent 90% of my time to make collec¬
tions. And those of you who remember the days before fair trade
will remember the situation. Every day I came into the office, I
hated to open up the door because I knew all of the notices of
bankruptcies that I would hear about.

So I say to you, as far as I am concerned, fair trade has been
a blessing to me because ever since fair trade the druggist has been
able to meet his obligations. And I have been seeing every druggist
and I know exactly how things are with a lot of fellows. You have
something that is right precious to you. If you let that get away from
you, you will be going back to the old dog days, and I will have to
go back with you, and I don’t want that to happen. So I say to you
— watch your fair trade. Another slogan that I’ve got myself is
“If you run over backwards to be pure, your enemies will find it
difficult to kick you in the behind.”

I thank you.

Following the excellent address of Mr. Shenkin, President
Wagner introduced Thomas J. Kelly, President of T.A.M.P.A. and
representative of Johnson and Johnson. Mr. Kelly presented Mr.
Ivin T. Pfeifer, Eastern Division Manager of Johnson and Johnson.
Mr/ Kelly presented “Design for Selling” a new film presentation
showing store modernization utilizing space in all types of stores
at very little expense. The objective of the film is to give the retail

The M A RY L A:S[ D PHARMACIST 75

pharmacist a complete over-all merchandising package which will
give him an opportunity to compete with any type of competition.
Johnson and Johnson devoted six years in preparing the material
for this film.

At the conclusion of the J. & J. presentation, President Wagner
adjourned the second session of the Convention.

THIRD SESSIOH

Wednesday Afternoon, June 17, 1953

President Wagner convened the Third Session of the Convention
at 3:00 P. M. The President turned the gavel over to first Vice-
President Muehlhause, who presided over the afternoon session.

Chairman Muehlhause introduced Mr. William L. Arscott, Vice-
President and Sales Manager, E. R. Squibb & Sons, who spoke on
“Understanding: An Essential to Teamwork.”

UNDERSTANDING: AN ESSENTIAL TO TEAMWORK
By William L. Arscott, Vice-President, E. R. Squibb & Sons

What was once a very low-paid profession, the pharmacist,
and a low earner of money, the owner of the store, and the profession
that was identified with the life of long hours and little recreation
and much misery has grown into something that is really spectacular
and has attracted thousands of men and women to all the components
that make up the industry; namely, research, manufacturing, whole¬
saling and retailing. Well, has this new prosperity of ours brought
on some fundamental changes in our responsibilities? We can ask
ourselves that question. Do we feel and recognize the same obliga¬
tions and responsibilities to one another in this business, the same
code of ethics that we did recognize 25, 3 0 and 40 years ago? I
believe that those things remain the same. But we do need, it seems
to me, a re-appraisal of ourselves and our obligations to each other.

As was brought out at the Pharmaceutical Conference in
Rutgers which has been glowing brightly four weeks since it
happened and there were a lot of very fine thoughts expressed there
— very potent thoughts about this industry and its future, that 1
dream to be quoted over and over again. We know though that
there are certain things that we are going to expect of each other.
It was very noticeable up at this Conference, which I did not attend,
but I read all about it, that there are certain things that we are
going to expect of the physician, what we expect from the whole¬
saler, and what the wholesaler expects from the retailer, and
what the pharmaceutical manufacturer expects from the retailer

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

and then they started to talk about what a retail druggist
should expect from a wholesaler and a manufacturer; and maybe
at the next Conference they ought to talk about that subject, but we
do know we expect that each member of the field is going to know
his specialty — he is going to carry a share of the responsibility —
he is going to keep up with the fast pace of medical progress and
he is going to understand and co-operate with others and to earn
his share of the satisfaction that comes from a job well done.
And that is something that everyone who is involved in this enter¬
prise, no matter what component of it, has a right to expect.
And if he works for it, he has a right to get it. Well, there are
several popular methods of “combating” the evils of substitution.
First, is the legal and regulatory procedure — ^as soon as you
start instituting such rules and regulations, a group in the
industry thinks that . . . and you can’t do that to me. Well,
that is all right — very difficult no matter what happens. You
can go in and see them, and that is what is happening in some
places, and some of them should be seen. The second is to give
the pharmaceutical manufacturer preference by giving his product
a distinctive characteristic, such as marking capsules with a band
around, such as we do — or like Lilly will do in using a special
color or some other mark of identification on the product. But
it seems as though the best is to try to build up a relationship
of good will and understanding which might eliminate all of this
foolishness. Along the line you are bound in going around the
country, to pick up some observations, things that have been
noticed at least by me in this question. One is, the usually
substituted commodity is the single entity — not the compounds
or formulations of two or more different ingredients. Those
things are very difficult to substitute. But you will find a lot
of individual components, like seconal capsules, — or something
like that, those are the things that are singled out. Yet, here is
the funny hook in this — there are quite a few pharmacists who
ask manufacturers to avoid marketing these formulations. See,
it doesn’t quite add up right. Pharmacists don’t want manufacturers
to prepare formulations of this kind and yet when the question
of substitution hits a manufacturer, it is the single entity that
the pharmacist says that he would like to have that is always
the victim of substitution. It won’t solve anything, it is just an
observation.

It seems that the large pharmaceutical house is more frequently
substituted against than the smaller houses. Smaller houses
seem to be relatively free from it, and it probably is because
they do all market formulations. Or, there is another reason —
maybe the unthinking pharmacist thinks the big manufacturer is
big so he is rich, so they can afford anything like that — well, of

The M A RY L Alf D PHARMACIST

course, those of us who are in the business know that a large
manufacturer probably has “x” number of headaches on the hour as
anybody else. Or maybe the druggist just figures that the margins
of profit are too great for the manufacturer, that he is asking
for a commodity at a price that is a great deal more than he
should ask. Well, we could spend hours on that. It is a true
observation that we in the industry are thinking a great deal
about — the smaller houses are certainly becoming more important.
That is maybe a strange statement for me to make, an acknowledg¬
ment and while the industry is growing, the larger houses are not
growing as rapidly as are the smaller houses, and that is a problem
for Mr. Simpson’s house and my own house and a lot of other
houses. Number five — here is an observation that I think will hold
water in practically any large community or maybe any small
community in the country — the long-established pharmacist does not
substitute. It is the firm that has been in business a great many
years, that has a growing background, the ardent member of the
Maryland Pharmaceutical Assn., that fellow is usually not guilty
of substitution. And we have noticed that it is usually the
fellow who is a relative newcomer to the business who gets into the
act of substitution. With the standard of ethics that we teach
today — they were more firmly established in the earlier days of
pharmacy. Now, here is a smack at the manufacturing end of this
business of the 2855 new products that have been issued since 1940,
85% of those were duplications of competitive offerings. Well, that
is bound to be recognized as a cannibalistic practice. If they
want to eat each other up — well, I guess, the nthey have to eat
each other up, that is what it would lead to — and of remain¬
ing 15%, 13% were improvements on competitive and products
already made by the house and only 1 % of the total were basically
new developments — only 1%. So maybe when the druggist tries
duplication or substitution, he probably has something to complain
about. We are tempted to say, why complain about duplication
when, look, you are making more money than was ever made before
in the drugstore and all the things that are going on I want to
tell you about in a minute, that are making you more prosperous.
So why think about duplication? Well, maybe it is this — maybe
this industry needs a Judge Landis — for all of us. Maybe we
need a high commissioner who will tell us all what to do. If
we can’t tell each other what to do — and make up our own deci¬
sions, then by golly, we ought to have somebody do it for us.
Beyond that, though, it does seem to me that if we are going to
get anywhere with a problem that is troublesome in certain places
and we don’t wish to belabor the problem because it is probably
a lot less general than a lot of people believe — understanding

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

will probably be the thing that will bring about a second or third
thought on the subject.

And I would like to tell you some things about the phar¬
maceutical industry which may be old fact to you, which may be
trite — if it is, leave it alone, or throw me out, or do whatever
you like, the material I use here is material we got together for
a meeting of the American Chemical Society — which is a group of
chemists, which you well know, and we wanted to give them a back¬
ground of the pharmaceutical industry and the practices and methods
of manufacturing, distributing and selling pharmaceutical products.
So, if you don’t mind, I would like to take you on a little trip
through this thing. I am going to tell you about Alice in Wonderland,
that wonderful book which was written for kiddies, which probably
is much too adult for kids is just full of gems of illustrative stories
and one of them is about Alice and the Door Mouse. I wish you
v/ouldn’t squeeze so, said the Doormouse, who was sitting next
to Alice. I can hardly breathe. I can’t help it, said Alice, very
meekly. I’m growing. Don’t talk nonsense, you know you are
growing, too. Yes, but 1 grow at a reasonable pace said the
Doormouse, not in that ridiculous fashion, and he got up very subtly
and he walked over to the side of the court. Well, the pharma¬
ceutical business is growing and growing very, very rapidly. And
now not at a reasonable pace like the doormouse; it is growing so
rapidly that sometimes we think it is getting a bit out of hand.
Here is the way it has grown. It has grown from the extreme right
— in 1935 a business of $291,000,000 to in 1951, thelast figures we
have, a billion and a half dollars. You can see for yourself what
the ratio of increase is — it has multiplied itself five times. Now,
you see a research and development expendtiure there that was
$1,000,000 in 1935 and is now well over $100,000,000 — so that has
increased ten times. So — and while that has been going on, drug
stores have increased from a billion and a half to over four billion
dollars. In other words, they have tripled themselves while this
multiplication of fives times was going on. There is a little duplica¬
tion in this one billion and a half figure down there, due to the fact
that all pharmaceutical transactions are considered in there and
sometimes there are manufacturers of an important ingredient of a
product who sell that ingredient to another manufacturer — for
instance, we would buy a commodity like stearic acid, or theomo-
chloride from some other manufacturer — that is in there, and to that
extent that is an infiated figure. This is the most dramatic develop¬
ment in dollar sales, in people employed, in benefits to our people
and in plant and in equipment — the investment of practically all
established industries in modern times — with the possible exception
of air transportation that is exceeded only by the brand new

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

industries which were non-existent prior to World War II, such as
TV electronics, plastics, frozen foods, etc.

What caused all this? First of all, unquestionably is the
greatly improved economic condition of our people — they can jenjoy
better medical care and attention and can pay for things to improve
their well-being today because they can afford it. And they have
indicated that when they can afford it, they want it. Secondly,
the research work — the laboratory has been sparked by the knowl¬
edge that a market can be created for the product of its work. It is
one thing to work diligently on a project that has a smaller turn
at the other end of the line, but it is something else again to
go into one that has a payoff at the end of the line. The third is
the increased birthrate in this country. The young men and women
of our country took a firm grip on this problem in the period
between the end of the depression and the start of World War II.
They must have liked what they were doing, because they went at it
very vigorously and they haven’t let up since. They are at it in a
big way and they are getting bigger. When some of us were young
we used to settle for two kiddies, but nowadays these youngsters
are going up and we find they have 4, 5, 6, or 7 kids. An increase
in what we term the generative diseases, diabetes, heart ailments
and many other things. All these require medicine. And what has
this spectacular growth in the pharmaceutical industry done to
a lot of different people? To the individual? to the man in the
street and the farmer? The new drugs have brought a greater feel
of security, less number of diseases that heretofore were fatal
or permanently crippling such as pneumonia, perniccus anemia,
many types of blood infections, rheumatism, arthritis, and a host
of others. The individual is now assured that longer odds in his
recovery — a shorter period of convalescence, less time off from
work, greater comfort during non-fatal ailments, propped on the
immediate relief for pain, longer life, and very important, better
health during the waning years of life. All of that is worthwhile.
To the medical profession you have the development of the industry
meaning a great deal to the help of the doctor. Help in fighting
infection and in battling diseases accompanied by pain and crippling,
and a successful result then, rather than the termination of a
life. To the people of the industry the benefits need no comment.
Today the pharmaceutical industry employs 110,000 people. That
composed only 81,000 as recently as 1947. That is an increase of
50% of people employed in the drug industry and most of those
people who are skilled people, chemists, technicians, microbiologists,
medical people, etc. To the investor, pharmaceutical stocks have
proved to be very attractive. Because the earnings are computed
to be steady, despite the pennicilin problems. To the chemist it
has been a great revelation, because the spectacular development

The M A RY L D PHARMACIST

of this industry has opened up an entirely new world of activity.
We have a fine new profession, known as the medicinial chemist.
There were dozens of them only ten years ago. Today there are
literally thousands of them. So a man can go into chemistry now and
find a real outlet for his training. So in speaking of chemistry
and the development in the field of chemistry, our best informed
people — you know we used to think the best people came from Ger¬
many and Switzerland — today we can boast that the American
chemist now ranks among the world’s best, in fundamental chemistry.
That was a distinction we did not enjoy as short a time as ten
\ ears ago.

There is a very interesting observation about this figure here
of research — the $10,000,000 to $100,000,000 in five years. It
has been estimated that the average pharmaceutical house invests
almost $30,000 for research worker per year.

This table of statistics entitled “From the Test Tube to the
Prescription’’ conveys a lot of different meanings to different groups
of people. You have there the $100,000,000 which is the sum total
of clinical and research investigation tied together. You have down
there a total figure of $325,000,000 of which the hundreds at the
top and then the promotion to the professions including the medi¬
cal journals mailed, medical exhibit sampling — another hundred
million, and then for professional salesmen, like we have repre¬
sented in this room, another $125 million. Now, that is a lot
of investment, but if you will just mathematically work this out
now for the benefit of the retail druggist himself, there is $8,000
per drug store, for a promotional campaign to build prescription
business — $8,000 — if you had an $8,000 advertising bill which
you had to pay yourself at the end of every year, you would say,
gosh, let’s put that investment to work and let’s make it go fur¬
ther. There it is — it is an $8,000 investment — it is free and
open to anybody who wants to use it.

Well, I would like to mention the cycle through which a
product must pass from the conception of an idea or an unexpected
discovery to the time when a product is available to a consumer.
There are five steps there — research, development, production,
marketing and distribution. If the events proceed as tidily as
one would like, each of these steps would be taken in sequence with
a minimum of overlapping but unfortunately, you can’t live that way.
These things are coming at us from all directions at all times and
we find ourelves with a lot of balls in the air at once and it all
procedes quite orderly nevertheless, and there is a zeroing in
procedure at the end of all of the steps and then we finally
come out with a product.

There is the step from — in research, the unexpected dis¬
covery, such as the Fleming-discovery of penicillin which was really

T he MARYLAND P H A R M AC 1 S T

the unexpected, or was the idea, which possibly could be tied
to the Waxman discovery of streptomycin. Waxman was looking
for a specific thing and he found it — there is the laboratory
work involved, the preliminary or animal evaluation, the pharma¬
cology, the acute and chronic proxiscity, the human pharma¬
cology, and while that is going on the market for the product is
being investigated and by the time we get to the next step the
market research people has told us there is this size market for
this kind of a product that will do this damage to other products
that you have or it is a brand new product and will take this
much volume of business, and then you get into the phases of
development here, product development first, including the formu¬
lation, the stability test, the labeling, the quality container, and
then you go into the human development, with studies of the prox¬
iscity on the human, acute and chronic, the effectiveness of it — you
establish the basic formulas and the values and the shortcomings
of the product and your market and research work is still going
cn . . . and then you get into the place where you can say you are
ready to produce the product and this is the kind of procedure you
have when you are ready — your product is OK’d by all concerned,
including the Food and Drug Administration.

And here we have our production schedule, with our full
cost of what we are going to sell, the purchasing of all of the
materials that go in it, including the machinery that is used to
make it, the scheduling of all — ^the production itself, the packaging
and the decision as to how it is going to be packaged and so on —
and then the physical distribution.

We talked about the professional salesman very briefly. It
would surprise you to know, we all have different figures, but we
figure that it costs us a little more than $5.50 everytime a pro¬
fessional representative calls upon a physician. Now, that includes
only the cost of his salary and any other earnings he has, as
expenses in the field, and the samples that he uses — not the
samples mailed to the doctors, but the samples he actually distributes,
and the literature he actually distributes. It costs a little more
than $5.50 a call. You can well realize that there is the kind of
a call that is going to be well planned and is going to bring about
the maximum result in the way of a specification, or even an order
that will be shipped by some drug store. We don’t have time to
“educate” a doctor; first of all, that is a nasty word to use and
secondly, there isn’t any time for it. I want to tell you about
selling a pharmaceutical product — a procedure that everyone here is
familiar with. Very briefly the implements you use are advertising
of an informative nature — a reminder ad, or institutional which
would sell the company, and there are some very, very pretty figures
involved here, particularly in direct mail and personal salesman-

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

ship. The old yarn about building a better mousetrap and having
the world beat a path to your door may have been axiomatic
a hundred years ago when Emerson wrote that famous thing, but
today thousands of highly perfected products are available to us, and
with stiff competition among all industries, for our available dollars
to make a perfect product in every detail and now on a world market
potentially available, needs to beat the drum . . . promotion and
selling. Without those two things, nothing would happen. Promotion
is a word that we in our business beat around rather freely and in
fact we use it so habitually that we have to stop and think what it
means. Nothing happens unless we promote. And the same would go
for a drug store. A lesson is there to be learned from the chains
who are masters of promotion.

We have used the word so loosely that a friend of mine said that
he would undertake a definition — and we looked in the dictionary
and we found that promotion means to contribute, to develop, to
establish or increase of — well that doesn’t tell us anything about
promotion as we know it. But here is the classic then that this
friend wrote, which I think is good.

‘^Promotion is the outer expression of an inner urge — the
outer adornment of inner work; promotion brought the first feeble
creature out of the sea; the first rude man out of the cave; the
first able merchant across mountain and desert to seek a market.
Promotion is the science of marketing — the art of selling — the
philosophy of human relations and the history of civilization.
Promotion is the state of kings, the glamor of Hollywood, the
solemnity of ritual, the lilt of song and the close fitting sweater that
gets the mink coat. Promotion is what other men talk about being;
promoting is the business of making a business pay. Promotion is a
hell of a lot of hard work but a lot of fun when you get into the
spirit of it.” Each of these basic forces — advertising, direct mail,
personal salesmanship, utilized in selling a pharmaceutical product
has its champion. The champion in one is probably evaluated more
favorably than in comparison to the others. There are some firms
that say they can do their job with general advertising — Smith,
Kline and French was one of those firms, and did a wonderful busi¬
ness. And they beat our products, and they did nothing but direct
mail advertising and medical journal advertising. To give you an idea
of what is at work here in these forces — the medical journals — there
are 500 medical journals published in this country — they include
nationally circulated journals, of general and specialized classifica¬
tions — state, sectional and county journals. Of the $100,000,000
devoted to professional promotion about $25,000,000 is devoted to
medical journal advertising. Direct mail — we kid about direct mail
a lot — we think it all goes to the wastebaske<t. It plays a tremen¬
dously important role in the promotion of pharmaceutical products.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

To give you an idea of the importance, here again $25,000,000 is
spent. Perhaps the best way to visualize the extent to which direct
mail is used is to reduce the amount of direct mail received by the
average doctor. He will get 2500 pieces of pharmaceutical product
mail in the course of a year. Now, that is only pharmaceutical — that
doesn’t cover book ads that he receives and a lot of other things —
investment people are after him all the time — he makes a lot of
money so they want him to invest his money wisely — well, that
is 200 pieces of mail per month, or about 10 every working day.
You may think that this is an extraordinary amount of mail for an
ordinary doctor to get — we thought so, too, but a report that was
written and published in the Business Review a few months ago
revealed this: that 60% of the mail that was received by the average
doctor was opened and inspected by the doctor. That might be a
suggestion to some of you gentlemen — maybe you would like to try
presenting your store to your doctors by mail because they do get into
the mail. Then another 27% was opened by an assistant by the
doctor and either inspected by the assistant or referred to the
physician for a further look.

Research as a foundation takes many years of good products and
good services to win the respect of the doctor for the detail man,
the sample or the mailing piece, and we unceasingly work to main¬
tain and increase that respect. Nothing in this industry surpasses
the doctor’s respect for the products of a house, and I am sure that
the same must apply to the doctor’s respect and confidence that he
has in the pharmacist. Specifically, that respect is gained first
through good products — proven in fact. From special services, such
as medical forms and exhibits — through good detail work and
through dissemination of valuable and informative material such as
direct mail.

It is noted that when such companies have achieved their initial
marketing, they turn to salesmen to get the big job done. It
doesn’t seem that the big job in this country is ever going to be
done without salesmen.

There are a lot of chemists who are very new in the field
and don’t have an understanding oh the marketing of pharma¬
ceutical and drug products who are hungry for the information.
So we worked up some material with which we won’t bore you,
but which described and here it is all briefed up on a chart, as to
how a manufacturer distributes a pharmaceutical product. It is
old fact to you, but it is a very interesting thing. To sum this all
up, in every case, the objective of every manufacturer is to bring
products smoothly, efficiently and promptly to the consumer. No
sale is really complete until the product is purchased by a consumer.

We recognize our business now — this drug business from
research to the retailer — has become big business. It is among the

The M A RY L AIJ D PHARMACIST

big businesses of the country and we have the feeling that is going
to continue being the case for many years to come, because there are
new developments coming constantly and maybe there will be a
reappraisal of the things that we all do expect of each other which
will be built upon the foundation of fundamentals that have always
been the lap of the people that we are associated with. We learned
at the 'Conference that from the pharmacists — ^maybe you have read
this — from the pharmacist, we say that he should be critical in
his attitude toward products that are selected for the addition to
his inventory — critical in the sense that products of true worth are
made available when and where human needs exist with the shortest
delay possible — critical less unworthy products slip in with the
worthy commodities. He exercises the unusual privilege to counsel
his customers wisely — he sees more people directly than any other
member of the home team — that is a good thing for us to remember.
You see more people than the doctors see during the course of the
day — you can encourage people with health problems to consult a
doctor, and then he can join the fight, probably the greatest infiu-
ence in this fight of the pharmaceutical infiuences that are at
work in the industry and that fight can be carried on more
vigorously and probably more effectively with the organized phar¬
macy profession than any other. You fellows in Maryland have
a wonderful reputation — organized pharmacy. This is certainly
among the important first places of the profession, and it is wonderful
to be with you here and thanks for letting me talk.

The second speaker of the third session really required no intro¬
duction. As a Marylander, he is familiar to all of our members, as a
member of the staff of the A. Ph. A. he is known nationally. Dr.
Samuel W. Goldstein, addressed the Convention on “What’s New In
Pharmacy?’’

WHAT'S NEW IN PHARMACY
Dr. Samuel W. Goldstein
Director, A.Ph.A. Laboratory

When our M.Ph.A. Secretary asked me to participate in this
program and allowed me to select my fopic, I was happy to accept
and I immediately staked my claim to the topic “What’s New In
Pharmacy.’’ There is so much that is new that almost every speaker
here could use a modification of this title for his talk.

Today we see the docile pharmacists roused to such a state of
action that they unite to make their voice heard in legislative halls.
We hear that voice, joined with others, saying: Federal authority
over the profession has overstepped its bounds. It is time to return
their rightful powers to the state boards of pharmacy. We hear a

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

smaller voice saying; The state enforcement agencies must func¬
tion properly if they are to regain and retain their authority. For,
we must prove that we are concerned with the public welfare as well
as with our personal security.

Today we see the emergence of the realization that pharmacists,
even as the members of other professions, are entitled to a “pro¬
fessional fee.” What’s new in this situation is that the pharmacists
are stymied by the shadow of collusion, while the manufacturers
show them the way by distributing more realistic pricing systems.

It is fitting that these vitally interesting subjects be left to
others to develop; while I devote the remainder of my paper to what
is new in the professional sphere of pharmacy.

Synergistic Drug Combinations

Eight years ago it was my pleasant duty to describe for you
some of the newer therapeutic developments. One subject that was
not mentioned then was drug combinations associated with the
terms: synergism, additive effect, and antagonism. Chemotherapy,
with the sulfonamides leading the way, was demanding tailor-made
molecules, each to counteract a specific organism or type of infec¬
tion. And then came the first therapeutically effective antibiotic,
penicillin. It was hailed as the possible realization of Ehrlich’s dream
of a universal sterilizer of the human host. Its limitations were duly
noted, but Fleming, Chain, Florey, and others had shown how man
could utilize growth by-products of microorganisms to fight other
microorganisms.

Now we have completed a cycle. Drug combinations and syner¬
gism, words that flowed easily from our tongues when I was a phar¬
macy student twenty-nine years ago, resound again in hallowed
halls. The practice of combining two or even more chemotherapeutic
drugs, as in the case of a four-sulfa mixture or a three-sulfa-anti¬
biotic preparation, is again the vogue. They say that the combina¬
tions are made on a more scientific basis now. But it is difficult to
convince an old-timer, who insists that a certain plant extract or the
powdered plant part is more efficacious than the alkaloid isolated
from the plant, that this is so. He will argue that the natural mix¬
ture is too complex, chemically and biologically, for ou" puny scien¬
tific efforts. I, for one, will not argue with him. So, let us consider
the newer agents.

Some indications for combined therapy are: urgent undiagnosed
infections; mixed and double infections, such as in peritonitis; and
prevention of toxic effects, as in the use of smaller amounts of com¬
bined sulfonamides to minimize the risk of crystal deposition.

Prevention of acquired resistance demands attention. Acquired
bacterial resistance to drugs is a change which threatens to even¬
tually nullify the usefulness of many antibiotics. It is believed that

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

sulfonamides exert their antibacterial action by interfering with an
Essential function of the microorganism. Antibiotics probably act
in a similar way. A resistant bacterial mutant would have altered
the susceptible function, establishing an alternate reaction in its
metabolism. If a second drug will block this alternate metabolic
road, the microorganism will remain sensitive. Experience has
shown that more than two drugs can be required to achieve this
effect. Carpenter et al (1) found that gonococci could be prevented
from acquiring resistance to sulfathiazole, Rivanol, Promin, and
penicillin, only by using all four drugs together. A combination of
the first three was not fully effective. Streptomycin, notorious for
its stimulation of resistant strains, is useful for longer periods in
the treatment of tuberculosis when given with paraaminosalicylic
acid or isoniazid or both.

A new definition of (antibacterial) synergism is: A large in¬
crease in the rate of early bactericidal action and the rate of cure of
infections beyond that obtainable by simple additive effects of the
agents (2). Jawetz and Gunnison (3) showed that an optimal con¬
centration of penicillin does not completely kill Strei). faecalis; but if
streptomycin is also added, even in less than its optimal concentra¬
tion, the initial bactericidal rate is accelerated and continues to
complete sterilization. This synergistic action is the basis for the
use of these two antibiotics in the treatment of Strep, faecalis endo¬
carditis. This combination has controlled such infections after fail¬
ures with aureomycin, chloramphenicol, and other drugs in different
cases. This specific application of the penicillin-streptomycin com¬
bination should not lead to the assumption that they will exert a
synergistic action against other bacterial infections.

We remember instances when we ridiculed “shot-gun” mixtures
as a waste of some of the ingredients and of the compounder’s time.
But the “shot-gun” mixtures of antibiotics can evoke more serious
objections. The indiscriminate use of a penicillin-streptomycin com¬
bination in patients, many of whom would probably not benefit from
the streptomycin, might cause such effects as toxic reactions, sensi¬
tization, or the stimulation of drug-resistant bacterial forms.

A recently marketed product contains sulfadiazine, sulfamera-
zine, sulfamethazine, and dibenzylethylenediamine dipenicillin G, with
methyl, butyl, and propyl esters of p-aminobenzoic acid. Here we
have a synergistic mixture of antibacterial and antifungal parabens
to protect the synergistic combination of antibiotic agents. The ra¬
tional basis for the combination of the antibotics is found in reports
(4, 5) that penicillin, which is active only against multiplying bac-

(1) Carpenter, C. M., Bahn, J. M., Ackerman, H., and Stokinger, H. E., Proc.

Soc. Exptl. Biol., 60:168 (1945).

(2) Jawetz, E., and Gunni.son, J. B., Antibiotics and Chemother, 2:243 (1952).

(3) Jawetz, E., and Gunnison, J, B., J. Lab. Clin. Med., 35:488 (1950),

(4) Hobby, G. L., and Dawson, M. H., J. Bact., 51:477 (1946).

(5) Klein, M., and Kalter, S. S., J. Bact., 51:95 (1946).

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

teria, rapidly reduces the number of living staphylococci, but the
initial rapid decline might be followed by bacterial recovery and
growth; and, although combined administration with a sulfonamide
slows the initial killing rate of penicillin, tne sulfonamide is effec¬
tive against the reduced number of surviving bacteria and completes
the extinction. Clinical reports (6, 7) indicate the value of combina¬
tions of penicillin and sulfadiazine in pneumococcal meningitis;
and of streptomycin and sulfadiazine in brucellosis. The latter com¬
bination was the most effective treatment for brucellosis until the
discovery of aureomycin and chloramphenicol.

Jawetz and Gunnison (8) state that no general rules about
therapeutic synergism and antagonism can be offered. The same
pair of antibiotics can exhibit either effect against different organ¬
isms, according to their degrees of sensitivity. Different concentra¬
tions of the same antibiotics can cause both synergistic or antagon¬
istic effects. Some infections will require laboratory tests to deter¬
mine proper additive or synergistic combinations. But if the patient’s
condition does not permit the required delay before treatment, com¬
binations of antibiotics according to their classification as bacteri¬
cidal or bacteriostatic agents can be tried. Penicillin, streptomycin,
bacitracin, and neomycin are bactericidal, and any combination
within this group can often be synergistic if each drug is partially
effective. Aureomycin, chloramphenicol, and Terramycin are bac¬
teriostatic. Combinations among these three are usually no more
than additive in their combined effect.

Eight years ago we referred to the hope that the new antibiotics
would be the key to the universal sterilizer sought by Ehrlich. A
few weeks ago, Dr. C. A. Smith, Assistant Chief of the Venereal Di¬
sease Division, U. S. Public Health Service, reported that in 125
syphilitic patients treated with a single injection of 2,500,000 units
of dibenzylethylenediamine dipenicillin G (Bicillin, Wyeth), appar¬
ent cures in at least 94 per cent of the cases were noted after a
check-period of one year, and some of the patients included in the
6 per cent had been reinfected. Dr. Smith hailed the long-acting
penicillin derivative as the possible “Magic Bullet” of Ehrlich’s
dream for treatment of syphilis (9).

New Antimalaidals

A recent report on the evaluation of Camoquin (Parke, Davis)
shows that with 3 8 Indian soldiers suffering with malaria, a single
treatment using 0.5 Gm. and repeating the dose in six hours cleared
all the cases, and only two patients had relapses. Another report
of the administration of a single dose of Camoquin to 496 patients

Waring, A. J., and Smith. M. H. D.. J. A, M, A., 126:418 (1944),

(7) Smith, H. V., Duthie, E. S., and Cairns. H.. Lancet. 1:18.') (1946).

-Tawetz, E., and Gunnison, J. R., J. A. M. A., 150:693 (1952),

(9) Smith, C. A., J. A. Ph. A., Pract. Pharm. Ed., 14:342 (June, 1953.)

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

in Brazil resulted in the disappearance of the fever within 4 days
in all the cases (10).

Daraprim (Burroughs Wellcome and Co.) is offered as a new
antimalarial. One or two doses of 50 mg. should be given for an
acute attack of malaria. In vivax (benign tertian) malaria, the ini¬
tial dosage is followed by 25 mg. of Daraprim once weekly for 8
to 10 weeks to eradicate relapsing forms.

The importance of the antimalarials can be appreciated when
one notes that each year more than 13 per cent of the world’s popu¬
lation suffers from malaria.

New Aiitihypertensive Drugs

Dr. P. W. Clough, in a recent editorial, noted the discovery of
drugs such as hexamethonium and hydrazinophthalazine (Apreso-
line), which are effective in maintaining a lowered blood pressure,
as a major advance in the control of hypertension (11). He sum¬
marized his views on the use of these drugs with the statement:
“Treatment with these drugs is still in the experimental stage, par¬
ticularly in combination. They are powerful agents, dangerous if
clumsily used.” He urged that treatment with them be started in a
hospital and continued there until a relatively stable dosage is es¬
tablished. After that, close observation of the patient is still im¬
perative.

A recent development is the return to favor of a plant drug,
Veratrum virkle. Its sympatholytic action has been helpful in the
treatment of hypertension. Now the alkaloids extracted from the
drug are being used in preparations such as Veriloid (Riker Labs.)
and Vergitryl (E. R. Squibb). These products also require constant
supervision during administration.

Now we have another plant hypotensive, Rauwolfia serpentina,
which grows in the foothills of the Himalaya mountains in India.
The powdered drug, in tablets (Raudixin, E. R. Squibb), was given
to more than 100 hypertensive patients by Drs. Wilkens and Judson
(12). Their report indicates that the tablets cause sedation and im¬
prove sleep, although occasionally they cause nightmares. The tab¬
lets seem to be well tolerated when taken orally, 1 to 3 tablets a
day. The hypotensive action is slow to appear (3 to 6 days) and
to disappear (7 to 21 days), and chronic effects may not become
fully apparent in less than six weeks. No serious side effects were
reported, although the drug did cause bradycardia, nasal congestion,
increase in weight, and slightly increased bowel action in some
patients. Additive or synergistic effects were observed when Rau¬
wolfia serpentina was given with another plant drug, Veratrum

(10) Singh, Inder, and Kalyanum, T. W., Brit. Med. J., 4779:312 (1952).

(11) Clough, P. W., “Editorial,” Annals Internal Med., 38:142 (Jan,, 1953).

(12) Wilkens, R. W., and Judson, W. E., New England J, Med., 248:48 (1953),

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

viride, or with hydrazinophthalazine, or in combination with the
other two drugs.

Clinical Use of ACTH and Cortisone

A summary of the actions of the adrenocorticotropic hormone,
ACTH, which stimulates the gladular production of cortisone, and
of administered cortisone by R. A. Kern (13) presents a judicious
picture of their merits and shortcomings. Once again the fact is
stressed that these substances may bring symptomatic relief but no
curative effect. If the cause of the symptoms still exists when hor¬
mone administration is stopped, the symptoms will recur. Prolonged
treatment for chronic disease may cause serious complications, and
if large doses are required, toxic manifestations are not uncommon.
Cushing’s syndrome may result unless the dosage of ACTH or cor¬
tisone is lowered or the drug is discontinued at the first appearance
of fullness of face, acne, and slight edema. Edema resulting from
sodium retention with subsequent potassium loss and hypochloremic
alkalosis may be controlled by limiting salt intake and administer¬
ing 2 Gm. of potassium chloride daily. Asthmatic patients should
receive potassium iodide.

Spontaneous fractures resulting from osteoporosis, slow wound
healing, and increase in blood coagulability which might cause
thromboses have been reported after prolonged steroid therapy. Con¬
vulsions may occur in asthmatic patients. Prolonged administration
of ACTH or cortisone can aggravate diabetes or favor development
of allergy to the drug, with ACTH being the more frequent sen¬
sitizer.

Specific contraindications to the use of ACTH and cortisone
include: active infections, particularly pulmonary tuberculosis, bru¬
cellosis, streptococcal infections, poliomyelitis, and malaria; peptic
ulcer; chronic liver disease; diverticulitis; severe hypertension; any
degree of circulatory failure; dermatomyositis; osteoporosis; severe
diabetes; Cushing’s syndrome; and old age.

ACTH and cortisone are indicated in the following acute con¬
ditions :

1. Allergic conditions, including serum sickness, drug reactions,
contact dermatitis, trichinosis, Loffler’s syndrome, Lipiodol
sensitivity, status asthmaticus, and severe asthma of com¬
plicated etiology.

2. Infectious diseases such as severe rheumatic fever, Water¬
house-Friderichsen syndrome, severe pneumonia with organ¬
ism and antibiotic sensitivity known, and severe typoid fever.

3. Medical conditions such as erythema multiforme, lipoid
nephrosis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura not asso-

(13) Kern, R. A., Pennsylvania Med. J., 55:1184 (1952); through Modern Med
21:64 (May 1, 1953).

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

ciated with hypoplastic bone marrow, and spontaneous idio¬
pathic hypoglycemia,

4. Surgical emergencies such as particularly severe intractable
surgical shock, acute peritonitis, extensive burns, and pre¬
operative preparation for removal of adrenal tumor.

5. Inflammatory conditions of the eye such as interstitial kera¬
titis.

ACTH and cortisone therapy is indicated in the following
chronic conditions in the order of diminishing effectiveness:

1. Chronic types of arthritis such as rheumatoid arthritis.

2. Allergic diseases, including beryllosis, Schonlein-Henoch pur¬
pura, atopic eczema, angioneurotic edema, and asthma.

3. Collagen diseases, speciflcally lupus erythematosus, peri¬
arteritis nodosa, and scleroderma.

4. A group of diseases of unknown etiology such as ulcerative
colitis, regional ileitis, chronic exfoliative dermatitis, and
pemphigus.

ACTH and cortisone are indicated as replacement therapy in
adrenal and pituitary deflciencies.

There is something new in pharmacy. Extremely valuable drugs
that require more time to recite their dangers than to mention their
therapeutic indications. Again we see that condition of modern
therapy where the prescriber must weigh the risks against the need
for the good that might result from the administration of potent
drugs.

Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis

In a discussion of medications for rheumatoid arthritis, J. Lans-
bury (14) refers to this speciflc use of ACTH and cortisone, and
states that these agents should be used only when all other measures
have failed and the patient is rapidly getting worse. Small doses
should be employed originally and gradually increased to a level of
not more than 50 or 65 mg. of cortisone or 15 to 20 mg. of ACTH
daily. It is pointed out that if large original doses are given, the
patient will be forever trying to recapture the temporary euphoria
and pain-free state first obtained. Along with these agents, physio¬
therapy and other rehabilitative measures must be employed si¬
multaneously.

Very small doses of cortisone, 10 to 25 mg. daily, may be used
in depleted cases to improve appetite and nutrition and, occasionally,
at the beginning of a course of gold therapy before the gold effect
is established. When the steroid drug is to be discontinued, the
effect should be tapered with diminishing doses of ACTH.

(14) Lansbury, J., Delaware State Medical J., 25:29 (1953); through Modern Med.,
21:158 (May 15, 1953).

The M A RY L D PHARMACIST

Compound F, hydrocortisone, is particularly useful when in¬
jected locally into joints in 25 to 37.5-mg. doses.

Lansbury recommends the use of salicylates, for their pain-
relieving properties, in all cases of rheumatoid arthritis. He pre¬
scribes 15 grains of acetylsalicylic acid on awakening, fifteen min¬
utes before getting up, to relieve early morning stiffness; and 5 to
10 grains every four hours during the day.

Butazolidin has approximately 8 times the analgesic action of
the salicylates. The average dose is 100 mg. two or three times a
day, but discomfort returns as soon as the drug is discontinued.

Undesirable side effects such as anorexia, nausea, bloating, pain
resembling that with peptic ulcer, gastric hemorrhage, morbiliform
skin rashes, anemia, and leukopenia occur in about one-fourth of
the patients treated with Butazolidin. The drug should be admin¬
istered only when the risk is justified, and serial blood counts
should be made to detect leukopenia and bone marrow suppression.

Lansbury states that gold salts are still the most valuable
agents in the management of rheumatoid arthritis if properly used.
Gold therapy is worth a trial in all but the far advanced ankylosed
cases, but it is not effective in rheumatoid spondylitis and should
not be given to patients with liver or kidney disease or low leuko¬
cyte and platelet counts. The patient receives, on successive days,
1, 3, 6, and 15 mg. of sodium aurothiosulfate in 1 cc. of sterile water
intramuscularly. After this test dose, the patient is examined for
signs of intoxication; a white blood count, and differential count,
and urinalysis are made. If no untoward results are found, 25 mg.
of the drug is given intramuscularly twice weekly for six weeks.
Once a week the blood counts and urinalysis should be repeated, and
before each injection of gold the patient should be questioned about
itching, skin rashes, sore gums, diarrhea, and polyuria. If no signs
of intoxication exist, 25 mg. of gold salts can be given once a week
for an indefinite period. If remission is complete after 1 Gm. of
gold salt has been injected, the dosage can be tapered gradually
until 25 mg. is given intramuscularly once a month. If relapse oc¬
curs, the dosage should be stepped up promptly to twice weekly in¬
jections. BAL, cortisone, and ACTH are effective for treating toxic
complications arising during gold treatment.

When an infectious element is associated with rheumatoid arth¬
ritis, the administration of antibiotics, especially Terramycin, is
sometimes efficacious.

In discussing the agents of therapeutic merit in rheumatoid
arthritis, Lansbury observes that none replaces a program of rest,
physical therapy, and the usual symptomatic and supportive

measures.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Drug Treatment of Epilepsy

Noting that epilepsy may frequently be so refractory to therapy
that any new drugs may be welcomed, Drs. Perlstein and Mizell (15)
hold that no drug has been discovered which is effective in all types
of seizure. They stress the fact that the therapy of epilepsy includes
more than drug therapy, with the control of other factors of im¬
portance. However, on the basis of their study, they conclude: 1.
Phenobarbital is the drug of choice for grand mal seizures in chil¬
dren, and Dilantin or combinations of the two drugs is best for
adults. 2. Mesantoin is the drug of choice when both grand mal
and petit mal coexist. 3. Bromides may be employed when none
of the above is effective. 4. Tridione and Paradione are the drugs
of choice for petit mal. Both of these drugs have a synergistic toxic
effect with Mesantoin. 5. Prenderol is effective in controlling petit
mal spells. 6. Phenurone is an all-purpose drug, being effective in
psychomotor spells, where it is more efficacious than any other
drugs; it is also beneficial in grand mal and petit mal. 7. Gemonil
has the unique property of being more effective in organic brain
disease than in idiopathic form, and particularly in myoclonic spells.
It is pointed out that combinations of the drugs may be tried, except
where contraindicated, and that the toxic potentialities of the drugs
should be kept uppermost in the mind of the physician. It is also
important to note that control of hygenic and psychiatric factors is
an important adjunct to the drug therapy of epilepsy.

Qiiiiiidine Therapy for Auricular Fibrillation

A recent reevaluation of the therapeutic use of quinidine (16)
offers the following conclusions: Since a particular dose of quinidine
may prove effective in one patient and ineffective or even toxic in
another, and since there is as yet no reliable method, of predicting
the reaction, the safety of the patient demands that individual
clinical response be the guide to dosage. The initial use of small
doses at frequent intervals, with gradual increase in size and num¬
ber of doses, constitutes the safest approach. It is inadvisable to
give more than 30 grains (1.94 Gm.) of quinidine a day to any
patient. When larger doses are required for restoration of normal
sinus rhythm, it is extremely difficult or impossible to maintain
regularity for any length of time. Digitalization prior to treatment
with quinidine sulfate and maintenance digitalis therapy thereafter
are essential. Oral administration of quinidine is the method of
choice whenever it is practical. Intravenous administration of quini¬
dine sulfate should be reserved for cases in which death appears im¬
minent and emergency measures are imperative. The use of blood
levels of quinidine as an index of required dosage is dangerous,

(15) PerMein, M. A., and Mizell, I., Quart. Bull. Northwestern Univ. Med School,

27:59 (Spring, 1953).

(16) Weisman, S. A., J. A. M. A., 152:496 (June 6, 1953),

The M A RY L A:N D PHARMACIST

since intensity of cardiac effect cannot be exactly correlated with
concentration of the drug in the blood. Should the laboratory deter¬
minations be used as a guide for administration, instead of the pa¬
tient’s clinical reaction, it is feared that quinidine might again fall
into disrepute as a cardiac therapeutic agent. Such a possibility
must sound strange to pharmacists who remember the feverish ef¬
forts to accumulate stocks of quinidine during World War II. The
reason for preliminary and concurrent digitalis therapy when quini¬
dine is to be administered is that a fibrillating heart is not a fully
compensated one and the digitalis strengthens and sustains the heart
against the myocardial depressant action of the quinidine.

Drugs and Stimulants in Coronary Disease
The value of certain drugs and alcoholic stimulants in dilating
the arteries to relieve patients with coronary disease was the subject
of a paper presented before the Scientific Session of the American
Heart Association on April 11 (18). A new technique was used to
observe the modifying action of the various agents on patients’
responses to a standard exercise test, as recorded on the electro¬
cardiograph. The most effective agent was found to be nitroglycerin,
long used for artery-dilation purposes. Next best was Peritrate
(pentaerythritoltetranitrate, Warner-Chilcott) . Papaverine, given in
large doses, also proved effective. The ability of alcohol to relieve
pain in angina pectoris appeared, according to these tests, to be
based entirely on a sedative action.

“Blind Placebos’’ in the Evaluation of Drugs
Dr. H. F. Hailman (19), in a letter to the J. A. M. A., writes:
“There are two main reasons why it is necessary to employ the
‘blind placebo’ in the accurate evaluation of a given therapeutic
agent: (a) to prevent the tendency of the investigator to overlook
the natural course of a given disease, and (b) to rule out psycholog¬
ical factors on the part of both physician and patient.’’ Data from
five investigational reports involving administration of drugs and
placebos to different patients afflicted with conditions including colds,
angina, sore throats, and skin infection (the ointment base was the
placebo) show that in some series the response to the drug and the
placebos are very much alike. There is a tendency for the investi¬
gator to look for the good in a drug if he is trying to discover a new
cure, and the blind placebo helps to overcome the psychological
variables.

Misuse of Antibiotic Troches

The editorial warning to physicians in the June 6, 1953 issue
of the J. A. M. A. regarding the misuse of antibiotic troches can

(18) Russek, H. I., Discussion, Am. Heart Assoc., Atlantic City, N.J., April 11,
1953.

(19) Hailman, H. F., J. A. M. A., 151:1430 (April 18, 1953),

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

well be repeated for pharmacists. While it has been observed that
in superficial infections of the throat the local administration of
penicillin, aureomycin, oxytetracycline (Terramycin) , bacitracin, and
other antibiotic and chemotherapeutic agents may be effective, their
value as topical agents diminishes when the pathogenic microor¬
ganisms have penetrated deeply into the tissues. Recent reports
(20) emphasize some of the reactions that follow the use of aureo¬
mycin, oxytetracycline, and procaine penicillin G troches in a group
of 343 patients. A control group of 175 patients received placebo
troches, in which an inert filler replaced the antibiotics. Untoward
reactions occurred in 51 of 100 patients receiving aureomycin
troches, in 3 8 of 100 patients receiving procaine penicillin G troches,
and in 76 (53.2 per cent) of 143 patients receiving oxytetracycline
troches. The reactions to the troches were sufficiently severe to war¬
rant discontinuance of therapy in 14 per cent of the aureomycin, in
11 per cent of the penicillin, and in 14.7 per cent of the oxytetracy¬
cline treated cases. Although the reactions primarily involved the
gastrointestinal tract, severe glossitis, stomatitis, and pharyngitis
occurred in 8, 6 and 9 per cent of the respective groups. Some of
the oropharyngeal reactions to the three types of antibiotic troches
persisted for from 1 to 21 days. No oral or pharyngeal reactions
were observed in the group of 175 patients who received the placebo
troches.

Ion Exchange Materials

Some new pharmaceuticals that are offered for the removal of
sodium ions from the digestive system, before the sodium passes
into the blood, contain ingredients such as ammonium and potas¬
sium polystyrene sulfonate (Katonium, Winthrop-Stearns Inc.), am¬
monium or potassium salts of carboxylic acid resins (21), or other
cation exchange materials. These products are recommended for
use in the treatment of congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, nephrosis,
and hypertension, or other conditions where a salt-free or low salt
diet is desirable.

In the hydrochloric acid medium of the stomach, the potassium
and ammonium cations that are bound to the insoluble complex
resins are exchanged for hydrogen ions and form potassium and
ammonium chlorides. The slurry of resins, now holding hydrogen
ions, passes into the less acid or neutral or slightly alkaline medium
of the lower small intestine, where the hydrogen ions are exchanged
for the undesirable sodium.

The hydrogen-bearing resin will exchange hydrogen for potassium
as well as for sodium, but the potassium that was taken from the
administered resin mixture when it was in the stomach compen-

(20) Kutscher, A. H., Budowsky, J., Lane, S. L., and Childton, N. W., J. Allergy,

24:164 (March, 1953) ; ibid., 23:177 (March, 1952).

(21) “Ion Exchansre Resins in Medicine and Pharmacy, II,” Amber-Hi-Lites, No. 22,

2 (May, 1953).

The M A RY L A:N D PHARMACIST

sates for the potassium that is removed during the passage of the
resin mixture through the intestine.

Weakly basic anion exchange resins (Amberlite XE-5 8, a polya¬
mine sulfonated resin, Rohm and Haas; polyamine-methylene resin,
N. N, R.) act as antacids by temporarily binding the hydrochloric
acid in the stomach and releasing the acid as the resin slurry passes
through the intestine.

Combined with other absorbents such as sodium aluminum sili¬
cate or magnesium aluminum silicate, anion exchange resin (Amber¬
lite XE-58) is used for the removal of intestinal toxins in gastro¬
intestinal tract infections, nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, and
diarrhea.

Terra sigillata (sealed earth) probably had some adsorptive or
ion exchange properties (22). Mixed with wine it was taken as an
antidote against poisons. The Greek physician who described its
use claimed it was good against strokes and for the treatment of
snake or scorpion bites. Of course, terra sigillata is not new in
pharmacy. The Greek physician was Dioscorides, and he described
the medicine about two thousand years ago.

New Compounding Procedures

A recent development in pharmacy is the increase in the number
of prescriptions for dermatologic medication. It is a particularly
interesting development because more than one-third of these
prescriptions require extemporaneous compounding. Any factor that
tends to increase the amount of compounding performed by phar¬
macists is important. Our prescription compounding practice is the
most readily acceptable claim the retail pharmacist can offer for
professional status.

Those who attended the recent refresher or post graduate class,
conducted under the auspices of the School of Pharmacy and the
M. Ph. A., heard some very interesting discussions pertaining to the
active field of dermatology. We can stress again that the best way
to keep informed about the new compoupding procedures in this and
other fields is to read the current literature, particularly the Journal
of the American Pharmaceutical Association.

New Problems with New Drugs

According to Drs. Finland and Weinstein of the Harvard Medi¬
cal School, (23) the widespread use of antimicrobial agents may
have completely resolved many perplexing problems in the field of
infectious disease, but at the same time, it has created many new,
and even more perplexing problems. Toxic and allergic reactions

(22) “Ion Exchange Resins in Medicine and Phainnacy, I,” Amber-Hi-Lites, No. 21,

2 (March, 1953).

(23) Finland, M., and Weinstein, L., New England J. Med., 248:220 (February 5,

1953).

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

and others related to the biologic activities of the chemotherapeutic
agents are constantly reported. It is noted that none of the avail¬
able chemotherapeutic substances is free of the potentialities of
causing trouble. The risk of development of serious reactions varies
with each, but two types of reaction are common to all. These are
the development of hypersensitivity and the emergence and increase
of antibiotic-resistant organisms. This report was prepared with no
intention of minimizing the great value to be gained from the use
of the new “wonder drugs” but the dangers inherent in their use
must be emphasized.

To that statement, we, as pharmacists concerned with the public
health and welfare, can say: “Amen.”

The third speaker of the afternoon was introduced by Vice-Presi¬
dent Muehlhause. As a speaker of repute thoroughly familiar with the
problems of the profession of Pharmacy, Mr. Martin Simpson
Manager of Retail Sales, Lederle Laboratories, spoke on “‘Your Stake
In The Manufactureers’ Label.”

YOUR STAKE IN THE MANUFACTURER'S LABEL
Martin Simpson, Manager Retail Sales, Lederle Laboratories

If you were up here in front and I were out there where you are,
our positions would be more nearly correct for fhis meeting.

Certainly in any discussion of pharmaceuticals you should
do the telling and I should do the listening. The only excuse
for my being up here is that in my work I am in a position to
observe the subject of pharmaceuticals in two opposite directions
— in the direction of the making of medicines and in the
direction of the dispensing of medicines. From this vantage point,
I have observed certain things which may be useful to you.
For ithis reason, I will not attempt to make a speech but only to
report to you as an observer.

For example, if I have appraised some of your problems
correctly, one of them is a lack of customer realization of all that is
involved in making new drugs available to the public. I doubt
that many of your customers have any conception of the training
of a pharmacist, of the knowledge and skill he must gain, of the
professional, moral economic and physical responsibilities on him.

Nor is the public aware of all that is entailed in the creation of
new, health-giving and life-saving drugs.

This lack of understanding, which is in no way anyone’s
fault, but is a situation we must deal with — this lack of under¬
standing manifests itself in criticism of the druggist’s charges,
of the price of prescriptions, in the misuse of drugs through false
economy, and in many other ways.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

The pharmacist, the pharmaceutical manufacturer, the doctor,
the pharmacologist and everyone connected with the development,
manufacture and dispensing of drugs need to do all we can to
acquaint the public with the scope of your business and mine.

For instance, you know, but few of the lay public know, “What’s
Behind A Label’’, what made the label on the bottle possible, all
the intricate steps that precede the filling and labeling of the bottle.

When one picks up a bottle containing a new drug or medicine
and reads the label for the first time, how does he know that it
is pure, that it will do what the manufacturer says it will do,
and that it will not produce some obscure toxic manifestation which
might be extremely detrimental to life? As we read the new
names such as Hibicon, Cortisone, Artane, Terramycin, Chloromy¬
cetin, Hetrazon, Varidase, Priscoline, Aureomycin, and countless
others which have made themselves known to us during the past
few years, it becomes obvious that we must depend upon the
integrity and honesty and care taken by the individuals responsible
for placing that new compound in the bottle.

The compound may not even have been made originally for
the purpose for which it is to be used. It may have been an
interesting intermediate in the dyestuff industry, or a plasticizer
for some of the work in plastics, or perhaps some new brightener
,tc be used in the dye industry. But it, or some of its relatives,
may have found its way into the realm of human medicine. This
path by which it arrives into the realm of human medicine is a
long, tedious, but interesting highway.

As preparation for my coming to this meeting, I sat down
with one of our pharmacologists at Pearl River and asked him to
review for me the course of a new medicine from the inception of the
research to the labeling of the bottle. I would like to report to
you as an observer, as briefly as possible, what he told me because
I think it is the story we need to pass along, in part at least,
to the lay public.

One of the first points made by our pharmacologist was the
fact that in pharmaceutical research, the researcher is faced with
flat failure 99 percent of the time. Only one percent comes out in
a positive way that leads to the happy results everyone seeks.

When an entirely new chemical substance presents itself and
is one among perhaps several thousand to be tested, there is really
no way of accurately estimating what its action might be. The
slightest chemical change may alter almost completely its physio¬
logical effect.

So, the pharmacologist must develop various so-called screen
tests or screening programs to elucidate certain types of action.
He must devise tests to evaluate analgesic drugs, antispasmodic

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

drugs, sedative drugs, central nervous system stimulants, circulatory
stimulants and depressants, anticonvulsants, and so on.

This is one of the terrific iproblems in pharmacology. The
pharmacologist must attempt to produce a condition or set of
conditions in the animal under laboratory environment which, in
.the human, is a pathological state and one which requires treat¬
ment. It is quite a problem to produce a suitably controlled and
reproducible pain, for example, in an animal, and evaluate how
serious this pain is and whether or not one has been able to
decrease its severity by the addition of drugs. It is equally
hard to produce an epileptic rat or cat in order to test such drugs
as may be desirable for the treatment of human epilepsy. It is
likewise difficult to produce a rabbit with “Green Apple Colic.”

The pharmacologist, therefore, is constantly confronted with
very major problems in developing a rapid screening program
which will allow him to evaluate hundreds of compounds in a
comparatively short time. He cannot take a week or even a day to
evaluate one compound, so vast is the area of new substances
being produced chemically.

Even at this point the pharmacologist is only beginning. It
is one thing to establish that a certain compound kills a certain
strain of Staphylococcus in Vitro, but quite a different problem
to establish that the same compound in non-toxic doses will killl
the same organism when it is infecting the animal body. The
body may do something to the compound before it attacks the
organisms; or the organisms might be modified by the host organism
in such a way that the new compound will not attack them.
Another problem is to determine whether or not a substance which
acts one way on an isolated living animal tissue will have the
same action when that organ is a part of the whole organism and
functioning under normal conditions. The drug may be entirely
changed by some of the body fluids, the body pH, the liver, or
some other tissue.

Up to this time, the investigator has not been too much con¬
cerned whether the compound he is testing is toxic or not. He
may not have even tested its toxicity. When the desired action,
however presents itself, the question of other body effects must be
determined.

There is another major question to answer. The particular
active compound may not be good enough to be of value in the
service of mankind, so it may have to be surveyed chemically.
The chemist may set to work making a number of derivatives
related to the original. This could easily involve a year’s work
of the chemist’s and pharmacologist’s time in evaluating which of a
large series of compounds that might be made would be the most
desirable as a remedial agent.

The MARYLAl^D P H AR M A C I & T

Our pharmacologist, at this point in his review, gave me a spe¬
cific example. He said: Let us assume that after testing hundreds
or perhaps thousands of compounds, an active substance that might
he a good anticonvulsant in grand mal epilepsy seems to have been
created. The compound is chemically pure, it has been analyzed
and the formula determined, and we have sufficient quantities for
further use. Now the real work is ready to begin. Before one
dares to place this compound in a bottle and recommend to a
physician that it be tried out in the human 'body, one must know
its pharmacodynamic characteristics.

While it prevents a convulsion, what might it be doing to
other body functions? What will happen when it is given to
animals every day for a week, or a month, or even a year? What
happens when it is injected intramuscularly or intravenously, or
accidentally taken in overdosage?

What are the symptoms produced when the dose, is pushed to
its maximum? What is the maximum dose that will be tolerated,
not only when given once but when repeated many times? All
of these answers must be gleaned before anyone dares give the
compound to the human being.

A long and careful laboratory evaluation then begins on this
compound and the pharmacologist becomes the “devirs advo¬
cate.” It is his business to find out, not what are the good things
about the compound at the moment, but what are the 'bad things
that it might do. Will it cause a serious drop in blood pressure
if overdosed? Will it damage the kidneys in its excretion? Is it
metabolized in the body into a non-toxic innocuous substance that
is easily handled, or is it stored in some tissue, later to become a
menace to the function of that tissue? Or does the body become
refractory to it so that in a short time it has no beneficial action?
All of these, and more questions must be answered on perhaps
thousands of animals, involving several species, before this new
substance reaches human trials.

Several hundred pages of data have now been collected indi¬
cating that the compound is controlling convulsions of the grand
mal type and does not produce serious changes in other 'body
functions. The pharmacologist is then at the point where he can
enlist the aid of physicians who are interested in this type of
research, who have adequate clinical material at hand, and who
will try out this new drug for a particular mal function of the
human body.

Based upon effects in animals and compared with similar effects
of known substances both in animals and in humans, a probable dose
which should be safe but effective in the human can be estimated.
But this careful clinician will not try an estimated or recommended

100

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

dose at first. He will try a dose much smaller and gradually build
up to an effective or symptom-producing dose.

During this time the patients are carefully observed for any
side effects which may or may not have been seen in animals. Since
the physician is fully aware of all the various manifestations which
have been seen in animals, he watches for the same manifestations
in man. If, for example, he knows that the compound is apt to
cause some diuresis, he is not likely to try it at first, at least, in a
patient who has polyuria or any condition which would indicate
a weak kidney or some malfunction of the bladder.

After a number of patients have been tested and there has
probably been a considerable lapse of time, this physician may
report back that the compound is active and he feels it is worthy of
further trial.

Back in the laboratory, the pharmacologist then has a long,
tedious job ahead determining long-range chronic toxicity. He
wants to be certain that when that compound is given to him or his
family or anyone else’s family, it is (going to be efficacious, but is
not going to do damage. He wants to know that the heart muscle
can still do its thousands of foot pounds of work that it has to do.
He wants to know that the some seventy miles of small tubules in
his kidneys still function and resorb water and form urine, tubules
so small that over some 70 miles of them the total volume is some¬
where in the neighborhood of a small teaspoonful. Slightest damage
to their very delicate walls may completely upset the excretory
mechanism of the body.

The pharmacologist must know that dally dosing of this
compound to a little girl who has epilepsy is not going to so
damage her liver that in a period of a few years she will die from
hepatitis or a toxemia due to inadequate liver function. He must
know that the several acres of vascular bed over which our blood
surges is not going to be damaged so that the blood seeps out and
becomes petechial hemorrhages under the skin.

To answer some of these questions, it is necessary to begin again
with a large series of animals, including several species. After
adequate diagnostic tests, including kidney function, liver function,
excretory function of several kinds, hematology, etc., the animals are
placed on a regular long-range dosing schedule. If the compound
is one like hibicon or artane, we are interested in knowing what
might happen to the body or various tissues in the body when
subjected to it for years. To help us in that, young, weanling animals
such as rats, are selected for these tests. The animals receive the
compound daily, either in their regular diet or they may be dosed
orally by passing the stomach tube. Or the substance may be
injected if it is of an injectable nature. The dosing does on daily
for periods of six to twelve or even eighteen months. For a rat

The MARYLA^tfD PHARMACIST

101

this may be half or more of the life span. This carries the animal
through the developing adolescent stage, the young adult growth
period, the reproduction period, and on up into middle life. Some
ideas are gleaned of the changes, if any, that the drug may produce,
Several dose levels are employed here in an attempt to establish
what trouble might result if overdosing is continued.

Dogs play a very important role in this kind of procedure
because one is able to study their typical behaviorisms, their
response to the normal handling and care given to them, as well as
their growth, their feeding habits, various function tests on vital
organs.

After this long chronic experiment has yielded all the data
possible, final diagnostic tests are run and compared with the
original and intermediary tests taken. Sometimes movies are taken
of the animal’s normal activity. The animals are then autopsied and
turned over to the pathologist for both gross and microscopic exami¬
nation. Many animals are usually necessary since even the control
animals when kept for such a long period often develop spontaneous
variations in histology which might be classed as pathological.
This makes it necessary to examine a large number of animals and
make comparison between adequate control groups and treated
groups. The pathologist’s opinion here 'becomes extremely valuable.
He is especially interested in knowing whether or not during the
dosing period some abnormal function tests or behaviorisms have
been noted since this leads him automatically to that particular
tissue in the body concerned with that test.

When all this data, from the pharmacologist and the pathologist,
is gathered together and organized into a logical presentation and
the data from not one, but many clinicians on perhaps thousands
of patients over the past one or two years is gathered together,
the story is then presented to the Food and Drug Administration
in Washington.

The PDA must be satisfied that sufficient work has been done to
establish the efficacy, safety and therapeutic usefulness of the new
compound: that when used within proper reasonable limits by
credited physicians it is not going to do damage, but will be useful.

Of course, even then one can never rule out the possibility of
unforeseen idiosyncrasies because there are those among us who
cannot perhaps use ordinary table salt, or take aspirin, or perhaps
not even eat tomatoes because of some toxic manifestation which
results.

Frequently the Food and Drug Administration may desire some
more Information relative to the new drug’s efficiency, its purity,
or perhaps even its chronic toxicity, making it necessary to repeat
or extend some of the work already done. Or perhaps some test
which was overlooked may be suggested. The pharmacologist then

102

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

goes again into the laboratory to carry out these tests. He is just
as anxious as the Food and Drug Administrators that this compound
be what it is reported to be.

That’s ithe story of “What’s Behind A Label’’ as told to me
by one of Lederle’s Pharmacologists. And even that is only a
fraction of all that is involved in the creation of a new medicine.

Somehow those of us engaged in this business must get at
least a part of this story over to the public. A business such as
yours and mine which is a service to mankind, needs to be
understood, so that this service may benefit still greater numbers in
still more ways.

At the conclusion of Mr. Simpson’s address, President Wagnei
assumed the chair and adjourned the third session of the Convention.

FOURTH SESSION

Thursday, June 18, 1953

The fourth session of the Convention was called to order by
President Wagner at 9:30 A. M.

The president announced two history making innovations at this,
the Seventy-first Convention of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Asso¬
ciation. First, the organization of a Ladies Auxiliary with Mrs.
Charles S. Austin, Jr., elected the first President of the group;
second, a breakfast Club of all the Past Presidents of the Maryland
Pharmaceutical Association. Dr. Robert L. Swain, served as Chair¬
man of the first breakfast meeting, and Dr. George A. Bunting was
selected as the Chairman for the ensuing year. President Wagner
stated that there were twenty-five living past presidents, fourteen
were present at the breakfast. Messages from those who could not
attend were acknowledged.

Chairman Wagner called for a report of the Nomination Com¬
mittee. Frank L. Black, Chairman of the Committee, submitted the
following slate for the consideration of the convention:

REPORT OF THE NOMINATING COMMITTEE
FOR 1953 - 1954
Frank L. Black, Chairman

President — Otto W. Muehlhause, Baltimore
First Vice-President — ^Lester R. Martin, Cumberland
Second Vice-President — Hyman Davidov, Baltimore
Third Vice-President — Frank Macek, Baltimore
Executive Secretary — Joseph Cohen

The MARYL A :ND PHARMACIST 103

Secretary Emeritus — Melville Strasburger
Treasurer — John F, Wannenwetsch
Honorory President — Leahmer M. Kantner

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

Manuel B. Wagner, Chairman
Simon Solomon, Baltimore
Walter E. Albrecht, Glen Burnie
William J. Connor, Centreville
Carleton W. Hanks, Cumberland
Frank Block, Baltimore
Gordon A. Mouat, Baltimore
Samuel I. Raichlen, Baltimore
L. M. Kantner, Ex-ofRcio
Noel E. Foss, Ex-ofRcio

Recommendations to Governor McKeldin for the State Board of
Pharmacy:

Leahmer M. Kantner
John F. Wannenwetsch
Otto W, Muehlhause

Respectfully sul^mitted,

Charles S. Austin, Jr.

Frank Block

Howard L. Gordy

Simon Solomon

Frank L. Black, Chairman

No nominations were made from the floor. Motion was made
and passed — nominations be closed and Secretary cast the ballot
for the names submitted by the committee.

Chairman Wagner congratulated the new officers and members
of the Executive Committee and wished them Godspeed.

Under the heading of New Business, Mr. Morris L. Cooper, read
a message from Mr. George Stiffman, Chairman of Committee on
Increase of Membership of the A. Ph. A.

COMMITTEE ON INCREASE IN MEMBERSHIP OF A. PH. A.

George J. StifFman, Chairman

Under new business, I wish to make the suggestion or motion
to make the future Chairman on Increase in Membership A. Ph. A.,
the President of the Baltimore Branch. He represents the National
organization and it would be logical for him to see that steps are

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

lOJf

taken to increase the membership. I believe that Ben Gaboff is the
next President and with his personality and personal contacts,
he can further the advancement of the organization.

REPORT OP THE COMMTTEE ON RESOLUTIONS
Dr. Noel E. Foss, Chairman

RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that it vigorously oppose any and all
amendments to the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act which
would empower the Food and Drug Administration to inspect retail
drug stores on the ground that such power is totally unnecessary
inasmuch as adequate inspection is carried on as a routine function
by the state boards of pharmacy and other designated departments
of the state government, and

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that a copy of this resolution
be sent to all members of the Maryland delegation in Congress.

RESOLVED, by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that it earnestly request the secretary
of the Federal Department of Health, Education and Welfare to
give serious considerations to giving pharmacy representation in
its policy making body, and that a pharmacist be appointed to serve
on the staff of the Food and Drug Administration so that the pro¬
fession may have a voice and a responsibility in its administrative
and enforcement work in the field of retail pharmacy which has been
greatly expanded through the adoption of the Durham-Humphrey
Amendment to the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act; and

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that a copy of this resolution
be sent to each member of the Maryland delegation in Congress.

RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that it vigorously oppose any change
in the Robinson-Patman Act which would in any way tend to rein¬
state the unfair, unethical and unjust business practices and dis¬
criminatory price treatment which the Act was intended fully and
completely to outlaw; and

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that a copy of this resolution
be sent to each member of the Maryland delegation in Congress.

RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that it strongly favor the passage of
Senate Bill No. 1357 which will strengthen the Robinson-Patman
Act, and a copy of the resolution be sent to all members of Congress
from Maryland.

RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that it go on record as opposing HR

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

105

Bill No, 635 which would tend to emasculate the Fair Trade Act,
copy of this resolution to be sent to all members of Congress from
Maryland.

RESOLVED, by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that it vigorously condemn the man¬
ufacture of substitute, imitation and counterfeit prescription prod¬
ucts so that the evils which these products bring about may be cut
off at the manufacturer’s level; and

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that retail druggists be urged
to repudiate such products and refuse to have their stores in any
way identified with these highly unethical prescription products; and

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the association express the
policy that pharmacy as a public health profession cannot in any
manner or in the least degree be associated with these products or
engage in any practice which brings discredit to prescription work.

RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that pharmacists be urged fully, com¬
pletely and meticulously to avoid over the counter sales of prescrip¬
tion legend drugs, as such sales are not only contrary to federal and
state law, but is a practice which has resulted in lowering phar¬
macy’s standing with the public and undermining public confidence
in the integrity of the profession as a whole.

WHEREAS the general public is often misled and so frequently
the professional aspect of pharmacy is cast in the mire by signs in
public places and advertising in telephone directories and the public
press by such slogans as “we never substitute; only purest drugs
used in prescriptions; prescriptions compounded exactly as written;
prescriptions filled by registered pharmacists only” and other similar
terms

THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharma¬
ceutical Association that such signs and slogans be wholeheartedly
condemned and that pharmacists refrain from the use of such signs
and slogans.

RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that the association vigorously con¬
demn the giving of expensive and exorbitant gifts to physicians in
connection with their prescription departments, as such gifts com¬
promise the pharmacist who give and the physician who receive and
are not only highly detrimental to the progress and development
of pharmacy along sound professional and ethical lines but also
place their fellow pharmacists who are striving to keep the profes¬
sion on a high level at a serious disadvantage.

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The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that it go on record as opposing the
inclusion of the name of pharmacies or any other advertising by a
pharmacy on prescription blanks supplied to physicians, dentists,
or veterinarians. The Resolutions Committee recommended that
this resolution be referred to the Executive Committee for further
study.

RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that a careful study be made relative
to the need and desirability of increasing the dues of the members
in the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association so that the association
may be self-supporting. It is recommended that this resolution be
referred back to the Executive Committee for further study.

RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that it congratulate Eli Lilly and
Company and other pharmaceutical companies that initiated the
fight for the Fair Trade Act in connection with the iSchwegman case
for the support if the retail pharmacist.

RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that pharmacists be urged to restudy
their prescription department in relation to the drug store as a
whole so that it may be given that prominence and prestige which
will make the public regard it as truly the heart of the drug store,
in the belief that a true understanding of modern prescription prac¬
tice upon the part of the public is bound to give the drug store
a still firmer place in public opinion.

RESOLVED, by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that the retail pharmacists of the
state be urged to give greater effort and more sustained sales at¬
tention to cosmetics and toiletries, to the end that the drug store
may continue to enjoy a large share of this constantly growing
business, and thus contribute toward curbing the drift of these wide¬
ly used products into super-markets and other mass non-drug dis¬
tributors.

RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that it urge every retail pharmacist
of the state to give active and aggressive promotion and display
to nationally advertised brands of drugs, medicines, cosmetics,
toiletries, and other similar drug store products, so that the retail
drug store may be identified in the public mind as the safe, depend¬
able and reliable source of these strongly preferred consumer
products.

RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that we continue and even strengthen

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

107

our effort to improve pharmacy’s relations with the public, on the
ground that the more the public learns of pharmacy and the drug
store, and the more it appreciates and is impressed with its basic
importance of community life, the less inclined they will be to pur¬
chase drugs, medicines, and allied products in stores other than those
conducted by registered pharmacists.

BE IT RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association
in annual convention assembled, that every pharmacist of the state
be urged to study such matters as advertising, promotion, and mer¬
chandising, so that these essentials to successful retailing may be
used to the fullest extent not only to make the public more -phar¬
macy-conscious, but that they may be used to build still greater drug¬
store volume in the various categories of drug store merchandise.

RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that the retail pharmacists take a
more active interest in the monthly radio broadcasts by the Associa¬
tion, to the end that they may be more widely utilized in giving-
pharmacy and the drug store a higher place in public estimation and
esteem; and

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Secretary make some
arrangement through the drug stores for the public to be informed
as to the date and time when these broadcasts take place.

RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that it extend its sincere and pro¬
found thanks and congratulations to Dr. H. A. B. Dunning, for his
forthright leadership and highly constructive direction of the efforts
to bring to a successful conclusion the campaign for the erection
and dedication of the Kelly Memorial Building, which provides such
a highly satisfactory home for the association.

RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that it express Its profound apprecia¬
tion to Dr. Melville Strasburger for his leadership during the time
he served as secretary of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association
and Baltimore Retail Druggists’ Association and that he continue
to enjoy good health and serve many more years as emeritus secre¬
tary so as to give us the benefit of his sound advice and counsel.

RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that it commend Mr. Joseph Cohen for
his splendid accomplishments and the excellent manner in which he
has performed his duties as Executive Secretary of the Maryland
Pharmaceutical Association, and that it wishes him many more
successful years as Executive Secretary of the Association.

RESOLVED that the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association, in
annual convention assembled, that it express its gratitude to all the

108

The M A RY L Alf D PHARMACIST

speakers for their wonderful presentation on the different subjects
which have been very constructive and beneficial to the retail phar¬
macists.

BE IT RESOLVED, by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association
in annual convention assembled, express its sincere and deep appre¬
ciation to all manufacturers, wholesalers and all others whose as¬
sistance, financially and otherwise, contributed towards making this
convention a standout.

RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled that it express its deep gratitude to
Mr. and Mrs. John B. Lynch of the Commander Hotel for the hos¬
pitality, splendid accommodations, and the comfort accorded the
members and guests of the Association.

BE IT RESOLVED, by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association,
in annual convention assembled, that the Association commend the
T.A.M.P.A. for Its wholehearted support in helping to make this
convention a tremendous success; and

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that it also express its apprecia¬
tion to the General Chairman of the Convention — Gordon A. Mouat,
who also worked in close cooperation with the above group and
therefore helped to contribute to the success of the convention.

BE IT RESOLVED, by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association
in annual convention assembled, that it express its gratitude to the
Baltimore Sun and the Baltimore News-Post for the splendid pub¬
licity it has given our group during the year especially in keeping
the public informed of the many discoveries of new drugs in which
the pharmaceutical profession has played a significant part; and

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that a copy of this resolution
be sent to the editors of these newspapers.

RESOLVED by the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in
annual convention assembled, that it send a suitable remembrance
to Mr. E. E. Adams, the immediate past honorary president of the
Maryland Pharmaceutical Association, who is seriously ill in the
University Hospital.

The resolution on Prescription Blank Advertising caused some
controversy and was voted down.

Mr. Ogrinz raised the question of the legality of banning adver¬
tising material on prescription blanks. The New Jersey ruling in this
respect was cited by Mr. Ogrinz. The Secretary was instructed to
obtain more information from New Jersey. It was suggested that
perhaps advertising could be eliminated through ethical coopera¬
tion of the pharmacists.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

109

Dr. Kantner expressed the opinion that the name of the store
on a blank could do no harm and doubted if the Board of Pharmacy
had the authority to prevent it. Mr. Solomon disagreed with Dr.
Kantner, saying it put many pharmacies at a disadvantage. He
further said, there were a good many people who are under the
impression that they had to take the prescription to the store whose
name is printed on the blank.

After considerable discussion a substitute resolution was
introduced and adopted by the Convention which reads as follows:

The Maryland Pharmaceutical Association at its 71st Con¬
vention assembled, go on record as being opposed to imprinting
prescription blanks in order to further customer and physician
relationship and the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association Code
of Ethics be amended to include this resolution.

President Wagner introduced the speaker of the morning, Mr.
John A. McCartney, Manager, Trade Relations, Parke, Davis & Co.
Mr. McCartney’s topic was, “You Must Run to Stay Where You Are.”

"THIS LITTLE PILL WENT TO MARKET"

John A. McCartney, Manager, Trade Relations. Porfce Davis & Co.

You will probably feel that I have finally entered my second
childhood, since I intend to recite an old familiar nursery rhyme.
Undoubtedly many of you recall this familiar nursery jingle, and
no doubt many of you have recited it to your own children. It goes
something like this:

This little piggy went to market.

The next little piggy stayed home.

This little piggy had roast beef.

The next little piggy had none —

The last little piggy was a bad little piggy.

And cried all the way hOime.

This jingle, of course, makes very little sense, particularly
when it is recited on the serious program of a pharmaceutical
organization. However, if we change the wording just a little, I
believe you will agree that it touches upon some of the moist
serious aspects, and some of the most vexing problems of every
phase of the pharmaceutical industry, from research through manu¬
facturing, distribution, and finally, and perhaps most important,
retail sales. Let’s change the wording of “this little piggy went to
market,’’ and see what we get . . . how does this sound?

This little pill went to market.

The next little pill stayed home.

110

The M A RY L All D PHARMACIST

This little pill had value.

The next little pill had none,

The last little pill was a counterfeit pill,

And should not have been born!

I hope that the simple recitation of this doggerel immediately
focuses your attention on some of the points I would like to cover
here today, and on some of the problems which you have in your
own retail operation. Let’s take the new version a line at a
time, and see how it applies to the increasingly serious problems of
retail pharmacy, and particularly to the background of research,
development, and sale of modern pharmaceutical products, as they
affect the manufacturing drug industry, and in turn as they inevitably
affect you.

I’liis Little Pill Went to Mai*ket

The first line of this new version goes, as you have heard. . .
This Little Pill Went to Market. Behind any “little pill” which
goes to market are an enormous number of actions and reactions,
and in many instances a big investment in time and money. In
discussing this element, I would ask that you bear in mind that
the use of the term, “little pill,” is intended to indicate all newly
introduced pharmaceutical preparations, whether they be pills,
tablets, ampoules, or any other form of medication. It has
frequently been stated that over 90% of the prescriptions written
today, and at least that percentage of the drugs used by medicine
tdtday, could not have been obtained as short a time ago as 10
years. Certainly, if we go back only 20 years, it can be said that we
have seen an almost total revolution in the type of product avail¬
able, in the methods of therapy being used, and in the knowledge
of merchandise and operating methods required for a successful
retail drugstore function. This revolution has been, for most
people, a highly satisfactory one, in that it has forced a return
to the true mission of retail drug operation, but happily, at the
same time, it has resulted in an enormous increase not only in total
retail drug volume, but particularly in that part of the retail
store which, has been quite properly called the heart of the drug
store — the prescription department. Dr. Paul Olsen, of “Drug
Topics,” has recently reported that prescription volume for 1952
has shot up to the almost unbelievable volume of nearly one
billion dollars, and that this enormous revenue represents a total
which is at least five times greater than prescription volume less
than 15 years ago. This increase, which has multiplied prescription
volume over five times in those few short years, has been achieved
only because of the enormous investment in time and money
which has been made by the manufacturing pharmaceutical industry
in research and product development programs.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

111

The term “research” is such an all-embracing one that it
has become almost a too familiar word in our language. In some
instances, the term has been bandied about to justify the existence
of products which actually have little or no true research back¬
ground. I intend to talk about this phase a little later. But right
now I want to impress upon you the fact that research in the
modern drug industry is at one and the same time the biggest
business venture and the biggest gamble in pharmaceutical his¬
tory. Drug research is expensive — it takes a special kind of
brains, and a special kind of recklessness with money. The biggest
gambling houses in the country today, as Richard Gehman has
said, are not in Las Vegas or Reno, nor are they populated
by devil-may-care plungers. The heaviest gambling being done in
this country is in the conference rooms of our large industries,
and the bettors are the executives who run these corporatious.
The stakes involved are so enormous, in many instances, that they
would have caused old time, big time gamblers to shudder with
dismay at the apparent recklessness with which these sums were
laid on the line. It has been estimated that the research bets
placed in this country by intelligent, sober-minded business men
since 19 42 approximated ten billion dollars — a sum which is
actually over five times what the government spent making the
atom bomb! To emphasize the comparison between this research
investment and the odds which a gambler would expect, it is neces¬
sary to realize that this research investment stands a better than
even chance of being totally lost. The odds may be, and fre¬
quently are, as great as four to one. A considerable percentage
of the ten billion dollar figure represents the research gamble in the
pharmaceutical industry. In this industry, it has been estimated
that if one project in 20 results in finding a useful drug, the
pharmaceutical company doing the research feels that it has
done quite well. It is inaccurate, however, to assume that all
of the money spent on the other 19 research projects, which did
not pay off, was wasted, since, of course, much knowledge of
professional value is frequently obtained which cannot imme¬
diately be placed in the category of a profitable end product.

Many of the products we now consider not only familiar but
indispensable — nylon stockings, for example, or antirust and anti¬
freeze — were the end products of fundamental research that was
started with (a) no specific end in mind, and (b) no schedule for
accomplishment within a given period. This is true of hundreds
of products, such as some of the fabrics that make up our clothing,
parts of the cars we drive, materials of which our homes are con¬
structed, drugs that cure our ills, tools and instruments and
gadgets we use to make our lives more practical and pleasant.

Research begins with basic needs and desires. A scientist

112

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

•does not say, “Now I am going to work out a new drug that will
help cure TB.” He first studies the disease exhaustively. Then
he begins experimenting with various drugs and their effects,
or lack of them, on the disease. Then, when he has come close to
what he is seeking, he begins to work in an earnest on specific
problems.

I have emiphasized these points to impress upon you the
fact that long before a little pill goes tO' market, someone has
taken a daring and expensive gamble that money, and brains, and
time poured into the fundamental research behind the product
would pay off. We have mentioned here the astronomical figure of
ten billion dollars, and you might well ask, at this point, just
how much of this amount is research costs in the pharmaceutical
field, or as it may be more properly called, mediical field.
“Medical Economics’’ has recently published an original study
which indicates the various sources of research dollars in the
medical field, and their estimate of the contribution of the
pharmaceutical industry is that 33% of the total medical re¬
search dollars, or approximately sixty millions of dollars per
year is invested, or perhaps we should say, gambled, by the
pharmaceutical industry in the development of new products.

There is no evidence of any lessening of the research efforts
on the part of the pharmaceutical industry. New research labora¬
tories have been built, or are planned, by practically every major
pharmaceutical manufacturer. The reason is two-fold — ^first be¬
cause the passing years amply demonstrate the fundamental sound¬
ness of a heavily financed and adequately staffed research installa¬
tion; this in spite of the points made here that research investment
remains one of the world’s biggest gambles. And second, because
research tends to be a self perpetuating effort. Each new discovery
cpens new avenues of problem approach and new vistas of jobs
to be done.

The profound effects of research contributions on medical
practice during the past 10 or 20 years only serves to emphasize
the need for more and more research into those medical problems
and diseases which remain unsolved, or unconquered. I was im¬
pressed by an article written by Mr. Charles A. Thomas, President
of the Monsanto Chemical Company, who wrote in a recent issue
of “Drug and iCosmetic Industry’’ . . . that the United States spent
$^800,000,000 in 1941 on scientific research of all types, and that
he felt that this investment was completely justified by the result
achieved, but that many research goals remain unattained. Cer¬
tainly this is true in the pharmaceutical industry, and in medical
research in general, since we still have the medical problems which
are associated with a population whose average age is increasing. In
truth, it might be said that the very achievements so far made by

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

113

research in th« control and elimination of infectious diseases have
only served to accentuate the problems of degenerative diseases and
those pathologic conditions which primarily affect the older age
group. It is not too much to hope that with adequate research
investment, and in spite of the four to one gamble it represents,
we will, in the immediate years ahead, see definite control, or
cure, for so^me of mankind’s most malicious disease enemies. The
common cold, and poliomyelities appear to be among those which
will soon he controlled. The problem of cancer, too, will be
solved. Heart disease will no longer eliminate the high percentage
of our mature population which it does today. Tuberculosis, once
the number one killer, has already yielded to research develop¬
ments. Leprosy, typhus, malaria, and other world scourges are being
rapidly controlled, and may one day be merely text book curiosities.

All of these proud achievements are the result of this great
investment of time, brains, and money in pharmaceutical research.
Each of them is a reason behind the fact that it is esential that
we continue to have “little pills” going to market. No one in
this audience, I am sure, would wish to advocate that we
arbitrarily consider our present knowledge and present products
as a sort of cut-off point, or that we should desist from further
research and further development, or prevent the marketing of
more “little pills.” This is so because no one in this industry
has failed, both personally and commercially, to profit from the
gifts of this research. We are ourselves living longer, and liking
it, because of these medical advances. We have also, as a pro¬
fession, achieved through this research a new and better recog¬
nized status as professional people and as an important element
in the progress of medicine. In fact, it could be said, I believe,
that the present-day ipractice of medicine would not be possible
without the gifts of pharmacy, most of which have emanated from
the great research laboratories which this industry has privately
financed, and privately supported.

The Next Ldttle Pill Stayed Home

Now let’s get to the second line of the new version of “this
little piggy” — The second lines goes . . . The Next Little Pill
Stayed Home. Here we touch upon a most important phase not
only of research and of production, but especially a moral phase
which is becoming, and well should become, a most important
factor in pharmaceutical marketing practices. Back in the days
before adequate food and drug legislation, and even today in
some instances, we see the introduction of products which have
little or no real therapeutic value. We find products whose only
honest claim must be that they won’t hurt you if you take
them. Fortunately, however, the number of such innocuous, but

The M A RY L A2^ D PHARMACIST

useless, “little pills” is decreasing with the increasing cautious
attitude of the medical profession, and of the intelligent phar¬
macist who spots these products before they become too widely
distributed. There is, however, another element to be considered
when we are talking about “the little pill that stayed home,”
and that is the moral obligation on the part of the pharmaceutical
industry to see ot it that useless preparations, and those which
do no more than duplicate existing therapy, are not placed on
the market simply for the selfish goal of monetary profit. This
moral factor is becoming increasingly important, and increasingly
apparent to all of the major manufacturers.

As reported by the American College of Apothecaries, during
the four years of 19 48 through 1951, a total of 1687 new items
were placed on the drug market. The report breaks down this total
as follows:

(a) New Chemical Entities . 124

(b) Duplicate products with a single drug . 373

(d) New dosage form . 489

Thus during this 4-year period a prescription pharmacy is,
therefore, expected by manufacturers to add a total of 169 7 new items
to his stock, plus a much larger number of products which are
offered by small national manufacturers as well as regional and
local concerns. It is obvious that there are a lot of “me too” products
introduced. But there are, fortunately, some producers with a sense
of balance and business morals.

One organization, for example, in the year 1951, developed
in their research and product development laboratories a total of
nearly 200 potential new products, but because of their recognition
of this moral factor, and because they realized that the majority
of these potential new products served only to duplicate existing
therapy, they actually introduced on the market exactly five of
these 200 potential new items.

Unfortunately, there still remain some examples within the
industry where this moral obligation is either ignored or non¬
existent, resulting in too many “little pills going to market” which
should most certainly have stayed at home. These “reasonable fac¬
similes” are again the cause of the somewhat justified disturbance
in the minds of retail prescription pharmacists when they contemplate
their overcrowded shelves of duplicate, or so-called “duplicate,”
products. But let’s not go too far in our condemnation of these
similar items — the whole concept of free enterprise and free
competition is involved. I want to say a bit more about this point
later.

The M A R Y L AlSl D PHARMACIST

Ihl

This Little Pill Had Value

But now, let’s take a look at the next line of our revised
little piggy poem. The next line goes . . . This Little Pill Had
Value. We have already mentioned the important element of a prior
decision on the part of the producer as .to whether or not the new
“little pill’’ represented a real contribution to better therapy. But
here again there is another element which must be present and,
in fact, must be continually apparent. Regardless of the therapeutic
value of a new little pill, it not only must be marketed, but it
mus*! be vigo-rously promoted if it is to result in a profit to the
manufacturer and to the retailer. There have been entirely too
many insitances where a product has been introduced with a con¬
siderable fanfare of publicity, advertising, and sales pressure,
only to die on the vine, or perhaps we should say gather dust on
the shelf, because its advertising and sales promotion was not
continued. How many times have you seen examples of this
practice? How many products can you recall in your own stock which
meet this definition? It is a proper obligation of the producer of a
new “little pill” to see to it that it receives not only initial, but
continuous, promotion to those who may prescribe and use it.
This is particularly essential today in the fast moving field of
therapeutics where, in many instances, even the best of products
are replaced by even better products in only a few years. Here
perhaps, is one place where the occasional nostalgic reference
to the “good old days” is appropriate. It is perfectly true that the
“shelf life” and useful therapeutic life of pharmaceuticals used to
be estimated in terms of 10, 15, and even 20 years, whereas today
we see many examples of important advances in therapy which are
superseded by even better ones in a matter of a few years, or even
in some cases a few months!

An editorial in the October, 1951 issue of the New Jersey
Medical Society Journal cites a good example, in talking about
pharmaceutical research and production!

“Another, and peculiarly American feature of this kind of
enterprise is the factor of competition. If Squibb makes a potent
product with a moderate level of toxicity, Upjohn tries to find
one with a lower level of toxicity. And when they have done that,
Parke-Davis wants to get in the act by discovering a similar pro¬
duct with higher potency. And from this spirited competition the
American doctor — and, more important, the American patient —
is the gainer. Obviously this spur of competition is much dulled
in countries where Government does all the research. One of the
poetic (and unbusiness-like) ironies of this is that the drug com¬
panies seem furiously detennined to prove that their own products
are obsolete. The most famous case is that of the millions spent
by Lederle to produce vast quantities of pneumonia serum. As

116

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

soon as this gigantic project (it included building and popu¬
lating the world’s largest rabbit hutch) reached its peak, the
sulfa drugs were introduced, the pneumonia morbidity and mortality
rate took gratifying tumbles, and Lederle began closing its king-
sized rabbit warren and writing off the millions it had spent.
Of course it was the private enterprise of the American drug
industry that did most of the work discovering, improving, manufac¬
turing, testing and distributing those sulfa drugs. In 1916 pneumonia
was the number one cause oif death in the United States. Today
it is rarely fatal. No one knows how many lives were saved by
the enterprise of these drug companies — not only in preparing
antibiotics, but in the development of dozens of other life-saving
pharmaceuticals and biologicals during the past two decades.

“The Government does have a place, and an important one.
The drug regulating acts are welcomed by the ethical companies as
setting standards and requiring that even the smallest manufacturer
set up good standards of drug control, purity and advertising
honesty. The Government during the war showed how it could inte¬
grate and finance the research of many scattered pharmaceutical
manufaoturing companies. (In this connection, Burlington writes
that the $25,000,000 spent by the Medical Research Council
during the war was the greatest government bargain since the
Louisiana purchase.)

“These reflections are prompted by a perusal of The Odyssey
of Modern Drug Research, by Robert Buflington, recently published
by the Upjohn Company and briefly reviewed in this journal. It
makes us doctors grateful for the fact that our pharmaceutical
manufacturing industry is willing and able to take the financial
risk of research. Certainly without the private enterprise of
own American drug trades, we doctors would not be where we are
today. It’s a nice thing to remember the next time the detail man
comes around.”

All of this points up the urgent necessity for continuous
intensive promotion of these new products on the part of everyone
concerned. The manufacturer must promote his product continuously,
not only to get back a reasonable percentage of his investment,
and a hoped-for profit, but also to see to it that the product does
not become a “shelf warmer”’ in the hands of the retailer, and
add only to his irritation when he contemplates his bulging inventory.

The Next Little Pill Had None

This last comment leads logically into the next line of our
little piggy verse, which goes as you may recall. . .The Next Little
Little Pill Had None. The two lines together read, “THIS LITTLE
PILL HAD VALUE — THE NEXT LITTLE PILL HAD NONE.”
Perhaps little comment is necessary on the second of these two lines.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

The little pill with no value, either therapeutically or commercially,
is all too familiar fo you. It is ithe result not only of ithe. factors
vre have already mentioned, but also, as far as its commercial
potential is concerned, of the commendable determination on the
part of most retail pharmacists to maintain a stock so extensive
that it is next to impossible for a physician to prescribe a product,
no matter how little known, and no matter how little used, that
it will not be found in the retailer’s prescription stock. This
determination to maintain a complete stock has, in recent years,
resulted in the growing concern of retailers with the enormous
num-ber of so-called duplicate items which he feels he should
stock for a possible demand by the medical practitioners whom he
serves. Too often, because of this commendable attitude, he is
duped into the purchase of products which could perhaps be called
the “sucker bait’’ of this industry. It is conceivable that a manu¬
facturer could produce an item which would reasonably duplicate,
as far as formula is concerned, one which was the result of the
expensive and time consuming research I have already mentioned.
It is possible and, in fact, has happened, that such duplicates
could be introduced in a matter of a few weeks or months fol¬
lowing the original announcement of the worthwhile new product.
It is conceivable and, in fact, has happened, that such duplicates,
feeding on the prestige and promotion of the original product,
have achieved a very respectable sale 'because, generally, they
appeal to the understandable element of a lower price and possibly
misplaced confidence, on the part of the retailer, that they will
receive adequate promotion and will develop repeat business. If
such a product were introduced, as they have been, and only one
package we^re sold to each of the drug stores in the United States,
the manufacturer could have, and indeed in some instances has,
achieved an immediate volume of fifty to one-hundred-thousand
packages, and then has promptly forgotten all about the item,
discontinued any promotion, and gone on to the next such “sucker
bait’’ product.

The speed with which imitations of newly developed thera¬
peutic agents can be introduced on the market never fails to astonish
those of us who are accustomed to the long painstaking process
required for proper research, product development, clinical investi¬
gation, and distribution of major new pharmaceutical products.
It has been estimated that the average time required for the
complicated process of basic research, applied research, product
development, and clinical investigation is nearly five years, and
yet we see numerous instances where imitations and counter¬
feits of these new discoveries are available in not five years, but
five weeks after the announcement of the original product.

Nearly every convention program of this type today features

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The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

a discussion of this so-called duplicate problem, and I, therefore,
shall not go into any further detail except to say that there is
only one element of this industry which can, or should, control
the introduction and marketing of so-called duplicate pro-ducts.
That element is you, the retail pharmcist! Why is this so?
It is so 'because any other approach to this problem would involve
restriction of private enterprise, and would necessarily require
some government group or a committee inside or outside of the
industry which would have the privilege of determining who could,
and who could not, market a new or similar product. Any such
regulatory attempt would be a serious invasion of the rights of
private enterprise, and of the American way of doing business.
Many of us in the manufacturing part of the industry have suffered
heavily from the inroads of this type of competition, but I am sure
that we would be the first to insist that no regulatory attempt be
m.ade which would result in anyone curtailing the privilege of any¬
one who wished to engage in business or to market a new product,
regardless of its similarity to those already available. Indeed, any
such proposal, if effective, would inevitably result in the elimina¬
tion not only of many manufacturers, but eventually the elimination
of many retailers from the business scene. It would be dictatorial,
un-American and stifling not only to the less responsible, but to the
more responsible manufacturer. No, the answer is not in strangling
these products at their birth — ^^the answer is in denying them the
ground in which they grow. This is a control problem of retail phar¬
macy, and in conjunction with the rapport which you should have
with the medical profession in your comunity, it is a problem
which can be solved.

This Little Pill was a Counterfeit Pill

Now let’s go to the next line of our revised little piggy poem.

The next line reads. . .This Little Pill was a Counterfeit Pill.
Here again we have a reference to the duplicate — to the product
whose only right to existence is that its producer has said, “This
looks like a good market — let’s get into it — let’s get a slice of it
for me too.’’ Here again the platforms of such meetings as this
are crowded with speakers with various suggestions and possible
solutions to this annoying problem, and I believe it is safe to
predict that you will hear much more about this problem in the
future. I sincerely trust that adequate action on the part of
retail pharmacy will solve this problem to the satisfaction of retail
pharmacy, and that of all reputable manufacturers.

And Should Not Have Been Bom

The last line of our little piggy verse reads . . . And Should
Not Have Been Born. Perhaps at this point, to refresh your

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

119

memory and mine, we should recite the entire new version. (Here’s
ithe way it goes:

This little pill went to market,

This next little pill stayed home.

This little pill had value.

The next little pill had none,

The last little pill was a counterfeit pill.

And should not have been born!

I have repeated the entire verse to emphasize the last line . . .
“And should not have been born!”, because this last line is
intended as a reference to a malformed, misconceived, little piggy,
that most certainly should never have been permitted to exist.
I refer to the monstrosity which has become a serious problem
in pharmacy — the substitute. Possibly the term “substitute” does
not, any longer, carry a sufficient weight of criticism and revulsion
to we people in pharmacy. Perhaps we should call these monstrosi¬
ties by another name — counterfeits. They are counterfeits — ^they
are deliberate imitations designed by manufacturers without moral
character, purchased by individuals who intend to deliberately use
them as counterfeits for requested items, and they are probably one
of the dirtiest things which have happened to pharmacy since the
ill-advised adoption, during the depression, of the much maligned
practices of “cut-rate” merchandising. Certainly the implications
of the growth of counterfeiting in this industry are far more serious
than were ever those of “cut-rate” practices, and other sharp business
methods. The deliberate use of counterfeits can only result in the
rapid disintegration of the whole structure of prestige and con¬
fidence which pharmacy has worked so hard to build. This is a
condition which can, and should, be handled by vigorous and vigilant
legal action. No excuse can possibly exist for anyone who manufac¬
tures, buys, or sells a counterfeit. They should be exposed and should
be forced out of business, much as we would cut out a cancer, because
that is precisely what this practice is to pharmacy — one of the most
malignant growths which has ever developed on the body of this
profession. It is ugly and it is growing so rapidly that it is
becoming apparent to the people who see us every day — our sister
professions and the public. Radical surgery is the only answer, and
it had best not be longer delayed.

The future of this industry is bright, provided we maintain
our faith in our professional ability — provided we support the
research institutions and reputable manufacturers who originate
nearly 100% of our present prescription volume, and provided that
we take vigorous action to see that the face of this profession
is not dirtied by illegal and unethical practices or products.
Pharmacy has achieved a community standing, a community prefer-

120

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

ence, and a community importance in the last few years which is out
of all proportion to even its many achievements in the past. It is
up to us to maintain this importance and this recognition by so
conducting our business, and by so further contributing to the
health and long life and well-being of our people, that we can truly
justify our proud claim that American Pharmacy today is the finest
the world has ever seen.

The magazine “Drug and Cosmetic Industry” said, in a recent
issue: “Because the great bulk of profitable business in this indus¬
try has for some time now been in pharmaceutical preparations
which are promoted through the physician and very largely restricted
to prescription, new merchandising tricks can be expected to make
their appearance. And because of the fact that many pharmaceutical
manufacturers have grown considerably since the pharmaceutical
lush days following the war, there are many more manufacturers who
have reached a position in the industry at which they are quite
willing to become aggressive when their sales volume starts to slip
for one reason or another. It is for this reason that many sharp
practices will no doubt creep into the merchandising of pharmaceuti¬
cal preparations as competition becomes keener.”

In conclusion, may I suggest that you jot down this revised
version of the familiar old nursery rhyme, and that you think
about it once in a while. I believe you will find that it is an easy
way to remember some of the pitfalls of our widening market and to
remember that it is up to you to see to it that the only little piggies
who stay in the pen are those which will grow up to be good bacon,
profitable to us, and palatable to our customers!

Mr. Solomon questioned Mr. McfCartney at the conclusion of
his talk concerning substitution. He quoted Mr. Arscott, a previous
speaker who said that substitution will not endure because it is
practiced by small manufacturers without prestige and will eventual¬
ly “fall on its face.” He also stated that Mr. Arscott recommended
a “Commissioner” be appointed by the manufacturers to clear up
the problem of duplications and substitutions. Mr. McCartney did not
agree with the selection of a Commissioner to control the drug indus¬
try, adding this procedure would destroy free enterprise. Mr. McCart¬
ney said, the American Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association
has a very active committee now studying the whole problem.

Many others entered into the discussion accusing the manu¬
facturers for being responsible for the substitution condition, because
they themselves are the greatest substituters by imitating each other.

The fourth session was adjourned at 1:00 P. M.

The MARY LA2^D PHARMACIST

121

FIFTH SESSION

Thursday, June 18, 1953

The fifth and final session of the Convention convened at 3:00
P. M. 'Chairman Wagner introduced Dr. Robert L. Swain, Editor of
Drug Topics, who addressed the Convention on "‘You Can’t Win OBy
Getting Sore.”

Dr. Swain, before making his address, remarked as to the
quality of the Convention. He complimented those who had worked to
plan the Convention and paid tribute to the speakers who had
preceded him. He pointed out particularly the interest shown by the
members which was reflected in the “Zip” of the discussions.
He mentioned that we were on the right track and hoped we would
continue to be successful.

YOU CAN'T WIN BY GEHING SORE
By Df. Robert L. Swain, Editor, Drug Topics

‘‘You Can’t Win By Getting Sore” is as follows:

The competitive situation now confronting the retail drug store
is one which calls for competent, conscientious, and frank evaluation.
This fact should be kept in mind, as far too many pharmacists
are approaching their competitive problems from an emotional rather
than an analytical frame of mind.

The drift of drug store products into non-drug outlets has
become so pronounced that every fact and factor associated with the
movement should be frankly studied and frankly faced. There should
be undertaken a survey in every state of the competition confronting
retail pharmacists, as it is only from an undertaking of the over-all
competitive situation that plans can be worked out for dealing with
it in an understanding and effective way.

Dr. Swain stated that competition was beating more intensely
upon both the professional services and distributional phases of the
drug store.

He mentioned the following as constituting competition with
the drug store’s professional services:

Physician owned clinic pharmacies; surgical supply houses; dis¬
pensing physicians; dispensing veterinarians; hospitals (insofar as
they supply physicians with drugs, medicines, and allied products
which they use in their practice which has no relationship to the
hospital) .

Hospitals, (insofar as they provide drugs, medicines, and related
products to ambulatory patients who, if required to, would obtain
these from their neighborhood pharmacist) ; Blue Cross, and similar
hospitalization insurance programs. (Dr. 'Swain said he meant no

122

The M A RY L Al^ D PHARMACIST

criticism of these programs as such. He contended, however, that
the greater their success, the larger the number of persons who will
be treated in hospitals, with a corresponding decline in those treated
at home. He urged that some effort be made to provide a place for
the retail drug store in these expanding hospitalization insurance
programs.)

State Health Departments. (Insofar as these governmental
agencies distribute a wide variety of drugs, medicines, and related
products 'to persons fully able to pay for them and who should
obtain them from the drug store in the customary manner.)

Under the commercial competition facing the drug store. Dr.
Swain listed the following: supermarkets, syndicate stores, specialty
shops, department stores, mail order houses, vending machines,
animal feed stores, agricultural cooperatives, and thousands of
stores of one kind or another which handle some kind of drug store
merchandise.

Dr. iSwain made the point that pharmacies, if they are to
cope successfully with these forms of competition, must be informed
with respect to their nature, organization, resources, and the facts
and factors upon which they base their consumer appeal.

Dr. Swain insisted that the time has come for pharmacists to be
determined and realistic regarding their own strengths and weak¬
nesses. These strengths should be expanded and the weaknesses
minimized. He emphasized that the drug store should be analyzed
so that its basic character would become more evident in the drug
stores themselves and thus more acceptable to the public at large.

The drug store is fundamentally a health service institution
and it should be so arranged that its health service character would
be its chief distinction and thus its chief identification in the
minds of the public.

Once pharmacists succeed in making the public more intelli¬
gently appreciative of the contribution of the drug store to better
health and better living conditions, the more it will depend upon
it for drugs, medicines, and related products.

On the other hand, if the drug store becomes such an institu¬
tion that it is difficult to distinguish between more merchandise
cutlets, public interest in it will diminish, and the drift of drug store
merchandise to non-drug outlets is sure to increase.

Pharmacists should make every effort to make the public phar¬
macy-conscious, and pharmacists, too, should make every effort to
make themselves fully and intelligently pharmacy-conscious. Phar¬
macists should devote themselves to the development and expan¬
sion of the drug store’s basic and fundamental resources bearing
in mind that the drug store must survive as a drug store or
else the cause of pharmacy is lost.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

123

In conclusion, Dr. Swain urged pharmacists to seek to under¬
stand the nature of the competition now facing the retail -drug store
and to make a determined effort to make the drug store that kind
of an institution which instinctively will make a strong appeal
to the public.

The drug store should be identified as a health service insti¬
tution, and the drug store itself, through its various departments,
should make this identification real.

While pharmacists cannot win the competitive fight by becoming
sore and emotionally upset, they can win the fight if they go at it
in an understanding and determined way, placing their competitive
practices upon the soundest professional and economic principles.

BUILDING PRESCRIPTION VOLUME IN THE CHAIN

By John E. Donaldson, Director Of Prescription And Professional
Relations Department Peoples Drug Stores, Incorporated

As the last speaker of your Convention, I will make my address
as brief as possible realizing that you have had a long program dur¬
ing this Convention.

During the year of 1952, the chain stores did a total volume of
fifty-eight million prescriptions, totaling $75,000,000.00. This rep¬
resents 10% of the total amount of prescriptions filled in the country
and 7.2% of the total dollar volume. This prescription business has
been built up collectively over a period of ten, fifteen and twenty
years. I do not claim to be an expert on the matter of building pre¬
scription volume. My information has been obtained through read¬
ing journals and through practical experience. What I have to say
and what has been accomplished by the Peoples Drug Stores can
apply to any store with regard to building volume. The same prin¬
ciples apply to everything you build whether it is social, religious,
business or security. One item that is of major importance is a good
foundation. With a good foundation as a beginning, you must have
the following:

1. Sufficient capital.

2. Adequate education and training.

3. A reputation for honesty and integrity in all dealings with
the public.

4. Inviting and pleasing appearance of personnel, the owner, the
interior of the store and the prescription department.

5. An honest desire on the part of all concerned to do a service
to your fellow-man.

The last named is of the utmost importance.

The chains realized the importance of the prescription depart¬
ment some years ago and began to make a thorough study of this

The M A RY L AlSl B PHARMACIST

124

phase of the business. The problems of the chains and the inde¬
pendents are the same. These factors in building a prescription de¬
partment stand out above everything else:

1. If you are not sold on the importance of the prescription de¬
partment and its relationship to the rest of the store you
cannot build a prescription business.

2. You must earn the good will of the physician and the dentist.
Peoples Drug Stores have given attention to the prescription
volume for the past twenty years. They did this by calling
on doctors, not detailing them, but just getting acquainted.
They offered the services of the store and developed a friend¬
ly attitude without pressure. This policy was instituted
twenty years ago and is still being followed.

3. One of the outstanding criticisms against our prescription
departments was our prescription pricing system, it lacked
uniformity. During the years we have developed a uniform
profitable pricing system and thirty million prescriptions
later — we are using the same system in each one of our
stores. In addressing a chain store meeting. Dr. Briggs
stated that the most important factors in developing a pre¬
scription pricing system are: (1) Prices should be reasonable.
(2) Prices should be uniform. It is very important to de¬
velop and use a uniform prescription pricing system in your
store. Wide variation in pricing tends to make poor public
and physician relations regarding pharmacy.

4. Advertising: Through promotional campaigns to the public
and to the physician, prescription volume can be improved.
In this respect, radio, television, telephone, newspaper and
professional windows are the medias that can be used. All
promotions of Peoples Drug Stores emphasize that the phar¬
macist is a professional man. Some of the ways to improve
your professional status is to bring the prescription depart¬
ment out front instead of in a hidden corner of the store.
Use good containers and labels; biological refrigerators; and
participate in Pharmacy Week. I would like to add at this
point that over a period of years, Peoples Drug Stores have
acquired the good will and confidence of the physicians sev¬
eral ways. At no time in our history have we ever given
a kick-back to a doctor. We have however, installed un¬
listed telephones in our stores for their convenience. Last
year we printed twelve million prescription blanks with no
advertising matter whatsoever, amounting to from forty to
fifty thousand dollars. We give the physician Discount Cour¬
tesy Cards, we maintain two all night drug stores. We mail
cards once a week on new products. We advertise in the

The MARYLAISID PHARMACIST

125

local medical journals. We take booth space at medical
meetings and conventions. We send a promotional letter
once a month. We invite the physician to preview our new
stores. We serve on committees. We have never permitted
the commercial aspects of the drug business to over-shadow
the professional ones.

In relationship to the public, it is good to develop and follow
a course of receiving and dispensing prescriptions. This should be
done by the pharmacist only, it is a good professional contact. You
should establish a good relationship with the manufacturer’s repre¬
sentative. It is good to be on friendly terms with these men as they
can be of inestimable help to you. An adequate inventory including
new items is important in building prescription volume. The aver¬
age prescription department inventory in one of our stores is eight
thousand dollars. Good lighting and attractive windows are neces¬
sary. Have diplomas and certificates on display. Provide comfort¬
able seating facilities for the prescription customers. Cooperate with
your fellow pharmacists, whether he be chain or individual. Do not
hesitate to give and ask for prescription copies. Take an active
part in association work on a local, state and national level. Extend
aid to needy students of pharmacy. You and your clerks should take
active interest in civic groups and clubs. Above everything else, use
your own judgment on what you think is best and necessary in your
individual store for building prescription volume.

In conclusion, it is estimated that in the not too distant future,
the annual prescription volume nationally, will reach the billion
dollar mark. Will you get your share? I assure you, we will.

Mr. Donaldson’s talk was inspirational and well received by
the meeting.

The M A RY L A2^ D PHARMACIST

BANQUET

The Banquet was preceded by another innovation of our Con¬
vention. Through the courtesy of Mr. Ben Hendler of the Hendler
Creamery Company, a cocktail hour was arranged for the entire
convention. This was a pleasant surprise and registered favorably
with those who accepted the invitation. Mr. Hendler received ex¬
pressions of appreciation for his cordial friendship.

The Banquet was the largest attended of any Convention held
in the past. Three hundred and seventy-five were served, setting an
all time record. The facilities of the Commander Hotel were strained,
but in spite of the large attendance and help difficulties, the Lynch’s
proved to be good hosts and served a delectable meal.

Reverend Donald O. Hornung, of the Methodist Church, Ocean
City, Md. offered the invocation. Howard L. Gordy, Jr., son of Past
President Howard L. Gordy of Salisbury, gave the benediction.

The principal speaker of the banquet was Dr. Daniel Z. Gibson,
President, Washington College who spoke on “Science and Human
Nature.’’ Others who were called on were: Dr. H. C. Byrd, J. Millard
Tawes, Dr. R. L. Swain, Harold C. Kinner and Dr. Charles Bliven.

The new officers of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association
were introduced and duly installed as well as the officers of the

T.A.M.P.A.

The Secretary presented the silver loving cup to Morris L.
Cooper for the most outstanding window in Maryland during Na¬
tional Pharmacy Week. The certificate of honor was presented to
Read Drug and Chemical Company, and first honorable mention to
Medical Arts Pharmacy.

A surprise presentation of an inscribed gold wrist watch was
made to Melville Strasburger, retired Secretary of the Association,
commemorating his long meritorious service to his office and phar¬
macy in the state.

The Past President’s Medal was presented to retiring President,
Manuel B. Wagner.

Your Secretary served as Toastmaster for the evening.

With the turning over of the gavel to President-elect, Otto W.
Muehlhause, the banquet and the best convention in the history of
the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association was brought to a close.

The MARYLA:ND PHARMACIST

127

SCIENCE AND HUMAN NATURE
Dr. Daniel Z. Gibson, President, Washington College

On a college campus not far from here last isummer was a
young GI wife. Her usual afternoon habit, while her husband
was in class, was to walk around snapping pictures with a German
camera which he had brought home by a kind of reverse lend-lease.
She was beside the swimming pool on this particular day, watching
the swimmers, when she lost her grip on the camera and it dropped,
kerplunk, into the deepest part of the pool. No one noticed. She
looked around for help, and finally picked out a tall thin fellow
standing to one side. She asked if he’d get her camera. He jumped
in, was down a while, and then came up with it. They stood for a
while watching the other people, when suddenly he said:

“Tell me, why did you pick me out of all these people to get
your camera?

“You really want to know?’’ He said he really did. “Well,’’
she said, “last winter I was a student in one of your classes.
And you could go down deeper, stay longer, and come up dryer than
anyone I know.’’

That sounds a little like a formula for a bad speech, and I
hope I won’t inflict one on you. But in a world that happens
to be pretty serious right now, when everyone is scared over some¬
thing or somebody — -his neighbor. Communism, Senator McCarthy,
the danger of inflation or deflation, the terrible state of school teach¬
ing, labor unions, heart disease, or traffic accidents, it’s pretty hard
to And anything cheering to say.

We have been told in every conceivable way that on August
8, 19 45 an era ended and the atomic age began — an age which
many speakers seem to believe will be the death of us all, not
individually, but in some horrible international massacre. Civil¬
ization is dooomed, they say. Something is going to bust before
nineteen hundred and so-and-so, if not before. If you want statistics
that the world is sick, here are a few:

During the first 3 0 years of this century, Europe alone fought
74 wars which lasted a total of 29 7 years. Included were the First
World War, the Boer War, the Russ-Japanese War, two bloody
Balkan wars in 1912-13, the Russian Revolution, and massacres
in Poland, Finland, the Ukraine, the Caucasus, Hungary, Manchuria,
Siberia, and the long-prolonged agony of China, which beginning in
1917, is etill continuing. How many people have died in these
terrible affairs it is hard to say. It’s estimated that in the 12th
century — the so-called Dark Ages, our school-books used to call
them — 2 out of every 1000 Europeans died as battle casualties.
In the first 2 6 years of this century, not counting Hitler at all, 54
out of every 1000 did so, an increase of a neat 170 0 per cent. One

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The M A RY L All D PHARMACIST

authority estimates that 24 million war easualties occurred in
Europe alone during the first 25 years of this century. These take
us only to the rise of Hitlerism. I won’t go into the rest.

Civilization is sick, and many doctors have despaired of the
patient. One of the most eminent scholars in the U. S., the Dean of the
Harvard Graduate School, suggests that perhaps the entire course of
Western Civilization and culture has been wrong. Maybe we should
scrap it all, scrap the U.S.A., scrap Europe, burn our libraries,
discontinue the Book-of-the-lMonth, and all turn sun-worshipers.
Or let’s return to traveling on all fours and quit fooling ourselves
that we’re civilized.

In spite of the newspapers, in spite of the wise man from
Harvard and all the evidence that civilization is rushing to some
terrible doom, I can’t believe affairs are so bad. I don’t mean we
should blind ourselves to the fact that things aren’t well with our
world. But, then, they never were. Perhaps science has invented
some plain and fancy ways of mass homicide; perhaps, too, it has
surrounded us with so many gadgets, made us so conscious of material
things, material comforts, that we need to halt and take stock of
ourselves and our ways. As Sir Philip Sydney said, a sword is a
dangerous thing: With it you can kill your father. Then he added:
But with it you can defend your home and your country against
the foe. Much the same can be said of our science. With it the world
can be destroyed: but with it, too, rightly used and rightly under¬
stood, we can make for ourselves a better world. Science is not at
fault: We are at fault — and by “we” I mean ourselves, Europe, the
Russians, the Chinese, the Japanese — the whole world of civilized
men.

After all, as the eminent dean from Harvard did not say,
this sick civilization of ours has produced democracy, a concept
of human decency and human cooperation, has abolished slavery
or at least recognized that it is morally indefensible, and has
produced in the teachings of Christianity a view of life that is
quite sufficient to cure all our ills if we would but take advantage
of it.

And so I come to my point: What are we educating our young
people for? Have we missed out on some essentials along the way?

I’m not a reactionary and I’ve no desire for our colleges
and universities to return to the Puritanism our ancestors thought
was the major purpose of education. But I’m afraid the pendulum
has swung too far in the other direction. A young man or woman
may attend our public schools, graduate from high school at the age
of 16 or 17, spend four years in one of our great tax-supported
colleges and come out after 16 years of education without more
than a nodding acquaintance with the basic moral principles of
either Plato, Aristotle, or Jesus. He may do so, I say. Of course, in

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129

actual fact he will absorb a igood many of them by chance, since
they enter into so many of our common sayings and theories of con¬
duct. But in setting up our public school system and our state
universities, we were so fearful of offending so.meone’s religious
principles that we actually made it illegal to do any religious teaching
whatever. The height of something or other was reached last
winter in 'California, when some citizen threatened to bring suit
against the school board for permitting the singing of “Silent
Night” in the public school!

I don’t think we should turn our schools iuto seminaries. But
we should realize that the everlasting emphasis on ‘tool’ subjects
— on the physical sciences, for example — has made us the most
learned people mechanically the world has ever known; but probably
the most unenlightened people morally and religiously our civiliza¬
tion has yet produced. I admit that science has produced the goods.
But while we’ve gone merrily on our way inventing new scientific
wonders, we’ve neglected some other fundamental knowledges.

Last winter I heard a psychologist say that if we should spend,
during the next twenty years, as much money for research into human
motivation and human psychology as we now spend in any one
year for research into either physics or chemistry, we would
accomplish more in our knowledge of human beings and why they
act as they do than has been learned in all of history up to now.
That’s a broad statement, but it’s worth lisitening to. For it’s
precisely because of our ignorance of ourselves and of how to deal
with other human beings that civilization is teetering on this
precipice the atomic scientists warn us about. We need more knowl¬
edge of the springs of human action rather than the springs of
automobiles. And we need it, not so that we can ‘work’ on the other
fellow and persuade him to buy another gadget he doesn’t really
need, but so that we can get along with him.

The prestige of physical science is enormous. Rightly so,
for it has produced the goods. Yet it would be a pretty foolish man
who would say that the solution to our gravest problems, both
national and international, is more of the products of physical
science.

“It simply cannot be shown that improvements in industrial
products, in prices, in the purchasing power of workers, has resulted
in more peaceful and friendly employer-employee relationships.
It is simply not true that the mere rise in standards and planes of
living, better health, abundant crops, or improved transportation
and communication have made communities or nations friendly
and peaceful.” These things are admirable; but they do not
tiiemselves build a road to a better understanding of human nature
and the problems of living in peace with our neighbor.

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The MARYLAND PHARMACI8T

The scientists too are worried. Some time ago, in accepting
the award of the ^Carnegie Institution in Washington, D. C., Dr.
Merle Tuve, one of our most brilliant physicists, deplored the tech¬
nological emphasis in modern scientific research. Arguing for more
study in pure science, Tuve, deplored “the overwhelming emphasis
which is being given to practical matters and material things in
contrast to thing^s of the spirit.” “The really outstanding need
of today lies squarely in the field of the humanities, the study of
history, philosophy, psychology, and psychiatry.”

What has enabled physical science to iproduce the goods? The
secret of it all is its method — the strict and dispassionate analysis
of things in the effort to find out what they are, why they act as
they do, and how their powers can be used to our advantage. When
Robert Boyle, nearly 300 years ago, discovered by experimentation
that gases expand when they are heated, he had in reality dis¬
covered the principle that made possible the internal combustion
engine and Henry Ford. And when, by the same means, he dis¬
covered that when gases contract they get cold, he had also dis¬
covered the principle of mechanical refrigeration. The scientific
method is the most important human way of discovering the truth
of our physical universe that we have yet hit upon.

If it is so valuable in discovering the facts of physical nature,
why not use its methods to study human nature? of human society?

A lot of people will answer instantly that these matters are
not proper subjects of scientific research. But so far we’ve hardly
tried to find out if they are. We have what is called sociology;
but it’s a relatively new thing, and is beclouded with old superstitions
and half-knowledge. In some ways it has about as much relation
to real science as the Irishman’s method of weighing a pig:

“We never needed any of them new-fangled scales in Ireland,”
said O’Hara. “You get a plank and you put it across a stool.
Then you get big stone. Put the pig on one end of the plank and
the stone on the other, and shift the plank until the balance. Then
you guess the weight of the stone and you have the weight of the
pig.” The attitude of many people toward sociology reminds also
of the little woman’s answer to the cross-examining lawyer. She
kept cool while his temper became shorter and shorter. Finally
he stopped and said: “You say you had no education, but you
answered my questions smartly enough.”

“Yes,” she said, “but you don’t have to be a scholar to answer
silly questions.”

Too many people feel that you don’t have to know much to
answer questions about why people act as they do, why nations
choose Hitlers and Francos to lead them, or why Johnny Smith
becomes a sainted leader of the people while Jimmy Smith, son of the

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131

same parents, becomes a lifer in Sing Sing. The problems of human
relations to such people are simple: “An honest day’s pay for an
honest day’s work’’ — “The Ten 'Commandments’’ — “The Golden
Rule’’ — free enterprise, capitalism, socialism, the United Nations
Conference.

If we have a social problem, we send a Congressional Committee
to investigate it. The Committee comes up with a recommendation
. . . and we think the problem solved. Would we send a Congressional
Committee to prescribe for a sick man? Of course not. We’d get
somebody who was an expert — a doctor who knows something about
it. For a thousand and more years we’ve tried to solve the problem
of international relations by diplomacy. Every time it’s been a
failure. For nations are people, and we’ve made only shallow efforts
to get at the bottom of the trouble: Why human nature is as it is
. . . or . . . what are some of the fundamental urges of human nature.
The W.C.T.U. says that national morality will reach a new highi
if we all become temperate or teetotallers. That’s the answer.
Of course it is — but how can it be made to work until we know
how to control these human appetites? We must learn first to
understand these things in human nature rather than blindly pre¬
scribe for them.

Would it be worth two billions of dollars for a program of
research that would enable us to understand, with scientific exact¬
ness, a few of the basic fundamentals of human nature? Would it
not be as well spent as the two billion that produced the bomb over .
Hiroshima?

At the same time we educate ourselves in the ways of people,
we must educate our children in the values of right conduct. The
value of “competition” is highly praised by businessmen, but competi¬
tion for the sake of profit only is a pretty odious thing. We need
to learn more about the competition of the athletic field — competi¬
tion for the sport of it, the pride of it — competition for the joy of
matching wits or brawn fairly and openly, without thought of
reward. In other words, we need to teach our young people from
an early age to live fairly, magnanimously.

There has been a disturbing trend since the last war both on
the high school and college campus in regard to magnanimity — or,
for the moment, let us call it sportsmanship. More and more, win¬
ning at all costs has become the accepted thing, at least so far
as the spectators are concerned. If the visiting team is charged
with a game-losing penalty, the home rooters rejoice as though
they themselves had scored a touchdown. It wasn’t that why when 1
was a boy. And let’s not fool ourselves, these kids learn that
attitude from us, their parents and teachers.

Magnanimity is a greater thing, of course. Perhaps we can
define it as greatness of spirit: a large view which includes deep

132

The M A RY L D PHARMACIST

understan-ding and sympathy, an understanding hoth of the limita¬
tions and the aspirations of man. Perhaps it cannot be imparted
through formal education — ^but if it can be, then, again, the
over-emphasis on tool subjects is far astray — and likewise our
common feeling that the bigger an educational institution is, the
better. Of course, I think the college — the entire system of formal
education — can help to develop high-minded, (magnanimous men and
women. But I am shortsighted enough, or old-fashioned enough,
to think that just because our curriculum is “modern,” it does
not necessarily produce this type of citizen. I am old-fashioned
enough to believe that we gain high ideals and understanding hearts
— which we need desperately today — partly through a devotion
to the greatness and the great utterances of men long since dead —
men like Plato and Jesus, Buddha and Confucious, Milton and
Goethe, Jefferson and Burke. These men and others like them
have set the goals for mankind, have seen deeply into the greatness
as well as the shortcomings of man. We Americans are an opti¬
mistic, not a synical people; but our opitimism is unfounded that
any nation’s hope for the peace of the world — enduring peace —
can be attained by continued emphasis on the means of material
production as against breadth and depth of understanding — both of
himself and of other people.

It is no accident that within the past few years the great
professions of engineering and medicine, and more recently (business
iiself, have begun to lay great emphasis, not alone on a man’s tech¬
nical skill, but on his breadth of education — quite particularly
on his background in the liberal arts — literature, philosophy, his¬
tory. These are the studies that give the professional man per¬
spective and understanding of the world of people in which he
must work, that broaden his vision and sharpen ' his sympathy
in dealing with men. A century ago Charles Darwin, the great
scientist, said:

“If I had to live my life over again I would have made a rule
to read some poetry or listen to some music at least once every
week; for perhaps the parts of my brain now atrophied would thus
have been kept alive through use.”

Other men, specialists, have felt as Darwin did. Sir Richard
Livingstone summed up the general consequences of our common
view:

“Some people may feel that the cultural subjects are unsuitable
for the masses. That is a possible view. But to hold it is to accept
the most ruthless of class systems, to say that men differ not only
in degree but in kind, and that the majority are incapable of studies
without which there can be no intelligent idea either of the universe
or of the greatness of the human spirit. If the majority of the
electorate are incapable of these studies, we must either abandon

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133

democracy or resign ourselves to be governed by an electorate
which can never know what a state should be. Ancient tradition
and political instinct may save such a democracy from disaster,
but not only will its stability be precarious but its political and
spiritual life will be poor. The bad film and the betting news will
be its relaxation: the bad press its literature: passion, prejudice,
the catchword and the slogan will be its masters.

“To this , . . humanistic studies are the great, perhaps the
only antidote . . . They are a perpetual rebuke to the feeble vision
and failing faith from which all men suffer and to the self-contented
spiritual mediocrity which is a special danger of democracy.”

If this all seems a little vague, let me be more specific
Some of you perhaps saw the recent article in Fortune, part of which
ran as a full page in Time for April 13:

“U. S. business is talking a great deal these days about its
need for more broadly-educated men. More and more frequently,
executives are heard to say that they can (within certain obvious
limitations) create their own “specialists” after they hire them,
that what they need and can’t create is imen with a decent general
education.

“The specialization is shocking,” a company president com¬
plained to a recent gathering. “We’re all obsessed with expertise.”
In the management conferences, executive training clinics, and
business-education geMogethers, others make the same point; over¬
specialization, is robbing business of potential top-management
material.”

“It is the broader-gauged man who is scarce,’ ’says Gulf Oil’s
President Sidney Swensrud, “the man who sees beyond today’s job,
the man who knows his fundamentals well and learns the details as
he needs them . . . The men who come into management must under¬
stand the whole sweep of modern economic, political, and social life.”

“Civilization,” said H. G. Wells, “is a race between education
and catastrophe.” That is literally true. We have spent billions
on education in this country — I believe we spend each year
about one-third of what we spend on liquor and beer — but we still
have 'paid too little attention to the purpose of our education.
Overwhelmingly we have spent our money for research in physical
science, for what we are pleased to call the “practical” subjects.
We have acquired unprecedented power over the physical forces
of our environment. But we still scorn literature and philosophy
and those subjects that give breadth and depth of our under¬
standing of ourselves. They are high-falutin’. But there is no
evidence that physical science can save us from catastrophe. A deeper
knowledge of man and his ways may do so, may save our democracy
and our world.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

134

T.A.M.P.A.

Much credit for the success of the Convention must go to the
T.A.M.P.A. for an untiring job well done.

As in the past, the officers and committees of the Traveler’s
Auxiliary extended themselves in providing a program of entertain¬
ment which delighted all.

Their efforts were not confined to the entertainment feature of
the Convention. The registration desk was manned by members of
the T.A.iM.P.A., and a great deal of other responsibilities were
assumed by them in detail to keep the Convention running smoothly.

Their presence in friendly fellowship went far in making the
Convention a congenial event.

To the officers and membership, the parent organization
expresses their gratitude for your cooperation.

OFFICERS ELECTED

AT THE THIRTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE
T.A.M.P.A.

OCEAN CITY, MARYLAND, JUNE 16, 17, 18. 1953
Officers

Henry Weller — ^Honorary President
Arthur W, Shay — ^President
Joseph J. Hugg — (First Vice-President
Bernard Ulman, Jr. — ^Second Vice-President
E. Donald Spedden — Third Vice-President
Emory G. Helm — Secretary-Treasurer
William L. Grove — ^Assistant Secretary

Board Members

John A. Louis
George S. Teass
Edward S. Muth, Jr.
C. Wilson Spilker

Jack Levin

Medford C. Wood
Stephen W. Ruth
Marvin E. Murph

Delaney B. Young

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

135

3n iWemonam

WILLIAM E. JORDAN

ALBERT KERMISH

HYMEN L. KURTZWILE

CARL H. W. OERTEL

PAUL SILVERMAN

CHARLES STEVENS

WILLIAM A. STURGISS

SAMUEL WEISMAN

WALDO A. WERCKSHAGEN

DAVID TENNER

136

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

MAl^YLAND PHARMACEUT9CAL ASSOCIATION COMMITTEES— 1 953

CoiTunittee of Pharmacy in Civil Defense for the State of Mary¬
land — Samueil I. Raichlen, Chairman; Alexander J. Ogrinz, Jr,, Co-
Chairman. Advisory Members — Joseph Cohen, Dr. H. A. B. Dunning,
Howard L. Gordy, Ellis Myers, Lester R. Martin, Dr. W. A. Purdum,
Simon Solomon, Dr. Noel E, Foss, County Members — C. R. Crandall,
Annapolis; C. W. Englander, Oakland; M. J. Fitzsimmons, Ellicott
City; H. M. Goldfeder, Riverdale; A. Harbaugh, Hagerstown; L.
Heller, LaPlata; W. D. HPl, Easton; M. Hillman, Lexington Park;
L. H. Krause, Salisbury; E. Maisenhalder, Bel Air; J. P. Marmor,
Frederick: R. S. Porterfield, Hampstead; J. H. Saks, Silver Spring;
J. H. Sapperstein, Cockeysville; G. M. Schmidt, Elkton; W. W.
Seward, Berlin; J. W. Stark, Cumberland; A. L. Sterling, Chester-
town; E. W. Sterling, Church Hill; F. L. Too'le, Crisfield; J, A.
Truitt, Federalsburg; S. E. Webster, Cambridge.

Committee on Drug: Store Experience Required — Max N. Zervitz,
Chairman; Frank S. Balassone, Co-Chairman; Frank Block, William
H. Cooley, Cumberland; Joseph U. Dorsch, Dr. Benjamin F. Allen,
Leon I. Drapkin, Silver Spring; Dr. Noel E. Foss.

Committee on Legislation — Frank Block, Chairman; Walter E.
Albrecht, Co-Chairman, Linthicum Heights; Charles S. Austin, Jr.,

A. Lester Batie, Laurel; Richard Bixler, Westminster; Mervin G.
Pierpont, Carl L. Coleburg, Preston; John A. Crozier, John Deans,
Princess Anne; H. B. Drukman, Arthur C. Eldridge, Baltimore Co.;
Milton L. Elsberg, Silver Spring; Milton J. Fitzsimmons, Ellicott
City; Harold M. Go'ldfeder, Riverdale; Howard L. Gordy, Salisbury:
Albin A. Hayman, Salisbury; Hugh E. Hudson, St. Michaels; L. M.
Kantner, Howard Lamkin, Norman J. Levin, Pikesville; Joseph
Marmor, Frederick; Lester R. Martin, Cumberland; Homer Middle-
kauff, Hagerstown; Leo Muth, J. I. Parker, Kensington; Lloyd N.
Richardson, Bel Air; H. B. Rosenstein, Waldorf; George M. Schmidt,
Elkton; Simon Soilomon, L. E. Stauffer, New Windsor; Elmer W.
Sterling, Church Hill; Samuel Waddell, J. F. Wannenwetsch, S.
Earl Webster, Cambridge; E. J. Snellinger, Elkridge; William J.
Connor, Centreville.

Committee on Vigilance — Wilmer J. Heer, Chairman; Herman

B. Drukman, Co-Chairman; Henry I. Homberg, Ben H. Macks, Wil¬
liam Y. Kitchin, Annapolis; Gregory W. A. Leyko, Elmer R. Kellough,
Jr., Cumberland; Bernard B. Lachman, Albert Rosenfeld, C. A. Ro-
dowskas, Simon Solomon, William W. Seechuk.

Committee on School of Pharmacy — Alexander J. Ogrinz, Jr.,
Chairman; Lloyd N. Richardson, Co-Chairman, Bel Air; F. Jackson
Andrews, C. D. Moon, James P. Cragg, Jr., John A. Crozier, L. M.
Kantner, Simon Solomon, Leo Muth, Howard L. Gordy, Salisbury;
Lester R Martin, Cumberfland.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

J37

Committee on Fair Trade — Simon Solomon, Chairman; Ellis B.
Myers, Co-Chairman; William J. Connor, Centreville; Howard E.
Cooper, Cumberland; Max S. Ansell, Joseph Brenner, Silver Spring;
Felix H. Kaminski, Louis L. Glaser, Victor G. Mercer, Frederick;
Julius Messina, Louis Rose.

Committee on Deceased Members — Melville Strasburger, Chair¬
man; H. Homer Freitag, GiUbert Joseph, Joseph Fadgen, Miss B.
Olive Cole.

Committee on Commercial Interests — Mathias Palmer, Chair¬
man; Jack Barshack, Co-Chairman; Ellis Myers, Samuel G. Block,
Harry C. Lewis, Cumberland; F. F. Fink, Halcolm S. Bailey, Ocean
City; N. W. Chandler, Landover Hills; Irving I. Cohen, Arbutus;
Joseph Combs, William C. StrobeH, Frederick; Earl H. Lightner,
Hagerstown.

Committee on National Pharmacy Week — Morris L. Cooper,
Chairman; H. Nelson Warfield, Co-Chairman; Charles J. Neun, Jacob

Greenfeld, Gordon A. Mouat, Charles S. Austin, Jr., Walter J. Pat¬
terson, Silas H. Pearson, Greenbelt; Carl Finkelstein, Laurel;
Maurice Weiner, W. D. Timmons, Cumberland; Paul Pumpian,
Stephen J. Provenza.

Auditing Committee — Mathias Palmer, Chairman; Norman J.
Levin, C. E. Spigeilmire.

Committee on Entertainment — Gordon A. Mouat, Chairman;
Howard L. Gordy, Co-Chairman; Bernard Cherry, Samuel S. Blum-
son, Carleton W. Hanks, Jr., Cumberland; V. H. Morgenroth, Jr.,
Henry M. Golditch, Manuel B. Wagner, Halcolm S. Bailey, Ocean
City; Milton J. Fitzsimmons, Ellicott City; Sam Goldstein, Harold
M. Goldfeder, Riverdale; M. Perry Porterfield, Hagerstown; Morton
J. Schnaper, Bethesda; Martin Seldeen, Silver Spring; Mrs. R. M.
Klingel.

Committee on Membership — Norman J. Levin, Chairman; Frank
Macek, Co-Chairman; Samuel Wertheimer, Cumberland; George
Stiffman, Gordon Mouat, Frank Block, Frank S. Balassone, Jack B.
Gordon, William Y. Kitchin, Annapolis; Joseph P. Marmor, Fred¬
erick; Jerome Mask, John F. Neutze, Stephen J. Provenza, Homer
P. Middlekauff, Hagerstown; Joseph H. Saks, Silver Spring; Milton
Smulson, Hyman Davidov, V. H. Morgenroth, Jr., William J. Connor,
Centreville; Henry M. GoUditch.

Committee on Inter-Professional Relations — Victor H. Morgen¬
roth, Jr., Chairman; Stephen J. Provenza, Co-Chairman; Frank
Block, Charles S. Austin, Jr., Lloyd N. Richardson, Bel Air; Walter
E. Albrecht, Linthicum Heights; Arnold Lawson, Hyattsville; Robert

138

The M A RY L A:N D PHARMACIST

J. Spittel, Milton E. Zentz, Robert P. Keech, Cumberland; Samuel

I. Raichilen, Frank L. Black.

Committee on Publications — Harry S. Harrison, Chairman; Hy¬
man Davidov, Co-Chairman; Frank L. Black, J. F. Wannenwetsch,
Milton H. Feldman, Albin Hayman, Salisbury; L. M. Kantner, Ber¬
nard T. Smith, Andrew Ludwig, B. Olive Cole.

Committee on T.A.M.P.A. — Thomas J. Kelly, Chairman; Arthur
W. Shay, Co-Chairman; Emory G. Helm, Louis Levy, John A. Crozier,
Edward F. Requard, Louis M. Rockman, John A. Louis.

Committee on Pharmacy — Frank S. Balassone, Chairman; Dr.
Noel E. Foss, Co-Chairman; Arthur Spano, Cumberland; Robert
Chatkin, Hagerstown; William E. Waples, John L. Asbill, Charles R.
Crandall, Annapolis; John Deans, Princess Anne; E. Dell, Aberdeen;
A. C. Gakenheimer, Cockeysville; John Donnet, J. L. Kronthal, E. C.
Maisenhalder, Bel Air; C. Edward Pfeifer, Felix Kaminski, Edwin
Whittemore.

Committee on Increase in Membership A. Ph. A. — George P.
Hager, Chairman; Samuel P. Jeppi, Co-Chairman; E. M. Norris, J,

J. Cermak, Milton J. Sappe, H. S. Harrison, Francis C. Knepper,
Cumberland; Nelson G. Diener, Joseph Gilbert, B. Olive Cole.

Committee on U.S.P. and N.F. — Charles S. Austin, Jr., Chair¬
man; Benjamin F. Allen, Co-Chairman; Dr. Noel E. Foss, Dr. L. M.
Kantner, Irving Freed, George Wagner, Westernport; Frank Grau,
Samuel W. Goldstein.

Committee on Public Relations — Charles E. Spigelmire, Chair¬
man; v^ester R. Martin, Co-Chairman; Carleton W. Hanks, Jr.,
Cumberland; M. A. Friedman, Samuel Portney, N.' W. Chandler,
Handover Hills; Norman Levin, Robert Stofberg, George M. Schmidt,
Elkton; Morris Lindenbaum, Reisterstown; A. L. Batie, Laurel;
William J. Connor, Centreville; Harold M. Goldfeder, Riverdale; A.
C. Harbaugh, Hagerstown; L. H. Kraus, Salisbury; Raymond B.
Manheimer, David Neuman, Havre de Grace; Lloyd N. Richardson,
Bel Air; Fred J. Schmitt, Westminster; Morris Shenker, Harundale;
Norman Sober, W. H. Whittlesey, Bethesda; Henry M. Golditch,
Harry J. Walsh, Cumberland.

The M ARY L A:N D PHARMACIST

139

ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION

Know all men by these presents, That we, M. L. Byers, David M. R.
Culbreth, Joseph B. Garrott, E. M. Foreman, John W. Geiger, Samuel Mans¬
field, J. Charles Smith, Columbus V. Emich, Albion J. Corning, John T.
Thomsen, D. C. Auginbaugh, Edwin Eareckson, William Simon and J. Walter
Hodges, being citizens of the United States, and a majority of whom are
citizens of the State of Maryland, do hereby certify that we do, under and
by virtue of the General Laws of this State, authorizing the formation of cor¬
porations, hereby form a corporation under the name of “The Maryland
State Pharmaceutical Association of Baltimore City.”

We do further certify, that the said corporation, so formed is a cor¬
poration for the purpose of bringing together the reputable Pharmacists,
Chemists and Druggists of the State, that they may by thorough organization
and united effort advance the science of Pharmacy, promote scientific re¬
search, and in the interest of the public strive to have enacted just, stringent
laws, to prevent the adulteration of food and medicines, and to confine the
compounding and sales of medicines to regularly educated Pharmacists; that
the term of existence of said corporation is limited to forty years; and that
the said corporation is formed upon the articles, conditions and provisions
herein expressed, and subject in all particulars to the limitations relating
to corporations, which are contained in the General Laws of this State.

We do further certify, that the operations of said corporation are to be
carried on in the State of Maryland, and that the principal office of the said
corporation will be located in Baltimore City.

We do further certify that the said corporation has no capital stock.

We do further certify that the said corporation will be managed by the
officers, and that the said M. L. Byers, David M. R. Culbreth, Joseph B.
Garrott, E. M. Foreman, John W. Geiger, Samuel Mansfield, J. Charles
Smith and Columbus V. Emich are the names of the Officers who will manage
the concerns of the said corporation for the first year.

In Witness Whereof, We have hereunto set our hands and seals this
twenty-sixth day of November, in the year eighteen hundred and eighty-nine.

M. L. Byers

(Seal)

Columbus V. Emich

( Seal )

David M. R. Culbreth, M. D.

(Seal)

John T. Thomsen

(Seal)

loSEPH B. Garrott

(Seal)

D. C. Aughinbauch

( Seal )

E. M. Foreman

(Seal)

Edwin Eareckson

(Seal)

loHN W Geiger

(Seal)

William Simon

(Seal)

Samuel Mansfield

(Seal)

J. Walter Hodges

( Seal )

1 , Tu AP> re S\f ITH

( Seal )

A. J. Corning

(SeaD

The M A RY L AIT D PHARMACIST

140

A CODE OF ETHICS

For the guidance of members of this Association and all pharmacists of
the State who may wish to follow the higher practice of their profession.

Respecting the Pharmacist Himself

First — He should, by study, experimentation, investigation and practice,
thoroughly qualify himself to fully meet and competently transact the
daily requirements of his vocation.

Second — He should possess a good moral character and should not be
addicted to the improper use of narcotic drugs nor the excessive use of
alcoholic stimulants.

Third — He should constantly endeavor to enlarge his store of knowledge;
he should, as far as possible, read current pharmaceutical literature; he
should encourage all such pharmaceutical organizations as seem to be help¬
ful to the profession, and so deport himself as not to detract from the
dignity and honor of the calling this Association, especially is trying to
elevate.

FourM— He should accept the standards and requirements of the United
States Pharmacopoeia and the National Formulary for the articles of Materia
Medica and the preparations recognized by these publications, and, as far
as possible, should promote the use of these and discourage the use of pro
prietaries and nostrums.

Respecting the Pharmacist’s Relation With Those
From Whom He Makes Purchases

First — He should deal fairly with these, all goods received in error or
excess, and all undercharges, should be as promptly reported as are short¬
ages and overcharges. Containers not charged for and not included in the
charge of contents should be carefully returned, or, if used should be credited
to the party to whom they belong.

Second — He should earnestly strive to follow all trade regulations and
rules, promptly meet obligations, closely follow all contracts and agreements,
and should not encourage or sanction any division of quantity purchases not
contemplated in the terms of sale.

Respecting the Pharmacist’s Relation With His
F ellow-Pharmacist

First— In this relationship he should, especially, “do as he would be done
by.” He should not make any comment or use any form of advertisement
that will reflect upon a member of the profession, generally or specifically.
Nor should he do that which will in any way discredit the standing of other
pharmacists in the minds of either physicians or laymen.

Second — ^He should not obtain, surreptitiously, or use the private form¬
ulas of another, nor should he imitate or use another’s preparations, labels
or special forms of advertising.

Third — He should not fill orders or prescriptions which come to him by
mistake. Prescription containers with copies and labels of another phar-

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

macist upon them may be filled by him upon request but he must invariably
replace the labels with his own, thereby assuming proper responsibility.

Fourth — He should never request a copy of a prescription from another
pharmacist; the owner of the prescription, being alone entitled to a copy, is
the proper person to ask for it.

Fifth — He may borrow merchandise from another pharmacist, provided
the practice is reciprocal and equally agreeable to both parties; but the
better form is to pay a sum for the desired article equal to the cost and half
of the profit to be obtained.

Respecting the Pharmacist’s Relation With Physicians

First — He should positively refuse to prescribe for customers except in
case of urgent emergency.

Second — He should not, under any circumstances, substitute one article
for another, or one make of an article for another, in a physician’s prescrip¬
tion without the physician’s consent.

Third — He should refuse to re-fill prescriptions or give copies of them
when so instructed by the physician.

Fourth — He should not put advertisement of any kind on prescription
blanks furnished to the physician, including the name and address of the
pharmacy or pharmacist.

Fifth — He should not place copies of prescriptions upon containers un¬
less ordered to do so by the prescriber, even though the patient should request
it. Nor should he use any word or label, like “For External Use,” “Poison,”
“Caution,” etc., with due regard for the wishes of the prescriber, provided
the safety of the patient and family is not jeopardized.

Sixth — Whenever there is a doubt as to the correctness of the physician’s
prescription or directions, he should invariably confer with the physician in
order to avoid possible mistakes or unpleasantness; changes in prescriptions
should not be made without such conference.

Refecting the Pharmacist’s Relations With His Patrons

First — He should seek to merit the confidence of his customers, which,
*vhen won, should be jealously guarded and never abused by extortion or
misrepresentation.

Second — He should supply products of standard quality only to patrons,
excepting when something inferior is specified and paid for by them.

Third — He should charge no more than fair, equitable prices for mer¬
chandise and prescriptions; but the time required for the proper preparation
of prescriptions should be duly considered and paid for.

Fourth — He should hold the safety and health of his patrons to be of
first consideration; he should make no attempt to treat disease nor strive
to sell nostrums or specifics simply for the sake of profit.

Fifth — He should consider the reckless or continued sale of drugs to
habitues and the illicit sale of abortive medicines or poisons to be practices
unbecoming a gentleman, a pharmacist and a member of this Association.

The M A RY L A:t^ D PHARMACIST

142

CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS
Preamble

Whereas, To promote progress and to guard the well-being of our pro
fession within the State, Pharmacists should be thoroghly organized, and

Whereas, The business relations existing between Pharmacists, Chemists,
Wholesale and Manufacturing Druggists are, and ought to be, of the most
intimate and confidential character, and

Whereas, There exists great necessity for the enactment of just, yet
stringent laws, in the interest of the public, to guard against the adulteration
of food and medicine and to confine the compounding and dispensing of
drugs and medicines to those who are thoroughly competent. Therefore, be it

Resolved, That we, the Pharmacists, Chemists, Wholesale and Manufactur¬
ing Druggists of the State of Maryland in convention assembled do hereby
organize ourselves into a permanent association and adopt the following
Constitution and By-Laws:

CONSTITUTION

Article I.

This Association shall be known as the Maryland Phahmaceuticai
Association.

Article II.

The object of this Association is to bring together the reputable Phar
macists. Chemists and Druggists of the State, that they may, by thorough or¬
ganization and united effort, advance the science of Pharmacy, promote
scientific research and, in the interest of the public, strive to have enacted
just, yet stringent, laws to prevent the adulteration of food and medicines
and to confine the compounding and sale of medicines to regularly educated
pharmacists.

Article III.

This Association shall consist of active, associate, life and honorary
members.

Article IV.

The Officers of this Association shall consist of a President, three Vice-
Presidents, a Secretary, an Assistant Secretary, a Local Secretary, a Treasurer,
an Editor and an Executive Committee of six members; of this Committee three
are to be elected from the City of Baltimore, one from the Eastern Shore, and
one from the Western Shore of the State of Maryland. The President of the
Baltimore Retail Druggists’ Association shall constitute the sixth member.

All Officers of this Association except the Local Secretary shall be
elected annually by ballot, and shall hold office until their successors are
elected and have qualified. The Local Secretary shall be appointed by the
President after the place of meeting shall have been selected.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

143

The president of the Association shall become a member of the Executive
Committee for the year immediately following his term as president, and
he shall serve as chairman of the Executive Committee during this period.

Article V.

Every proposition to alter or amend this Constitution must be submitted
in writing, and, after being read, shall be referred to the Executive Com¬
mittee, and lie over until the next annual meeting of the Association, when,
upon receiving an affirmative vote of three-fourths of the members present,
it .shall become part of this Constitution,

Article VI.

Fifteen members shall constitute .h quorum for the transaction of busi¬
ness.

BY-LAWS

Article I.

The President .shall preside over all meetings of this Association: he
shall announce all business received and submit all proper motions to the
consideration of the Association. Upon calling the yeas and nays, and in cases
of equal division, he shall vote; upon all other occasions he shall not vote.
He shall decide all questions of order, subject, however, to an appeal. He
shall appoint all committees, unless their appointment is otherwise ordered
by the Association, and shall be, ex-officio, a member of the Executive and
each Standing Committee. He shall present at each annual meeting of the
Association an address upon any subject he may elect, and shall make suclt
suggestions as may seem to him suitable to promote the interests and better
carry out the objects for which this Association has been organized. He shall
sign all certificates of membership, countersign all orders upon the Treasurer,
and authenticate the proceedings by his signature.

Article II.

Ill the absence of the President, or his inability to act, his duties shall
devolve upon the Vice-Presidents in their order of rank.

Article III.

The Secretary shall make and keep correct minutes of the proceedings
and conduct all the correspondence of the Association. He shall be, ex-officio,
a member and Secretary of the Executive and each Standing Committee. He
shall carefully preserve on file all reports, essays and papers of every descrip¬
tion, and it shall be his duty, under direction of the Executive Committee,
to edit, publish and distribute the Proceedings of the Association, and shall
be paid an annual salary of one hundred dollars. The Local Secretary shall
reside at or near the place of annual meeting and have charge of arrange¬
ments for the same.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Article IV.

The Treasurer shall collect and safely hold all dues and other funds
belonging to the Association, to the order of the Executive Committee. He
shall report to the Executive Committee before eacli annual meeting the
names of all members who have failed to pay their dues. He shall at each
annual meeting render a statement of his accounts to the Executive Com¬
mittee for audit, and report a copy of same to the Association, He shall be,
ex-ofhcio, a member of the Executive Committee and shall be paid an annual
salary of one hundred dollars. He shall keep a separate account for the
monthly Journal charging all expenses and crediting all receipts, setting out
this account separately in his annual report.

Article V.

The Editor shall edit, distribute and have general charge of the publica¬
tions of the Association including the monthly Journal, with the co-operation
of the Committee on Publications. He shall be paid an annual salary to be
fixed by the Executive Committee and shall be an ex-olficio member of the
Committee.

Article VI.

The Executive Committee shall have charge of the roll; shall investigate
the claims of all candidates for membership, and have charge of all business
not otherwise assigned.

All expenditures of Association funds must receive the approval of the
Executive Committee.

Article VII.

This Association shall hold its meetings annually at such time and place
as the Executive Committee may name. Special meetings shall be called,
upon the written application of ten members, directed to the President; said
written application before being acted on must be submitted to the Board
of Trustees, and receive the approval of a majority of said ,Board of Trustees,
and at least twenty-five days’ notice be given of the time, place and object of
meeting in special session. A semi-annual meeting may be held at such place
as the President may designate which the officers and chairman of commit
tees, especially shall attend.

Article VIII.

The officers of the Association shall constitute a Board of Trustees for
the transaction of any business that may be intrusted to it.

Article IX.

Eligibility — Active Members, Pharmacists, Chemists, Wholesale or Munu
factoring Druggists of good moral and professional standing and their rep
resentatives. Teachers of Botany, Materia Medica or any other science per¬
taining to Pharmacy are eligible to active membership and shall pay the
annual dues.

Article X.

Any person meeting the requirements for active membership, residing
in the District of Columbia and recommended by the District of Columbia

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

IJfO

Pharmaceutical Association, may be elected an Associate member of the
Maryland Pharmaceutical Association, and shall pay the annual dues of
five dollars; such Associate members shall have all the privileges of active
members with the exceptions of the right to vote and the right to hold elec¬
tive offices.

Article XL

The fiscal year of this Association shall be the calendar year. Annual
dues of each active member shall be 20 dollars, except clerks in retail drug
stores, whose dues shall be two dollars, and shall be payable in advance for
the current fiscal year.

All applications for membership must be handed to the Executive Com¬
mittee for investiation, and by them reported to the Association. Election
of members shall be by ballot. Five black balls shall defeat an election.

Applications for membership ad interim may be acted upon by the Exe¬
cutive Committee, and if they receive an unanimous vote, shall be declared
members of the Association.

Members elected within three months of the close of the fiscal year
will not pay dues until the beginning of the fiscal year following.

Any member one year in arrears for his dues shall not receive the
publications of this Association and any member two years in arrears for
his dues, shall after due notification from the treasurer, lose his rights as a
member.

Article XII.

Any person may be expelled for cause by a three-fourths vote of all
the members present at any meeting of the Association; provided, however,
that due notice has been served upon the offending member and he has had
an opportunity to be heard in his own defense.

Article XIII.

Any member who shall have paid his dues to the treasurer for fifteen years
and thereafter pays the sum of $100.00 at one time, shall be declared a life
member. He shall be, thereafter, further exempt from paying the annual dues.

Article XIV.

A certificate of membership will be issued to any member upon the
payment of one dollar.

Article XV.

All certificates of membership and life membership shall be signed by
the President and Secretary.

Article XVI.

Pharmacists, physicians, chemists and other scientific men of merit may
be elected honorary members of this Association, and be entitled to all
privileges of the Association, excepting the right to vote and to hold office.
They shall not be required to pay the annual dues.

Article XVII.

The Executive Committee shall furnish the order of business for each
annual meeting and shall furnish the Secretary a draft of program at least
inirtv days before the date of siu h meeting.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

146

Article XVIII.

Three members of the Association in good standing shall be elected
by ballot at each annual meeting, from which three members so elected, the
Governor of the State shall be requested to appoint one as a member of the
Maryland Board of Pharmacy to succeed the member of the said board
whose term of office shall expire on the first day of May next following.

Article XIX.

The following Standing Committees shall be appointed annually:

1. A Committee on Pharmacy, composed of five members, whose duty
it shall be to represent this Association in all scientific and professional
matters.

2. A Committee on Commercial Interests, composed of five members,
whose duty it shall be to represent this Association in all commercial matters.

3. A Committee on the School of Pharmacy, composed of seven members,
whose duty it shall be to represent this Association in all matters pertain¬
ing to the School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Education.

4. A Committee on Legislation, composed of ten members, whose duty
it shall be to represent this Association in all legislative matters. They shall
also be empowered to bring before all state and national bodies all needed
legislation pertaining to pharmacy.

5. A Committee on Membership, composed of ten members, whose duty
it shall be to induce eligible persons to become members of this Association;
and shall also report all deaths of members occurring during the year and
present fitting memorials for publication.

6. Committee on Entertainment, composed of five members, who shall
have charge of the entertainment features of this Association.

7. A Committee on Publications composed of five members, who shall
cooperate with the Editor of the Association in the preparation and distrub-
ution of the publications of the Association, including the monthly Journal,
and in keeping the public informed as to the activities of this Association
through the pharmaceutical and lay press.

Article Xa.

Section 1. {Authorization ) The Maryland Pharmaceutical Association
hereby authorizes the organization of the Travelers’ Auxiliary of the Maryland
Pharmaceutical Association to be a permanent organization to aid in the up¬
building and entertainment of the Association.

Section 2. {Membership.) Membership of the Auxiliary shall comprise
all representatives who sell to the pharmacists and to the drug trade in
general.

Section 3. {Dues.) Each member of the Auxiliary shall pay three dollars
in annual dues to the Treasurer of the Auxiliary'.

Section 4. {Funds.) The Executive Committee of the Maryland Phar¬
maceutical Association is hereby authorized to pay over to the Treasurer of

TJie MARYLAND PHARMACIST

lift

the Auxiliary each year an appropriate sum. This fund, together with the
dues paid by the members of the Auxiliary, and such other funds as it may
collect, shall be used by the Auxiliary to provide entertainment for the Assc-
ciation at its meetings.

Section 5. {Function.) The Committee on Entertainment and Publicity
shall devise with the Travelers’ Auxiliary in matters pertaining to the pro¬
gram of entertainment for each meeting of the Association.

Section 6. (Powers.) The Travelers’ Auxiliary and the Entertainment
and Publicity Committee shall have exclusive control of the entertainment
features of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association at its meetings.

Article XXL

Section 1. (Authorization.) The Maryland Pharmaceutical Association
hereby authorizes the organization of a Students’ Auxiliary of the Maryland
Pharmaceutical Association.

Section 2. (Membership.) Under-graduate students who are members
of the second, third, and fourth year classes, respectively, of the School of
Pharmacy of the University of Maryland shall be eligible for active member¬
ship in the Students’ Auxiliary.

Section 3. The Students’ Auxiliary is hereby empowered to adopt a

constitution and by-laws which constitution shall be approved by the Mary¬

land Pharmaceutical Association before taking effect.

Section 4. The Students’ Auxiliary is empowered to elect such officers
and appoint such committees as provided for in the constitution and by-laws,
including an Executive Committee. The President of the Maryland Phar¬
maceutical Association shall be a member, ex officio and without vote, of the
Executive Committee of the Students’ Auxiliary, and the President of the
Students’ Auxiliary shall be a member, ex officio and without vote, of the
Executive Committee of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association.

Section 5. The Students’ Auxiliary of the Maryland Pharmaceutical

Association shall send three delegates to the annual convention of the Mary¬
land Pharmaceutical Association, such delegates to be appointed in accordance
with the by-laws.

Section 6. The members of the Students’ Auxiliary of the Maryland

Pharmaceutical Association shall be entitled to receive “The Maryland Phar¬
macist” for each month of the college year, upon the payment to the Publica¬
tions Committee of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association the sum of
fifty cents (50c) per member.

Article XXII.

All propositions to alter or amend these By-Laws must be submitted in
writing and referred to the Committee on Laws at one session, and may be
acted on at the next or at any succeeding session and the proposition deter¬
mined by a majority vote.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

]J,8

OFFICERS BALTIMORE RETAIL DRUGGISTS' ASSOCIATION

President — Frank Block
First Vice-President — Stephen J. Provenza
Second Vice-President — Henry M. Golditch
Third Vice-President — Bernard Cherry
Fourth Vice-President — V. H. Morgenroth, Jr.
Secretary — Joseph Cohen
Sec. Emeritus — Melville Strasburger
Treasurer — Frank L. Black

Executive Committee

Gordon A. Mouat, Chairman
Herman B. Drukman
WiLMER J. Heer
Alexander J. Ogrinz, Jr.

I. Jack Parks
Simon Solomon, Ex-Officio

CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS
OF

BALTIMORE RETAIL DRUGGISTS' ASSOCIATION

Article I
MEMBERSHIP

Section 1. Membership in the Association shall be divided into four
classes: ACTIVE MEMBERS, LIFE MEMBERS, HONORARY MEMBERS,
and ASSOCIATE MEMBERS.

(a) ACTIVE MEMBERS: All registered Pharmacists who are or were
actively engaged in the practice of retail pharmacy in Metropolitan Baltimore
as owners of retail drug stores, are eligible to become active members. Appli¬
cations shall be made on the form prescribed by the Executive Committee and
shall be approved by the vote of a majority of the Active Members present
at regular annual meetings or in the interim, by a majority vote of the Executive
Committee. None of the above qualifications shall change the status of any
Active Member at this time.

(b) LIFE MEMBERS: Any Active Member who has paid dues for
fifteen years, may pay the sum of 1100.00 to the Treasurer and shall be
a Life Member and shall be presented with an appropriate certificate hy
the President. Life Members shall have all the rights and privileges of
Active Members, including the right to vote, but are not required to pay the
annual dues, thereafter.

(c) HONORARY MEMBERS: Professional men, physicians, pharmacists,
chemists, scientists and other persons of merit, not actively engaged in the
practice of retail pharmacy, shall, upon the vote of 80% of the Executive
Committee, be declared Honorary Members and shall be entitled to all the

The MARYLA:ND PHARMACIST 1J,9

privileges of the other classes of members except the right to vote and to hold
elective office. They shall not be required to pay annual dues.

(d) ASSOCIATE MEMBERS: Any Pharmacist or other person actively
engaged in industries allied to the profession, who do not meet qualifications
of Active Membership, may by paying such dues as determined by the Executive
Committee be eligible to all rights and privileges of the Association, except
to vote and hold office.

MEETINGS

Section 2. MEETINGS:

(a) ANNUAL MEETINGS: The annual meeting of the members for the
election of officers and members of the Executive Committee of the Association
and for the transaction of any other business that may be before the meeting
shall be held in December of each year in the City of Baltimore at a time
and place designated by the Executive Committee.

(b) SPECIAL MEETINGS: The Special Meetings of the members may
be called by the President or a majority of the Executive Committee, upon
five days written notice. Petitions requesting special meetings, signed by not
less than twenty-five active members, addressed to the President, shall make it
m.andatory for such special meetings to be called.

Section 3. QUORUM: Twenty-five members who are entitled to vote
shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of any business at any annual
or special meeting.

Article II

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

Section 1. The property and affairs of the Association shall be managed
by the Executive Committee consisting of ten members; the President, the
four Vice-Presidents, the Chairman, (the immediate preceding President)
and four members at large. To the extent that the Corporation Laws of this
State permit, the Executive Coommittee shall be the governing body of the
Association and shall have, and be entitled to exercise, all the powers of the
members. The Chairman and members at large of the Executive Committee
shall be elected by ballot at the annual meeting of the Association, and shall
hold office until their successors are elected and have qualified. In case of
resignation, removal or death of any member of the Executive Committee, the
vacancy shall be filled by the remaining members of the Executive Com¬
mittee, and the new Committee member shall hold office until the election
and qualification of his successor.

Section 2. The Executive Committee shall meet at such times and places
as the Committee may determine. Special meetings of the Committee may be
called at any time by the President or by a majority of the Committee.

Section 3. No member of the Executive Committee shall receive any
compensation for his services as such.

Section 4. Six members of the Executive Committee shall constitute a
quorum for the transaction of any business at any regular or special meeting of
the Executive Committee, except as provided for in Article I, Section 1,
paragraph (c).

150

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Article III
OFFICERS

Section 1. The officers of the Association shall consist of a President, four
Vice-Presidents, a Secretary and a Treasurer. Such officers shall be elected
by the Active and Life Members at the regular annual meeting, and shall
hold office for one year or until their successors are elected and qualified.

Section 2. The Executive Committee may, from time to time, appoint such
other officers and agents with such powers and duties as the Committee may
deem advisable.

Section 3. Any vacancy in any office shall be filled by a majority vote of
the Executive Committee.

Section 4. Any officer, or employee, may be removed at any time with
cause by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Executive Committee or by any
superior officer upon whom such power of removal may have been conferred
by the Executive Committee, and such action shall be conclusive upon the
officer or employee so removed.

Section 5. The officers shall perform such duties as may, from time to time,
be designated by the Executive Committee.

Article IV
OFFICIAL SEAL

The official seal of the Association shall have inscribed thereon the
name of the Corporation and the words “Incorporated 1952 Maryland”.

Article V

FINANCIAL ADMINISTRATION

Section 1.

(a) All checks or orders for payment of money shall be signed by such
officer or officers as may, from time to time, be designated by the Executive
Committee provided such papers be signed by the Treasurer, with the
approval of the President or such other officer designated by the President.

(b) All other contracts, obligations and documents of all kinds shall be
executed by the President, whose signature shall be witnessed by the Secretary,
after approval shall first have been given by the Executive Committee and
shall include such signature or signatures of other officers as may be required
and designated by the Executive Committee.

Section 2. The fiscal year of the Association shall be the calendar year.

Section 3. All Active Members, in order to maintain their status as
Active Members, are required to pay dues in the amount of $10.00 per year,
payable on January 1st of each year, in advance. Any Active Member who is
in default in the payment of his annual dues for one year shall automatically
cease to be an Active Member of the Association.

Section 4. The Secretary and Treasurer shall each receive a salary in such
amount as the Executive Committee may determine, for his services.

Section 5. A full and true statement of the affairs of the Association shall
be submitted at the annual meeting of the members, and filed within twenty
days thereafter at the principal office of the Association.

The M A RY L D PHARMACIST

151

Article VI

STANDING COMMITTEES

Section 1. The following standing committees shall be appointed annually
by the President, and the President shall be a member ex-officio of all such
committees:

1. Social Committee

2. Pharmacy Committee

3. Building Committee

4. Publicity Committee

5. Membership Committee

6. Committee on Attendance and Arranging Meetings

7. Vigilance Committee

8. Committee on Inter-Professional and Public Relations

9. Civil Defense Committee

10. Legislative Committee

11. Prescription Survey Committee

12. Good and Welfare Committee

13. Auditing Committee

The Executive Committee may also appoint such other special Committees
as it, from time to time, may deem necessary or advisable.

The number of members serving on standing and special committees and
the duties and responsibilities of all committees shall be determined by the
Executive Committee, and a report of all committees shall be submitted, in
writing, at the annual meeting of members.

Article VII

AMENDMENTS

These By-Laws may be amended by the affirmative vote of two-thirds of
the members in attendance, at any regular meeting of the members or a special
meeting called for that purpose; provided that notice to members, in writing,
of the proposed changes be given at least fifteen days before the meeting.

Article VIII

ORDER OF BUSINESS •

The order of busines at the annual meeting and special meetings, where
appropriate, shall be as follows:

1. Call to order

2. Roll Call

3. Reading of minutes of previous meeting

4. Reading of communications

5. Reports of officers and committees

6. Unfinished business

7. Election of members

8. New business, including election of officers and members at large
of the Executive Committee; and

9. Adjournment.

152

The M A RY L A2^ D PHARMACIST

CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS
TRAVELERS' AUXILIARY

MARYLAND PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
(T. A. M. P. A.)

Effective as of October 6th, 1951

Preamble

In accordance with the authority contained in Section 1, Article XX, of the
Constitution and By-Laws of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association,
this organization shall be known as the Travelers’ Auxiliary of the Maryland
Pharmaceutical Association.

Article I.

The object of this Association shall be to co-operate with the Maryland
Pharmaceutical Association in promoting the general welfare of the drug
trade and assist in providing entertainment at the Annual Convention.

Article II.

This Association shall meet regularly on the FIRST Saturday of each
month unless otherwise ordered by a two-thirds vote of members present.

The ANNUAL meeting shall be held during the time and at the place
of the Annual Convention of the Maryland Pharmacerutical Association.

Article III.

Executive Officers.

The Governing Body of this Association shall be composed of Active
Members only and shall consist of a PRESIDENT, FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT,
SECOND VICE-PRESIDENT, THIRD VICE-PRESIDENT, SECRETARY-
TREASURER, ASSISTANT SECRETARY-TREASURER, a Board of Direc¬
tors consisting of nine members and the IMMEDIATE Past President who
shall act as Chairman of the Board.

Article IV.

All officers of this Association shall be elected annually at our meeting
which shall be held during the time of the Annual Convention of the Maryland
Pharmaceutical Association. The PRESIDENT, FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT,
SECOND VICE-PRESIDENT, THIRD VICE-PRESIDENT, shall be elected
for a term of one year, SECRETARY-TREASURER for a term of one year,
and the ASSISTANT SECRETARY-TREASURER for a term of one year.
In the event of any officer not being able to perform any duties pertaining
to his office, each following officer will perform the duties of the next highest
office until the next Annual Convention. Three DIRECTORS shall be elected
for a term of three years each.

The candidates for President, First Vice-President, Second Vice-President,
7'hird Vice-President, Secretary-Treasurer, Assistant Secretary-Treasurer receiv¬
ing a majority of votes cast shall be declared elected to their respective office.

The three candidates for Directors receiving the largest number of votes
cast shall be elected as Directors.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

7J5

Article V.

The PAST PRESIDENTS shall constitute a permanent group to be
known as the ADVISORY COMMITTEE.

Article VI.

This Association shall consist of ACTIVE MEMBERS, ASSOCIATE
MEMBERS and HONORARY MEMBERS.

Article VII.

Thirty members (ACTIVE) shall constitute a quorum for the transaction
of business.

Article VIII.

These By-Laws may be suspended at any regular meeting of the Association
by a unanimous vote of the members present. Amendments to the By-Laws
may be proposed at any session, in writing, and voted upon at the next regular
meeting and may be accepted or rejected by a two-thirds vote of the ACTIVE
members present.

Article IX.

Honorary President

To be elected at Annual Meeting for a term of one year.

BY-LAWS
SECTION I.

Duties of Officers and Committees.

PRESIDENT — ^It shall be the duties of the President to preside at all
meetings of the Association and its Governing Body and to perform such
other duties as ordinarily pertain to his office. He shall also call a meeting of
the Chairmen of the various committees at least twice a year.

VICE-PRESIDENTS — In the absence of the President, or his inability to
act, his duties shall devolve upon the Vice-Presidents in the order of their rank.

SECRETARY-TREASURER and/or ASSISTANT SECRETARY-TREAS¬
URER — It shall be the duties of the Secretary-Treasurer and/or Assistant
Secretary-Treasurer to keep a record of all proceedings and finances of the
Association. They shall make a complete report, in writing, at the first
regular meeting following the Annual Convention. They shall deposit all
funds in the name of the Association in a bank acceptable to Governing Body.

All checks must be signed by the President and Secretary-Treasurer, or
the President and the Assistant Secretary-Treasurer or by the Secretary-
Treasurer and Assistant Secretary-Treasurer.

GOVERNING BODY — This Body shall be charged with the transaction
of all business not covered specifically by these By-Laws and shall hold a
monthly meeting or oftener at the discretion of the President to transact any
necessary business and to hear the detailed report of the Secretary-Treasurer
or the Assistant Secretary-Treasurer as to finances and membership, except
during the month of August in which there is no activity.

SECTION II.

All officers shall assume the duties of the offices to which they are elected
at the first regular meeting following their election. At this meeting the

The M ARY L D PHARMACIST

15Jt

President shall appoint the following PRINCIPAL and STANDING committees
(except AUDITING and NOMINATING, which shall be appointed at the
meeting prior to the ANNUAL meeting) and any others deemed necessary.
ATTENDANCE MEMBERSHIP

CUSTODIAN PROGRAM

LUNCHEON PUBLICITY

THE MARYLAND PHARMACIST WELFARE

SECTION HI.

Duties of Committees.

Chairman of each Committee shall call a Meeting of his Committee mem¬
bers at least twice a year and shall submit a report to the President.

ATTENDANCE — It shall be the duties of this committee to promote
attendance at all meetings.

AUDITINC^ — This committee shall consist of three Past Presidents whose
duties it shall be to audit the books annually and submit a written report.

LUNCHEON — This committee shall arrange all menus for regular meet¬
ings, shall sell tickets at the door, see that all present are being served and
distribute all prizes.

THE MARYLAND PHARMACIST— It shall be the duties of this com¬
mittee to cooperate with the Editor of the Maryland Pharmacist in supplying
information, news of interest, activities of the T.A.M.P.A. Such information
to be in the hands of the M.P.A. Editor not later than the Monday following
the Saturday of the regular monthly Meeting.

MEMBERSHIP — This committee shall thoroughly investigate the char¬
acter of all applicants.

NOMINATINf^ — This committee shall consist of three immediate Past
Presidents, whose duties it shall be to suggest a complete roster of officers to be
elected at the ANNUAL Meeting. This roster to be presented when called for
by the President. Additional nominations may be made from the floor.

PROGRAM — This committee shall arrange all programs for all regular
meetings.

PUBLICITY — It shall be the duties of this committee to furnish news
of our activities to the press or any other medium.

CUSTODIAN — ^It shall be the duties of this committee to see that an
American Flag and T.A.M.P.A. Banner is available and displayed at all
meetings and to protect any equipment of the Association.

WELFARE AND SICK — It shall be the duties of this committee to call
on the sick and make a report at each regular meeting, and also render
any assistance within the power of the Association.

ADVISORY — This committee shall act at the request of the President.

SECTION IV.

Membership.

Active membership in this Association shall be limited to men calling on
the Drug Trade, who are acceptable to the Governing Body of the Association.

The M A RY L D PHARMACIST

loo

Applications for membership shall be in writing on the prescribed form and
endorsed by two ACTIVE members and accompanied by one year’s dues.

All applications or names of prospective applicants shall be handed the
Secretary-Treasurer, who shall submit the name, firm represented and any other
information to the Governing Body for their decision as to eligibility. This
Body to submit its report to the membership committee for their investigation,
they to report to the Secretary-Treasurer. If a favorable report is received the
Secretary-Treasurer shall announce the name or names in his written com¬
munication to the membership for action at next regular meeting.

Upon acceptance by two-thirds vote of ACTIVE members present the
person or persons whose name was acted upon shall be notified by the
Secretary-Treasurer, in writing, of his election, and his name will be inscribed
on the rolls of the Association.

This Association shall have the power to expel a member by a vote of two-
thirds ACTIVE members present at a regular meeting, providing a trial is
held for conduct against the best interests of the Association, but no person
shall be expelled until he has been notified of the charges against him and
given an opportunity to present his defense.

Associate Members.

An Associate member of this Association shall be a member who by reason
of change of occupation shall cease to qualify, in the opinion of the Governing
Body, as an Active member but who desires to remain in the Association for
its social contact. He will pay the regular dues but may not vote.

Honorary Members.

The Governing Body may nominate for Honorary membership, persons,
who in their opinion have rendered such service to the Association as to
deserve this recognition. All such nominations to be subject to election by a
two-thirds vote of the membership present at a regular or Annual Meeting.
Such membership to carry no voting privilege and also to be exempt from
the annual dues.

Dues.

The annual dues of the members of this Association shall be seven dollars
and fifty cents ($7.50) and shall be payable in advance- on January first, of
each year, and shall be considered in arrears, if not paid by the time of the
Annual Convention, and such member shall be automatically dropped from the
rolls. New members joining the Association after September first, dues are
paid for the following year.

STUDENTS' AUXSLIARY

OF THE MARYLAND PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS
Preamble

V'iii:rkas, To promote progress and to guard the welfare of our profession,
'Indents of pliarmacy and pharmacists should be thoroughly organized, and
WriEREAS. The relationships existing between pharmacists and students

156

The M ARY L A:N D PHARMACIST

of pharmacy are, and ought to be, of an intimate and confidential character,
and

Whereas, There exists a necessity for the enactment of just, yet stringent
laws, in the interest of public health, to guard against the adulteration ol
lood and medicine and to confine the compounding, dispensing, and distribu¬
tion of drugs and medicines to those who are thoroughly competent, and

Whereas, Students of pharmacy should be familiarized with the con¬
ditions existing in the problems confronting their profession.

Therefore, be it Resolved, That we, students in the School of Pharmacy
of the University of Maryland in meeting assembled do hereby organize our¬
selves into a Students’ Auxiliary of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association

CONSTITUTION

Articee 1.

This organization shall be known as the Students’ Auxiliary of the Mary¬
land Pharmaceutical Association.

Article II.

The object of this Auxiliary is to provide for the participation of students
in the activities of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association to the end that
their interest in pharmaceutical association work may be awakened and
guided.

Article III.

This auxiliary shall consist of active members.

.\rticle IV.

I'he olficers of this Auxiliary shall consist of a President, who shaA be
a member of the fourth year class; two Vice-Presidents, a first Vice-President
from the third year class, and a second Vice-President from the second year
tdass; a Secretary; a Treasurer; an Editor; and an Executive Committee of five
members, one of whom shall be elected from the fourth year class, one of
whom shall he elected iTom the third year class, and one of whom shall be
elected from the second year class, the Dean of the School of Pharmacy, or
some person authorized by the Dean, shall be a member of the Executive
Committee, one member of the Executive Committee shall be appointed by
the Executive Council of the Faculty of the School of Pharmacy. The Pres¬
ident of the Auxiliary, the Secretary of the Auxiliary and the Treasurer of
the Auxiliary shall be members, ex-officio and without vote, of the Executive
Committee. The President of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association shall
be a member, ex-officio and without vote, of the Executive Committee. All
elective officers of this Auxiliary shall be elected annually by ballot and shall
hold offijoe until their successors are elected and have qualified.

Article V.

Every proposal to alter or amend this Constitution shall be submitted in
writing, and, after being read, shall be referred to the Executive Committee
for approval. After receiving such approval it shall lie over until the next
regular meeting of the Auxiliary, when upon receiving an affirmative vote of
three-fourths of the members present and when it has been approved bv the

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

157

Maryland Pharmaceutical Association, it shall become a part of this Con¬
stitution.

Article VI.

One-fourth of the total membership of this auxiliary shall constitute a
quorum for the transaction of business.

BY-LAWS

Article I.

No member shall be eligible for candidacy to office or to committee ap¬
pointment who has not received a passing grade in all courses in the semester
immediately preceding candidacy or time of appointment.

Article II.

The President shall preside at all meetings of the Auxiliary and conduct
them in an orderly manner, he shall announce the business to be acted upon,
cause all communications to be read, and submit all proper motions to the
consideration of the Auxiliary. Upon counting a vote, and in cases of equal
division, he shall vote; upon all other occasions, he shall not vote. He shall
decide all questions of order, subject, however, to appeal. He shall appoint
all committees, subject to the approval of the Executive Committee, and he
shall be, ex-officio, a member of the Executive Committee and of each stand¬
ing committee. He shall be, ex-officio and without vote, a member of the
Executive Committee of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association. He shall
present an annual report to the Auxiliary, and make such suggestions as
seem to him suitable to promote the interests of the Auxiliary and the at¬
tainment of its objectives. He shall perform such other duties as may be
designated by the Executive Committee.

Article HI.

In the absence of the President, or his inability to act, his duties shall
devolve upon the Vice-Presidents in their order of rank.

Article IV.

The Secretary shall make and keep correct minutes of the proceedings
and shall conduct all corresondence for the Auxiliary. He shall be, ex-officio,
a member and Secretary of the Executive Committee and of each standing
committee. He shall carefully preserve and file all reports and papers of
every description and he shall, under the direction of the Executive Com¬
mittee, submit and make available to the Editor any material intended foi
publication.

Article V.

The Treasurer shall collect and keep an accurate account of all dues
and other funds belonging to the Auxiliary and pay all bills upon the order
of the Executive Committee. He shall annually submit a statement of his
accounts to the Executive Committee for audit, and report a copy of the
same to the Auxiliarly. He shall be, ex-officio, a member of the Executive
Committee.

158

The M A RY L AI^ D PHARMACIST

Article VI.

The Editor shall edit, distribute and have general charge of the publicity
of the Auxiliary with the aid of the Committee on Publicity.

Article VII.

d'he Executive Committee shall have charge of the roll, shall investigate
the claims of all candidates for membership and have charge of all business
not otherwise assigned. No financial obligation in excess of five dollars ($5.00)
shall be contracted by any officer or committee except with the approval ol
the Executive Committee.

Article VIII.

The Auxiliary shall hold not less than six meetings each year at such
times and places and for such purposes as the Executive Committee may
designate. An annual business meeting to receive the reports of officers shall
be held between the first and fifteenth of May. An annual meeting for the
election of officers shall be held between the first of October and the first of
November.

Article IX.

Undergraduate students who are members of the fourth year, third year
or second year classes, respectively, shall be eligible to active membership.
The annual dues shall be one dollar in advance.

Article X.

The fiscal year of the Auxiliary shall begin June 1st and end May 3lst.

Article XI.

Any person may be expelled foi cause by a majority vote of all the
members present at any meeting of the Auxiliary; provided, however, that
due notice has been served upon tne offending member and that hp has had
an opportunity to be heard in his own defense.

Article XII.

A certificate of membership signed by the President and Secretary shah
be issued to any member upon request. The certificate fee shall be one
dollar.

Article XIII.

The Executive Committee shall furnish the order of business for each
business meeting.

Article XIV.

One-half of the dues of each active member shall be turned over to the
Treasurer of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association in payment of a
subscription for each active member to “The Maryland Pharmacist’’ which
shall be the official organ of the Auxiliary.

Article XV

Two delegates to the annual convention of the Maryland Pharmaceutical
Association shall be appointed by the President with the approval of the
Executive Committee. One delegate shall be a member of the third year
^lass and one shall be a member of the second year class. The President of

The M A RY L AlSf D PHARMACIST

159

the Auxiliary shall be a delegate and shall serve as Chairman of the dele¬
gation. The Chairman shall present the annual report of the Auxiliary to
the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association.

Article XVI.

The necessary traveling and hotel expenses of delegates to the annual
convention of the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association may be paid in part
or in whole from the funds in the Treasury of the Auxiliary, provided that
these be sufficient and that the payment be authorized by the Executive
Committee.

Article XVII.

The following standing committees shall serve annually:

1. A committee on program composed of five members; three of whom
shall be appointed by the President, one each from the fourth, third and
second year classes, respectively. The Dean of the School of Pharmacy or
some person authorized by the Dean shall serve as an advisory member and
a faculty member shall be appointed by the Executive Council of the Faculty
of the School of Pharmacy. It shall be the duty of this committee to provide
and arrange for all programs of the Auxiliary.

2. A committee on publicity composed of five members; three of whom
shall be appointed by the President, one each from the fourth, third and
second year classes, respectively. The Dean of the School of Pharmacy or
some person authorized by the Dean shall serve as a member. The Editor
shall be a member and chairman of the committee. It shall be the duty of
this committee to assemble and assist the Editor in preparing all announce¬
ments and publicity for the .Vuxiliary.

3. A committee on nominations, composed of seven members, of whom
the President shall appoint two members of the fourth year class, two
members of the third year class, and two members of the second year class.
The Dean of the School of Pharmacy or some persons authorized by the Dean
shall be a member, and shall determine the eligibility of candidates. It shall
be the duty of this committee to nominate two candidates for each elective
office, and present their names to the Auxiliary at the time of the annual
election. Additional nominations may be made from the floor.

Article XVIII.

Any proposal or recommendation, resolution or matter to be presented
by the Auxiliary to the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association shall be sub¬
mitted to and approved by the Executive Committee of the Auxiliary and
by the Executive Council of the Faculty of the School of Pharmacv-

Article XIX.

Every proposal to alter or amend the By-Laws shall be submitted in
writing and, after being read, shall be referred to the Executive Committee
for approval. If approved by a majority of the Executive Committee, it
shall lie over until the next regular meeting of the Auxiliary when, upon
receiving a maj'ority vote of the members present, it shall become a part
of the By-Laws.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

REGISTERED PHARMACISTS IN MARYLAND

The following list of Registered Pharmacists is furnished by
and with the authority of the Maryland Board of Pharmacy, and
every care has been taken to make the list accurate in every detail.
However, should any errors be noted, please notify the Secretary
of the Maryland Board of Pharmacy, No. 2411 North Charles Street,
Baltimore, Maryland.

Aarons, Hillel R.
Aaronson, Alfred I.
Abarbanel, Judith
Aberbanel, Morton
Abelsky, Abraham
Abelson, Abraham A.
Abrahams, C. S.
Abrams, Marvin H.
Abramson, Aaron
Abramson, Daniel J.
Abramowitz, Manuel
Abramowitz, Robt. N.
Adams, Embray E.
Adams, James H.
Adamson, Robert W.
Albert, Ada Celeste
Albert, Irvin J.
Albrecht, Walter E.
Albrecht, William F.
Alessi, Alfred Henry
Alessi, Edward J.
Alexander, Horace L.
Alexander, Latimer B.
Alexander, Lydia B.
Alexander, T. W.
Alexander, Wm. A.
Allaband, Edgar R.
Allen, Benjamin F.
Allen, E. B.

Allen, Claris M.
Alliker, Morris J.
Alpern, Elwin H.
Amarant, Emil
Amoia, Henry
Anders, W Raymond
Anderson, B. W.
Anderson, Chas. D.
Anderson, Chas. R.
Anderson, J. Erroll
(colored)

Anderson, Solon Lee
Andrews, Marvin J.
Angster, Jerome
Angorn, Richard A.
Ansell, Max S.

Anthony, Arthur F.
Anthony, John P.
Apitz, Fred W.
Appel, William J.
Applestein, Frank
Applestein, Harry A.
Arch, Edward K.
Archambault, Paul J.
Archer, Fletcher W.
Archer, Theodore
Armentrout, L. W.
Armstrong, Chas. L.
Arrington, H. S.
Artigiani, Filiberto
Artsis, Morris
Asbill. J. Lewis
Ashbury, Howard E.
Ashby, James H
Askey, Wilbur G.
Atlas, Harvey H.
August, IHenry John
Aursliff, Carl
Austerlitz. John S.
Austin, Chas. S., Jr.
Austraw, H. H.
Austraw, Richard F.
Avent, T. E.

Avinger, Noel S
Avis, James L.
Axelrod, Stuart
Ayd, George J.

Ayd, John Joseph
Ayd, Joseph M.
Aytes, Chester Ray

Baer, Philip C.
Bachman, Fenton L.
Baer, Adolph
Baier, John Cletus
Bailey, Grafton D. P.
Bailey, Halcolm S.
Bair, Schafer B.
Bakas, James A.
Baker, Daniel S.
Baker, G. F.

Baker, Harley E.

Baker, Israel
Baker, J. Elmer
Baker, William
Balassone, Francis S.
Balcerak, Eugene P.
Baldwin, G. Mitchell
Baldwin, James S.
Balje, Richard A.
Balliet, Woods D.
Balmert, Clemens A.
Balotin, Louis Leon
Baltz, George E.
Bambach, Stanley
Bambrick, Vincent C.
Bankard. Jesse C.
Barbacoff, Alec
Barbour, J. C.
Barcus. Glenn W.
Barke, Daniel S.
Barker. C. W,
Barnett, Edward J.
Barnett, Ruth Ella
Barnett, William M.
Barnes, Forrest P.
Barnett, W. P.
Barnum, Charles W.
(colored)

Barone, James A.
Baroti, Ethel
Barrett, A. G.
Barrett, Henry H.
Barrett, Sister Agatha
Barrett, William H.
Barrie, Louis C.
Barron. Frank R.
Barry, Wilbur Ford
Barshack, Jack
Barsky, Samuel
Bartlett, Fitz James
Bartoshesky, Louis H
Basik, Harvey E.
Basil, George C.
Bassett, Irving A.
Bastable, Edward J.
Batalion, Abraham L
Batchison, Joseph C.
Batease, John Charles

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

lai

Batie, A. Lester
Batzer, George W
Batt. William H.
Bauer, John C.

Bayer, George
Baylus, Meyer Milby
Baylus, Joseph
Beall, Clara
Beall, R. B
Beall, W. W.

Beam, John H.

Beam, Merlin A.
Beatty, Annie K,
Beatty, Charles E.
Beck, Herbert
Beck, John G.

Beck, Samuel D.
Becker, Louis
Beckley, J. Harry
Bectem, C, H.

Beer, Donald Richard
Behrman, Bernard F
Beistle, Mathew J.
Beitler, Ben
Beitler, Leonard
Belbot, Emma N.
Belford, Joseph
Bell, Abraham P.

Bell, David W.. Jr.
Bell. L. J.

Bell, Raymond M.
Beller, John R.
Bellerman, L. A.
Beilis, Walter S.
Bellman, Frank A.
Belt, James F.
Bender, Maurice
Benfer, Benjamin D.
Benick, Carroll R.
Benkovic, George J.
Bennett, C. W.. Jr.
Bennett, Howard S.
Bennett. Lester Leroy
Bensel, Robert John
Benson, Charles M.
Bentheme, James A.
Benton, Luther B.
Bentz. William A.
Bercovitz, Leon J.
Berger, Abraham A.
Berger, George W.
Rergner, Samuel W.
Bergstein, Robert S.
Berkowich, Melvin I.
Berman, Abraham S.
Berman, Frederic T.
Berman, Maurice J.

Bernardini, Jose R.
Berngartt, Elmar B.
Bernhardt, Henry
Bernhardt, William
Berkowitz, Samuel
Berlanstein, Joseph
Berlin, Alvin
Berlin, Jerome
Bernstein, Edwin E.
Bernstein, Joseph C.
Bernstein, Nathan
Berry, M. B.
Berryman, C. H.
Bettigole, Philip
Betts, A. Parran
Beyer, Jane
Bickle, John C.
Bickel, Louis M.
Biggs, John Gregory
Billian, Bernard
Bindok, Edw. J,
Bierley, Roy Murray
Binau, A. M.

Binkley, Leavitt H.
Binstock, Albert
Bishop, Davis N.
Bixler, Richard S.
Black, Frank Linton
Blaine, Edw. L, Jr.
Blankman, Albert J.
Blanquitte, Louis E.
Blatt, Harry F.

Blatt, Thomas H.
Blattstein, Flora
Blechman, Charles
Bleu. Barnett T.
Blitz. Louis
Block, Frank
Block, Jerome
Block, John Fred.
Block, Michael
Block, Samuel
Block, Solomon G.
Bloom, Eli H.

Blum, Abraham
Blum, Joseph Sydney
Blum, M. B,
Blumberg, Eli T.
Blumson, Samuel S.
Bobbitt, Alex M.
Boden, Edwin
Boeder, Leo
Boellner, Otto K., Jr.
Boessel, Martin E.
Boggan, Robt. F.
Bogen, Ellis B.
Boisfeuillet, Frank S.

Bomstein, Solomon
Bonanno, Placido A.
Bondareff, Erwin A.
Bookoff, Morris
Boone, John W. H.
Booth, Wm. H.
Borcherding, Wm. H.
Borenstein, Jack B.
Borland, Hugh Kelly
Bosch, Charlotte T.
Bosch, Noel J.
Bosserman, Charles
Bower, Edwin L.
Bower, Martin R.
Bowers, Wm. W.
Bowie, Allen H.
Bowman, A. E.
Boyce, M. H., Jr.
Boyd, Carville B.
Boyd, George W. F.
Boyd, Wm. Merton
Boyer, Gary H.
Boyer, Ralph Lewis
Bowles. Adam J.
Braden, Wayne Ansel
Bradford, JohnHenry
Bradford, Melville L.
Bradley, Frank H.
Bradley, Theron R.
Bradstock, Alden, Jr.
Brady, Robert Wilson
Bragonier, James
Brahen, Leonard S.
Brambaugh. Benj. B,
Bramble, Henry S.
Bransky, Jos. M.
Bratten, Blanche R.
Bratten, E. H.
Braunstein, I. M.
Bray, Edmond H.
Bray, William M.
Brenner, Joseph
Brenton, Walter
Breslin, Frederick W.
Bress, Jerrold F.
Brickman, Hilliard
Bridges, William S.
Briele, Henry A.
Briggs, P. M,
(colored)

Brickman, Allen G.
Brill, Maurice Erwin
Brill, Michael M.
Brining, Benton
Brinkley, Guy O.
Brinsfield, Wm. S.
Briody, Elizabeth M.

162

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Bristow, Wm. Brooks
Britcher, Frank N.
Broadbelt, J. Edw,
Brodie, Stanley Alan
Brodsky, E. M.

Broe, James A.
Brooks, Florence G.
Brooks, George R.
Brooks, Louis
Browdy, Emanuel
Brown, Chas. Wesley
Brown, David N.
Brown, Douglas W.
Brown, Harold K.
Brown, Joseph K.
Brown, J. W.

Brown, Lewis L., Jr.
Brown, Sidney J.
Brown, Thomas C.
Brownstein, Milton J.
Brune, Richard C.
Brunner, George L.
Brunier, George F.
Brunnett, William L
Bryan, Carroll L.
Budacz, Frank M.
Budacz, P. Thomas
Buchanan, G. Hayes
(colored)

Buck, Robert L.
Buckman, Frank W.
Bunting, George A.
Buppert, Hobart C.
Burgess, Samuel
Burgess, Ella N.
Burke, ^.'awrence A.
Burkholder, Ralph E.
Burnett, Benjamin E.
Burns, Herbert J., Jr.
Burros, Stanton
Burrows, Roscoe T.
Burrows, Dudley A.
Burriss, Morris
Burton, Ed. Thomas
Buschman, W. G.
Butler, F. J.

Butler, Henry Milton
Butler, J. E.

Butler, Maybelle L.

(colored)

Butsch, John L,
Buxton, G. F.

Byers, M. L.

Cahn. Albert M.
Caldwell, Eben S.

Caldwell, John R.
Caldwell, Lee A.
(colored)

Call, Tracey Gillette
Callan, H.

Calmen, Elmon H.
Cameron, Simon H.H.
Campbell, George D.
Campbell, Wm. D.
Cannon, William IN
Cansey, Henry D
Caplan, Bernard S.
Caplan, Milton
Caplan, Clarence Carl
Caplan, Claric(

Caplan, Robert M.
Capone, Guy
Carofano, Edward
Card, Nathan C.
Careney, William F.
Carey, Alford R.
Carey, L. B.

Carleton, Henry L.
Carlin, Henry P.
Carliner, Louis A.
Carliner, Paul E.
Carmel, Joseph
Carney, Harry G.
Carouge, Gilbert M.
Carouge, William, Jr.
Carr, Charles Jelleff
Carroll, J. M.

Carson, James O.
Carson. William C.
Carter, Paul M.
Carter, Russell E,
(colored)

Carton, Frieda
Casey, Patrick Henry
Cassidy, Elizabeth C.
Catlett, Ollie Edwin
Cauffman, Edwin C.
Cavacos, Andrew T.
Cavallaro, Joseph W.
Celler, Maximilian
Celozzi, Matthew J.
Cermak, Bertha M.
Cermak, Jerome J.
Chagnon, Charles E.
Chalk, James A., Sr.
Chance. Albert A.
Chandler. N. W.
Chandler, W. Willard
Chapman, C. B.
Cherricks, Robert V.
Chatkin, Robert

Chavous, Clarence N.
Checcone, Gene L.
Cherry, Bernard
Chertkof, Freida
Chertkoff, Marvin J.
Chick, Stephen
Chidester, Clay C.
Chipley, Albert Lee
Chipley, C. E.
Chislow, Nathan L.
Chodnicki, Marion R.
Christopher, Joseph
Chupnick, David
Citrenbaum, Morris
Claire, S. S.

Claney, William J.
Clapp, Clarence
Clark, Frank Black
Clark, William A.
Clarke, David C.
Clarke, Sister Mary
Carmel

Clarke, Thomas. Jr.
Clarke, William H.
Clay, William H.
Claybaugh, Springer
dayman, David S.
Clayton, Guy W.
Clements, Francis J.
Clements, John Wm.
Cline, Harvey B.
Clyman, Sidney Gary
Coakley, Andrew J.
Cobots, Jeanette
Cockey. Charles
Codd, Francis I.
Coffman, Charles W.
Cohan, Nath. Tolbert
Cohen, Abraham N.
Cohen, Archie R.
Cohen, Benjamin
Cohen, Bernard C.
Cohen, BernaT-d I.
Cohen, Bernard J.
Cohen, Estelle G.
Cohen, Harry C.
Cohen, Harry I.
Cohen. Harry J.
Cohen, Hershel
Cohen, Irvin J.

Cohen, Irving
Cohen, Irving Isadora
Cohen, Isador M.
Cohen. Isidore
Cohen, Joseph
Cohen, Joseph W.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Cohen, Lawrence J.
Cohen, Louis Janies
Cohen, Maurice D.
Cohen, Max Hurston
Cohen, Morton B.
Cohen, Philip
Cohen, Samuel
Cohen, Samuel
Cohen, Samuel C.
Cohen, Samuel H.
Cohn, Alexander
Cohn, Harry R.

Cohn, Melvin
Cohn. Nathan
Colborn, Geo. W., Jr.
Colclough, John J.
Cole, B. Olive
Cole, S. Charles
Coleman, Mary Ann
Coleberg, Carl L.
Coleman, W. S. E.
Collier, George R.
Collier. Levin D.
Collier, Levin D., Jr.
*Collins, Alfred H.
Collins, C. W.

Collins, Clarence E. ■'
Collins, Ernest W.
Colston, Richard J. "
Colucci, Nicholas Jos.
Colvin, Ralph
Combs, Joseph L., Jr.
Comegys. N.

Comer, Bernard V.
Connelly, Mary W.
Conner, Ashley P.
Connor, Edwin A.
Connor, William J.
Conrad. Chas. T., Jr.
Conradi, L. E.
Conroy, T. L.
Conway, George W.
Constantine, Chris G.
Contarsy, Simon
Cook, Prank E.
Cooley, William A.
Cooper, Abraham S.
Cooper, H. H,, Jr.
Cooper, Howard E.
Cooper, James
Cooper, June Craven
Cooper, Morris
Cooper, Samuel J.
(colored)

Copeland, Harry T.
*Decea.sed

Cooper, Nathan N.
Coplin, Louis I.
Corbin, L. Carroll
Corbin, Howard
(colored )

Corbin, James L.
Corkle, Donald B.
Corn, Charles
Cornblatt, Edmond a.
Corrick, Lester S.
Cotlin, Joseph A,
Cottel, Joyce Adair
Cotter, Charles J.
Cousins, Walter H.
Covington, George W.
Cox, George T., Jr.
Cox, Percy P.

Cragg, James P., Jr.
Craig, B. H.

Craig, Charles P.
Craig, L. B.

Crandall, Chas. R.
Crane, Frank T.
Crane, Richard R.
Creamer, John J.
Crispens, Gordon M.
Crispens, Warren E.
Crocamo, Ralph J.
Crofton. Wilbur E.
Cronehardt. J. C.
Cross, John Milton
Crouse. Albert R.
Crowell, Thomas A.
Cummings, Maurice
Crunkleton, Chas. L
Cunzeman, John

LeR., Jr.

Currey, Tracey A.
Currier. Calona Bail
Curtis, Alfred Duane
Custis, Daniel P.
Custis, Harry J., Jr.
*Cwalina, Benj. C.
Cwalina. Gustav E.
Czapiewski, Eugene
CzekaJ. Leo M.

D’Adamo, Pasquale J.
Daily, Louis J. E.
Daily, Martin A.
Daley, Wm. J., Jr.

Dal gar n, Ira N.
Dalinsky, Harry A.
Dalton, John P.
Damico, Samuel
Dammeyer. C. F. W.
Dannettel, Frank E.
Danoff, Abe
Danziger, David Gerd
Daubon, Ramon L.
David, Alphonse S.
David, Irvin
Davidov, Benjamin
Davidov, Hyman
Davidov, Louis
Davidov, Samuel
Davidov, Vivian S.
Davidson, Meyer
Davies, Burton T.
Davis, Adam Jr.
Davis, Alfred L.
Davis, Edwin B.
Davis, George A.
Davis, George A., Jr.
Davis. J. Edward
Davis, Lee H.

Davis, Louis D.

Davis, Paul E., Jr.
Da^is. Rebecca H.

(colored)

Davis, S. S.

Davis, Samuel
Davis. William B.
Dawes, Thorpe T.
Dawson, George R.
Dawson, Harold M.
Dawson, Leroy 0.
Day, Harold Lewis
Dayton. LeRoy E.
Dean, Cloyd Charles
Deans, John
Debnam, George R.
DeBoy, John Michael
Debus, Albert
Dechter, Gerald Y.
Deems, John T., Jr.
DeGele, George Oscar
DeJulio, Luigi
Delcher, C. Rodgers
Delgado, Frank A.

Del Vecchio. Prank
Demarest, Dudley A.
Demarest. H. W.
Dembeck, Bernard, Jr
Dembeck, Walter D.
Dembiec, Walter J.
Dembo, Julius L.
Denhard, Frederick

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

164

Denhard, Fred
Denny, Lucy J.

Dent, F. J.

De Reeves, A. Eugene
Derickson, L. L., Jr.
Derr, Samuel
Derry, Harold T.
Dettlebach, Leon
Devan, William
Dewing, Arthur A. M.
Dickerson, Enoch W.
(colored)

Dickinson, E. Newton
Dickinson, Harvey J.
Dickinson, James A.
Dickinson, William B.
Dickman, Arnold L.
Dickman, Hyman
Dickman, L. H.
Dickson, I. C.

Diener, Nelson G.
Diener, Samuel
Dietel, Hermon, Jr.
Dietrich, F. A.
Diering, W. L.
DiGiovine, John J.
DiGristine, Mary R.
Dinges, Frank C., Jr.
Dittrich, Theodore T.
Dobson, H. Clay, Jr.
Dobropolski, A. J.
Dodd, Wm. Anthony
Dodson, C. M.
Dodson, Garland C.
♦Dohme, Charles L.
Dolgin, Daniel
Domsky, Bessie
Donahoe, Walter

J. A.

Donaldson, John B.
Donato, Vincent F.
*Donnet, John S.
Donnet, John
Donohue, Frank J.
Doren, Gerald S.
Dorsch, Joseph U.
Dorsey, Frank
Doty, Elmer C.

Doty, Willard A.

Dou, A. M.
Doughrety, John

H., Jr.

Douglas, J. Edward
Douglass, Dolores Z.

(colored)

Dow, Harry

•Deceased.

Downes, C. E.

Downs, Grant, Jr.
Downes, Samuel B.
Downey, Fred. W.
Downs. B. E.

Downs, C. D.

Doyle, John P.
Drapkin, Leon I.
Drennen, James H.
Driskill, R. Hayes
Drukman, Herman B.
Dudley, F. E., Jr.
Dudley, James W.
Dreyer, Frederick, Jr.
Driscoll, Raymond F.
DuBois, Norman
Duda, Walter J.
Dudley, Helen S.
Dudley, N. S.

Dudley, S. C.
Dudrow, Ralph C.
Duffey, Roger Wm.
Duffy, Arthur L.
Duffy, William T.
Dugan, Frederick P.
Dugan, Walter C.
Dukes, L. Reyner
Dull, Joseph E.
DuGoff, Albert M.
Dunbar, Ruth
Duncan, Chester A.
Dunker, Melvin F. W.
Dunn, Charles G.
Dunning, H. A. B.
Durding, Anna T.
Durding, B. T.
Durding, I. B.
Dvorak, Geo. James
Dyott, William H.

Eagle, Philip T.
Eakle, Roy S
Earhart, J. H. F.
Earle, Franklin W.
Eason, Frederick B
Eberhardt, L. G.

Eby, William Henry
Eckhardt, Henry
Edelstein, J. Horace
Edenfield, Charles H.
Edlavitch, Sam
Edmonds, Edmund H.
Edmunds, Irland
Edwards, Paul H.
Edwards, Victor R.
Edwards, William F.

Edwards, W. K.
Edwards. Stanley E.
Efros, Ida
Eger, W. M.

Eger, William H., Jr.
Ehudin, Herbert
Eichberg, Daniel M.
Eichelberger, H. L.
Eichelberger, M. F.
Eichert, Herbert
Eidelman, Nathan
Einbinder, Sylvan P.
Eise, Arthur H.

Eisen, Martin D.
Eisenberg, Edwin F.
Eisenberg, Harry H.
Eisenberg, Louis
Eisman, Morris J.
Elderdice, W. J.
Eldridge, Arthur C.
Eldridge, Warren P.
Eldredge, William P.
Elgin, Arthur G.
Elizondo, Cesar M.
Ellerin, Albert A.
Elliott, Mrs. C. V.
Elliott, T. C.

Ellis, Lawrence Cash
Blsberg, Milton L.
Emig, C. M.

Emery, Roy Fred
Emory, Thomas B.
Endo, Kikuo R.
Englander, C. W.
Enten, Harry
Epley, William
Ernst, Myrle P.

Ervin, J. r>alla8
Essers, C. W. A.
Estwick, Bertram M.
(colored)

Etchinson, Garrett W
Esslinger, Edwin W.
Esslinger, Richard I.
Esslinger, Robert R.
Etzler, S. Alvin
Eubanks, John V.
Evald, Gunnar N. G.
Evans, Frank Barton
Evans, W. J.

Evans, W. Roland
Evans, M. J.

Ewell, A. Webster
Ewell, O. B. B.

Exler, Samuel H.
Eybs, Earl Francis
Eyler, Maurice E.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

165

Fadgen, Michael J.
Fahrney, Frederick

Fahrney, G. Fred
Fainberg, Alvin Jay
Fainberg, Edward
Fairey, Edison A.
Falck, James Stanley
Farrow, Charles K.
Farrow, J. Harry
Faulkner, Ellis E.
Fedder, Donald O.
Fedder, Eli
Federman, R. H.
Fehler, Alfred
Fehsenfeld. H. W.
Feingold, Charles
Feinstein, Bernard S.
Feinstein, Isadore
Feit, Leon

Feldman, Charles W.
Feldman, David
Feldman, Herbert
Feldman. Jack
Feldman. Leon H.
Feldman, Milton H.
Feldman, Morris
Felicetti, Dominic
Felts, Robert L.
Fennell, Theresa I.

(colored)

Feret, Julius W.
Ferguson, F. P.
Ferguson, Lebrow W
Ferrante, D. A.
Fernsner, L. G.
Ferrin, Victor W.
Fertick, Albert A.
Fibus, David
Fields, Thomas E. R
Fields, W. C.

Fiery, Frank P.

Fiery, Max J.

Fine, Morris A.
Fineman, Bill L.
Fineman, Elliott Lee
Fineman. Jerome
Fink, Ellwood
Fink, Francis T.
Fink, Fred G. W.
Fink, Irvin
Fink, James A.
Finkelstein. Karl H.
Finney. Harriet Bell
Firnbacher, Fred S.

Fishbein, William
Fisher, O. H. (col.)
Fischer, I. M., Jr.
Fischer, E. Hamilton
Fisher, Arthur
Fisher, Delphia F. Jr.
Fisher, Edward H.
Fisher, Joel N.

Fisher, Michael A.
Fisher, Philip E.
Fitez, George R.
Fitzgerald, John L.
Fitzsimmons, M. J.
Fitzsimmons,

Sister Agnes
Flaybart, Walter F.
Fleisher, Harry
Flescher, Julius
Fletcher, J. Paul
Flom. Carl Joseph
Flom. Charles
Flom. Isaac
Flom, Sidney Herbert
Floyd. Melvin L.
Foer. Robert
Foerster, Fred
Fogg, Frank Emil
Folckemmer, C. W.
Foley, Wm. Thomas
Folus. Irvin H.

Fonke. F. W.

Foose. Wilbur C.
Ford, Robert Stewart
Ford, Samuel W,
Forien, William F,
Forman. Robert R.
Forrest. Charles W.
Forsyth, Allan R.
Forsyth. James H. Jr.
Forsythe. Dr. Hugh
Foster. Carroll P.
Foster Russel C.
Fountain. Bernard L.
Fountain. Harold J.
Foust, John C.
Fowler. Esther Ellen
(colored )

Fowler. Ruth Marie
r colored )

Fox, Marshall H.

Fox, Samuel
Fox, Samuel L.

Fox, Will N.

Foxman, Marvin Jay
Fraase, Erwin E.
Frailey, Carson P.
Frailey, William A,

Frame, Tom L.
Frames, John H.
Frampton, L. N.
Francik, Joseph
Frank, Milton M.
Frankie, Harold N.
Franklin, Eugene H,
(colored)

Franklin, 1. Y.
Franks, Dolores
Franzoni, F. R. Jr.
Fraser, Stanley F.
Frazer, Robert B.
Frazier, L. G.

Freed, Israel
Freed, Mayer N.
Freedman. Leonard
Freedom, A. G.
Freedman, Albert
Freedman, Hannah
Freedman, Max
Freeman, Emanuel

Freeman, Maysville J.
Freeman. W. Perry
Freeman. W. St. J.
Freidson, Morris
Freiman. Harry H.
Freiman, Paul
Freiman, Joseph
Freitag, H. Homer
French. Wm. Henry
Frentz. Herman N.
Frey. Lewis Leslie
Fribiish. Robert
Fribush. Sidney
Fried, Burton
Friedmann, Aaron J.
Friedman, Albert
Friedman, Albert J.
Friedman, Arnold M.
Friedman, Charles S
Friedman, Gilbert I.
Friedman, Herbert
Friedman. Howard
Friedman, Irvin
Friedman. Jerome S.
Friedman. Milton A.
Friedman, Nathan
Friedman, Nathan J.
Frierson, Ethan O.
Friedson, Morris
Friesen, Irvin A.
Frohman. Isaac
Frontera, Victoria R.
Frye. Wordley D.

166

The M A RY L Al^ D PHARMACIST

Fuqua, Robert S.
Fuld, Manes F,
Fuller, Albert Irwin
Fulmer. Verne R.
Fulton, David H.
Purbee, Arza
Puteral, Nathaniel
Futrovsky, Charles

Gaber, Jerome
Gaboff, Benjamin
Gadol, Ellis
Gagne, Joseph
Gaine, Jerome
Gakenheimer,

Albert C

Gakenheimer, H. E.
Gakenheimer, W. C.
Gallagher, Chas. T.
Galloway, Louis E.
Galley. Roland P.
Galperin, Irving O.
Galt, Jennie E.

Gann, Jack
Ganter, Chas. J. H.
Garache, Joseph J.
Garden, J. Harry
Gardner, C. W,
Gardner, Michael F.
Gardnier, Robert H
Garfinkel, Meyer
Garner, Elliott Quinn
Garner, Sister Mary
Florence

Garrison, Frederic
Garrott, E. Mortimer
Gates, Earl A.

(colored)

Gass, Chas. B.

Gaver, Herman S.
Gaver, Paul G.
Gawthrop, Alfred J.
Gearhart, James H.
Geber, Isidor J.
Geesey, Alton Luther
Gehring, Otto
Geiger, Edward B.
Geiger, George B.
Geist, Gene N.

Gelb, Edward
Gellman, Paul
Gelrud, Jack
Gendason, Harry B.
Gendason, Morris

•Deceased

Geoghegan, J. R., Jr
George, Theodore
Gerlach, Alexander
German, J. W.
Gerstein, Charles
Geser, Alvin N.

Getka, Joseph F.
Getka, Milton Stanley
Gettleman, Harry
Getz, David B.
Giampietro, Vincent
Gibb, Thomas Edward
Gibbs, Hiram H.
Gibbs, Jocelyn L.

(colored)

Giffen, Robert C.
Gilbert, Theodore
Gilbertson, K, G.
Gildea, William J.
Giles, Emily Julia
Gilkeson, J. G.

Giller, Morris
Gillespir, Julian M.
Ginaitis, A. S.
Ginsberg, Samuel H.
Ginsberg, Benjamin
Gin- burg, B. H.
Gissel, Elmer Andrew
Gitomer, Betty
Gitomer, David J.
Gitomer, Louis
Gladstone, Charles F.
Glaeser, Henry J., Jr.
Glantz, Prank A,
Glascock, Arthur B.
Glaser, Abraham E.
Glaser, Louis Lester
Glass, Abraham L.
Glass, Julius Albert
Glass, Louis J.
Glassner, Frank
Gleiman, Irvin J.
Gleiman. Theodore
Glenn, William A.
Glenn, Matthew
Glennan. Harry E.
Glick, Harry
Glickman, Shirley M.
Glover. Douglas
Gluck, Julius
Gluckstern, W. H.
Glushakow, Jacob
Goashgarian, Karekin
Goden, Stanley
Godfrey, John
Goldberg, Alvin
Goldberg, Harry Joel

Goldberg, Irving
Goldberg, Jack
Golberg, Marvin B.
Goldberg, Milton
Goldberg, Victor
Golden, Leon E.
Goldfeder, Harold M.
Goldin, Harold H.
Golditch, Henry M.
Goldman, Abram
Goldman. Harold K.
Goldman, Louis C.
Goldsmith, A. R.
Goldsmith, Chester L.
Goldsmith, Fred E.
Goldsmith, Meyer
Goldstein, Albert
Goldstein, Burton J.
Goldstein, Hyman
Goldstein, Isadore A.
Goldstein, Jack
Goldstein, Leon E.
Goldstein, Paul L.
Goldstein, Sam Alvin
Goldstein, Samuel W.
Goldstone, Herbert N.
Goodman, Daniel
Goodman, Howard
Goodman, Irvin
Goodman. Jerome E.
Goodman, Julius H.
Goodman, Leon
Goodman, Sylvan C.
Goodwill, Frank
Goran, Isadore
Gorban, Thomas
Gordon, Charles
Gordon, Joseph
Gordon, Jack B.
Gordon, Samuel
Gorfine, Bernard M.
Gordy, Howard Lee
Gottdiener, Elvin E.
Gottlieb, Davi-d M.
Gould, Clarendon L.
Gould. William M.
Gower. Earl F.. Jr.
Grafius, Melba A.
Graham, Clarence D.
Graham, John A.
Graham, Joseph F.
Graham, Karl H.
Grant, Lawrence B.
Grant, Russell
Grau, Frank J.
*Grau, George P,

The M ARY L A2i D PHARMACIST

167

Gray, James Herbert
Greco, Betty Jane H.
Greco, Salvatore J.
Green, Lyttleton S.
Greenawalt, Wm. G.
Greenberg, Albert G.
Greenberg, Bertram
Greenberg, Harry
Greenberg, Harry L.
Greenberg, Harvey
Greenberg, Joseph
Greenberg, Leon
Greenberg, Paul R.
Greenberg, S. W.
Greenblatt, Max
Greene, Benjamin A.
(colored)

Greene, Morton A.
Greenfeld, Jacob H.
Greenfield, Charles
Greenlee, G. B. Jr.

(colored)
Greenspan, Louis
Greif, Daniel
Greif, Julius
Gresser. Isidor H.
Griesmer, Lloyd P.
Griffith, A. W.
Griffith. Joseph L.
Gregg, Thos. D.
Gregorek, Frank J.
Griggs, Walter G.
Grimm, Allen Orville
Groff, F. B.

Grogan, Francis A.
Grollman, Ellis
Grollman, Jaye J.
Gronert, Warren A.
Gross. Joseph B.
Gross, William
Grossman, Benj. B.
Grote, Francis J.
Grothaus, David B.Jr.
Grove, Donald Cooper
Grubb. John E.
Grubbs, L. R.

Gruz, Nathan I.

Guild. Cecil E.
Gullett. David E. P,
Gumenick, Leonard
Gumm, Wilbur H., Jr.
Gump, Lyndon J.
Gunby, Martin P.
Gunn, John Jay
Gunsallus. Jack Wm.
Gutman, Isaac

Guy, John P.

Gwinn, Charles N.

Haack, Clifford W.
Haase, Frederick R.
Haase, John Henry
Haberstroh, A. R.
Hack, Morris B.
Hackett, Angela, Rose
Hackett, Emma
Hadjey, Tom R.
Haelbig, Franz L. A.
Hafelfinger, Fred. T.
Hagan, Frank C., Jr.
Hagan, John C.
(colored)

Hager. Geo. P., Jr.
Haith, J. W., Jr. (col.)
Hall, Edward T.

Hall, Frederick R.
Hall, Orlando G.

Hall, R. E. L.

Hall, William Walker
Haller. Harry N.
Halpern, Samuel M.
Hambark. Clifford I.
Hamberg, S. T.
Hamer, Marion S.
Hamill, James J.
Hamlin, K. E., Jr.
Hammer, Howell I.
Hammar, Vincent Coy
Hancock, Frank A.
Hancock, Herman F.
Handelman, Louis
Hankey. Lewis Carl
Hanks. C. Wm.
Hanks, C. W., Jr.
Hanna. William M.
Hansen, Herbert O.
Hansen. Herman F.
Hantman. Harry H.
Hantman, Irvin
Haransky. David J.
Harbaugh, Arthur C.
Harding. Albert W.
Hardy. Henry C.
(colored )

Hare, Cliffard A., Jr.
Hargis, William J.
Harner, Joseph W.
Harman, George B.
Harman, Rice B.
Harman, Richard T.

Harmatz, Irving J.
Harmon, Carl M.
Harmanson, F. J.
Harnish, Robt. A., Sr.
Harper, Henry M.
Harper, William S.
Harris, Aaron
Harris, Morris
Harris, William S.
Harrison, Alice Emily
Harrison, John W.
Harrison, Harry S.
Harrison, Philip W.
Harrison, William S.
Harrison, S. A. D.
Harrod, Howard M.
Hart, Jeremiah A.
Hart, Joseph
Hartka, Andrew J.
Hasenbalg, Ernest
Haskell, Marian
Haugh, J. A.

Hayes, Horace B.
Hayes, W. A., Jr.
Hayes, William B.
Haymaker, Frank B.
Hayman, Albin A.
Haynes, Marvin C.
Hayward, Luther B.
Head, Wm. H. Jr.
Healy, Nathan S.
Heaps, Sprole W.
Heard, J. Mercer
Heck, Andrew
Heck, Leroy Savin
Hecker. David
Hecker, N. R.

Heer, Melvin L.

Heer, Wilmer J.

Hein, Henry F.
Heinritz, June R.
Helgert, Ernest
Heller. Lawrence G.
Heller. William M.
Helm. Emory G.
Helman, Max M.
Helmsen, Charles J.
Helmsen. Edward A.
Hempel, J. Frederick
Hendelberg, Isidore J.
Henderson, Ed, H.
Henderson, M. W.
Henderson, James A.
Henderson, U. K,, Jr.
Hendin. Walter
Henderson, Chas. W.

168

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Heneson, Henry
Heneson, Irving J.
Henkel, Louis B., Jr.
Henning, Emil
Henry, Emmanuel
Henry, Frederick L.
Henry, Joseph E.
Henry, Ralph A.
Henry, Robert J.
Hens, Leonard Louis
Hergenrather, Louis,
3rd

Heritage, Harold G.
Herold, Francis X.
Herman, H. Guy
Hermon, David
Herr, John
Herron, Charles S.
Hershner, John F.
Herskowetz, Clara D.
Herter, Arthur C.
Hertz, Selig S.
Hertzlich, Abraham
Hertzlich, Leonard
Hess, Nicholas A.
Hettleman, Milton L.
Hewing, Ada C.
Heyman, Bernice
Hickey, W. Hampton
Higger, Samuel F.
Higgins, Joseph C.
Higgon, Ellery E.
Highfield, Wm. Henry
Highkin, Sidney
Highstein, Benjamin
Highstein, Gustav
Hihn, John B., Jr.
Highkin, Manuel K.
Hileman, Emmet A.
Hill, Eric B.

Hill, H. Phillip, Jr.
Hill, William Caulk
Hill, William David
Hilliard, Milton E.
Hillman, Abraham S.
Hillman, Gilbert
Hillman, Milton L.
Hinton, Murray S.
Hirschowitz, R. J.
Hitch, Norman R.
Hixon, W. D.
Hobensack, J. W.
Hocking, Harold J.
Hodge, William R.
•Deceased

Hodson, E. W.
Hoffeld, Henry Wm
Hoffman, Asher
Hoffman, Harry
Hoffman, Harry L.
Hoffman, Howard
Hoffman, Sylvan A.
Hoke, W. A. B.
Holden, J. Frederick
Holen, Mitzie M.
Holland, J. Thomas
Hollander, Sidney
Hollander, Sol
Holliday, Thomas D
Hollingsworth, Jos.
Holmes, Everett J.
Holthaus, Robert W.
Homberg, Henry I.
Honkofsky, Jerome
Hood, Claude Black
Hoover, Lee F.
Hopkins, Carville B.
Hopkins, Charles H.
Hopkins, Donald
Hopkins, Harry B.
Hopkins, Howard C.
Hopkins, Murrav L.
Horine, A. G.

Horine, Amos M.
Horn, Byron R.

Horn, Philip C.
Horne, Peyton N.
Hornung, Herman G
Horwitz, Isadoie
Housekeeper, P B.
Houser, Jacob W.
Houston, R. Emmit
Howard, Henrj
Howard, S. B.
Howell, John F.

Hoy, Robert G.
Huddleston, Rr.y C.
Hudgins, J, C.

Hudon, Joseph C. A.
Hudson, Hugh E.
Huffman, Rufus M.
Hughes, Thomas S.
Hughes. Walter C.
Hughes, W. M.

Hulla, Joseph f.
Hulshoff, William J.
Hunt, Wm. H.
Hunter, Calvin L.
Hurd, George W.
Hurwltz, Abraham B.

Huston, Chas, Reese
Hutchinson, Wm J.
Hutto, George F.
Hyde, Harry C.
Hyman, Paul

Ichniowski, Wn?. M,
Ijams, P. A.

Imber, Doris
Inghram, Fred. A..
Irizarry, Ramon L.
Irwin, James F
Irwin John P.
Isaacson, Charles
Isert, Charles H.
Itzoe, Andrew J.

Jackson, Charles C.
Jackson, Clifford P,
Jackson, John E.
Jackson, Marvin M.
Jackson, Walter V.
Jackson, William

B., Jr.

Jackson, William J.
Jacobs, Corinne H.
Jacobs, Eugene
Jacobs, Harry
Jacobs, Louis
Jacobs, Warren H.
(colored)

Jacobson, Lawrence
Jacobson,. Samuel M.
Jamieson. Joseph D.
Jamlnez, Lino J.
Jankiewicz, Alfred M.
Jankiewicz, Prank J.
Janousky, Nathan B.
*Januszeski, Anna M.
.Tanuszeski, F. J.
Japko, Albert M.
Jarosik, Emil, Jr.
Jarowski, Charles
Jarrett, W. R.

Jarvis, Harry C.
Jaslow, Morris M.
Jenkins, Edward
Jenkins, Milton O.
(colored)

Jenkins, Arthur P.
Jeppi, Elizabeth V.
Jeppi, Samuel Patrick

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

nu)

Jernigan, John M. Jr.
Jernigan, Lane M.
Jester, J. Willard
Jester, Wilfred R.
Joffe, Albert
Johnson, Calvin E.
(colored)

Johnson, Ernest Irvin
(colored)

Johnson, Henry J.
Johnson, J. Hartley
Johnson, James Edw.

(colored)

Johnson, James

W., Ill

Johnson, James E.
Johnson, Jerome H.
Johnson, Jos. L.
Johnson, Jos. L. Jr.
Johnson. Norman M.
Johnson, Orton A.
Johnson, Otis LeRoy
Johnson, Paul C.
Johnson, Ralph S.
Johnson, Warren L.
Johnson, Wm. Ray
Johnston, George
Johnston, Rosella R
Jones, Amos A.

Jones, Arthur Wm.
Jones, Briggs C.
Jones, Charles E.
Jones, C. Frank
Jones, Cyrus F.

Jones, Garrett S.
Jones, George A.
Jones, Harry Patton
Jones, Henry Alvan
Jones, H. Pryor
Jones, Howard B,
Jones, James A.
Jones, James E.
Jones, John Paul
Jones. Jos. Webster
Jones, N. Howard
Jones, Paul
Jones. Philip W.
Jones, Pius H.

Jones, William B.
Jones, W. Franklin
Jongeward, Mathias
Jordan, Charles D,
♦Jordan, W. Everett
Joseph, J. Gilbert

♦Deceased

Joseph, LaRue V.
Joyce, Clarence G.
Judy, Francis L. G.
Judy, John N.

Jules, Bernard Chas
Jung, J. G.

Kahn, Leon J.

Kahn, Maurice
Kahn, Morton
Kahn, Reuben
Kairis, Eleanor M.
Kairis, John Joseph
Kairis, Nancy Emily
Kaiser, Carl Arwid
Kaiser, Joseph A.
Kalb, Francis P.
iralkreuth, Clyde N
i allins, Edward S.
i'amanitz, Irvin L.
r- amenetz, Irvin
Kaminkow, Joseph
Kaminski, Felix H.
Kammer, D. A.
Kammer, Wm. H.
Kandel, Leonard B.
Kane, Joseph D.
Kantner, Leahmer M.
Kantorow, Gerald S.
♦Kaplan, Sigmund
Kappelman, LeRoy F
Karasik, William
Karlin, David
Karmann, George
Karn, Philip R.
Karns, Harold T.
Karns, Hugh H.
Karpa, Isador
Karpa, Jerome J.
Karpa, Maurice
Karr, William S.
Karwacki, S. V.
Karwacki, Frank W.
Kaslk, Frank T., Jr.
Kasten, C. F.

Kaslen, Karl H.
Katcoff, Harold
Katz, BenJ. R.

Katz, Ely Sydney
Katz, Gabriel Elliott
Katz, Herbert A.
Katz, Joseph
Katz, Morton
Katz, Morton H.
Katzofif, Isaac

Kaufman, Marion E.
Kaufman, Frank A.
Kaufman, Stanley L.
Kaylus, Albert G.
Keagle, LeRoy Curtis
Kearfott, Clarence P.
Keehner, Raymond
Keech, Robert P.
Keenan, J. T. J.
♦Keener, C. Franklin
Kehr, Erney C.
Keiter, Richard D.
Kellam, R. A.

Keller, Arvilla M.
Kelley, Gordon Wm.
Kelley, Guy C.
Kellough, Chas. Irvin
Kellough, E. R., Jr.
Kellough. George W.
♦Kelly, Bernard V.
Kelly Charles W.
Kelly, George Benner
Kelly, George L. M.
Kelly, Liquori J.
Kelly, Robert J.
Kelly, Thomas J.
Kelly, Thos. J.

Kelly, M. P.

Kemble, Wm, Wayne
Kemp, Blanche L.
Kenley, W. E.
Kenner, Edwin A.
Kennard, James B.
Kenyon, George
♦Kermisch, Albert
Kern, Joseph
Kerpelman, Howard
Kerpelman, Isaac
Kerr, Thomas H.
Kerr, C. Raymond
Kershaw, Harry
Kesmodel, Chas. R.
Kessler, Morris L.
Kexe*!, LeRoy E.
Keyser, W. C. H., Jr.
Kiefer, John W.
Kiefer, Ralph S.
Klimen. Samuel E.
Kilner, E. A.

Kimzey. Kritz J.
King, G°rald
King, Samuel J.

King, Melvin Leroy
King, William H.
King, W. P. M.
Kinnamon. Harry A.
Kinsey, Raymond D.

The M ARY L A2^ D PHARMACIST

Kirk, Catherine E.
Kirsen, Abraham
Kirson, A. Robert
Kirson, Jerome
Kirson, Walter
Kistner, Carl
Kitchin, W. Yager
Kitt, Melvin G.
Klavens, Elmer
Klavens, Sidney R.
Kleczynski, T. C.
Klein, Benjamin F.
Klein, Solomon
Klepfish, Milton A.
Klimen, Samuel E.
Kline, Bernard B.
Kline, Sidney
Kling, Herman M.
Klingaman, Claude R.
Klingelhofer, F. W.
Klotzman, Alfred
Klotzman, Robert H.
Knecht, Frederick
Knepper. Francis C.
Knorr, E. A.

Knowles, F. E.

Kobin, Benjamin
Kochert, Ernest P.
Koehlert, W. H.
Koenig, Frederick W.
Kogelschatz, J. W.
Kokoski, Chas. J.
Kohlhepp, Geo. A., Ji
Kokoski, Robert J.
Kolb, George
Kolker, Frank Milton
Koldewey, T, W.
Koller, Elmer C., Jr.
Kolman, Lester N.
Kolman, M. Alfred
Kolman, Minnie F.
Konicov, Monte
Koons, George S.
Koon, Charles L.
Koplin, Arthur
Kerb, Katherine
Kosakowski, C. G.
Kouzel, Howard
Krakower, Jacob
Krall, Joseph
Kram, W. P.

Kremer, Beryle Philip
Kramer, Bernard
♦Kramer, Charles
Kramer, Edith A.

♦Deceased

Kramer, Jack Louis
Kramer, Leonard H.
Kramer, Morris
Kramer, Morton D.
Kramer, Samuel E.
Kramer, Stanley H.
Kramer, Max T.
Krantz, John C., Jr.
Kratz, Prank P., Ill
Kratz, Walter E.
Kraus, Louis Henry
Kraus, Louis H., Jr.
Kreamer, FrederickL.
Kreis, Edna E.

Kreis, George J.
Kreis, Geo. Jos., Jr.
Krieger, Benjamain
Krieger, Max A.
Kriger, Benj. Arthur
Kronenberg, Chas. H.
Kronthal, Jacob L.
Kroopnick, Frieda R.
Kroopnick, G. D.
Kroopnick, Jennie
Kubiak, Dolores Z.
Krucoff, Maxwell A.
Krupnick, Ellis G.
Krusniewski, B. A.
Kuhn, Mark Joseph
Kupfer, Alexander
Kurland Louis J.
Kursvietis, A. J.
Kushner, Meyer G.

Lachman, Bernard B.
Lachman, Marvin M.
La Course, Anthony
LaFrance, F. A.
Laken, Benjamin B.
Lamb, Lewis Joseph
Lambdin, E. C., Jr.
Lambert, Paul W.
Lambrecht, F. A.
Lanahan, Wm. A.
Landau, Morris
Landon, J. A.

Lane, Edward M.
Laney, Charles O.
Lang, Louis William
Lang, Nicholas I.
Lang, W. F. C.
Lange, Walter
Langer, Charles
Langdon, Prank P.

Langston, Jeffie G.
Lapin, Alfred R.
Lapin, Bernard J.
Laroque, E. J.
Laroque, L. R.
Lassahn, Norbert G.
Lassiter, John H.
Larrabee, Chas. Wm.
Lathroum, Leo B.
Lathroum, Leo B. Jr.
Lathroum, R. T.
Lauer, M. J.

Laufe, Harold A.
Laughlin, B. Frank
Laur, John J.

Lassiter, John H.
(colored)

Lautenbach, Ferd.
Lavin, Bernard
Lavin, Sol
Lawless, John A.
Lawson, Alfred Munk
Lawson, Arnold
Lawson, Wilbert B.
Layden, William
Lazarus, Leon Julius
Lazzaro, Samuel F.
Leatherman, A. G.
Leatherman, A. G.,Jr.
Leavey, Herbert J.
LeBlanc, Theodore
Leboff, Solomon
Lebowitz, Harry
Lebson, David
Lebson, Hyman
Ledbetter, E. DeB.
Lee, Carroll B.

(colored)

Lee, Claud D.

Lee, George Ernest
(colored)

Leeds, Harry F.

Leef, James Alnutt
Leffler, W. H.
LeGates, Ethel
Lehnert, Ernest C.
Lehr, Clarence G.
Lehr, Harry Gluck
Lehr, Robert H.
Leibowitz, Benjamin
Leibowitz, Louis
Leiderman, S. E.
Leise, David
Leites, Blanche
Lemke, George

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

111

Lemler, Abraham A.
Lemler, Stephen M.
Lemmert, James E.
Lenz, William
Leonard, Helen A.
Leonard, Russell D.
Leonhardt, Carl O.
Leonhardt, Oscar F.
Lerman, Philip H.
Lerner, Sidney 1.
Levenson, Julius V.
Levi, Ernest
Levicka, Vincent C.
Levie, Edward Joseph
Levier, Oscar H.
Levin, Benjamin
Levin, Benjamin S.
Levin, Bernard
Levin, Bernard
Levin, David
Levin, Evelyn Shirley
Levin, Harold Joseph
Levin, Harold Paul
Levin, Harry
Levin, Haskell
Levin, Israel
Levin, Jacob Benny
Levin, Joseph L.
Levin, Leon Phillip
Levin, Max
Levin, Morton
Levin, Nathan
Levin, Norman
Levin, Norman Jack
Levin, Philip
Levin, Richard L.
Levin, Sam Barry
Levin, Stanley W.
Levin, Theodore
Levine, Jay E.

Levine, Lester
Levine, Milton
Levine. Morris
Levinson, Henry
Levinson, Paul
Levy, Abraham M.
Levy, Bernard
Levy, David A.

Levy, Donald
Levy, Frank F.

Levy, Irving
Levy, M. Zachary
Levy, Walter von S.
Lewis, F. Harold
Lewis, Harry C.
Lewis, T. B., Jr.

Leyko, Gregory W. A.
Libowitz, Aaron M.
Lichtenstein, Ivan I.
Lichtenstein Harold
Lichter, George
Lichter, Ravmond
Lichtman, Harry S.
Lieb, Frank J.
Lieberman, L. L.
Lightner, Earl H.
Liken, Russell B.
Lillich, B. Allen

Linahan, Charles
Lindenbaum, Albert
Lindenbaum, Louis
Lindenbaum, Morris
Linderberger, John E.
Linsineier, Joseph C.
Lippold, Frank
Lipskey, Joseph
Lipsky, Harold H.
Lipsky, Irvin N.

Liptz, Alvin E.

Lisk, D. Clyde
Liss, Nathan Isaic
Lister, Charlotte Z.
Litman, Albert
Little, Robert S.
Little, W. R.

Litvin, Sidney B.
Lloyd, C. C.

Lloyd, F. J.

Lloyd, W. H.

Loftus, John
Lombard, Nicholas T.
Lohmeyer, Lloyd W.
London, Samuel
Looney, Ernest W.
Lotterer, Robert A.
Lotz, Emma Grace
Lovell, Herbert E.
Lowe, Carroll A.
Lowry, Raymond J.
Lowry, William John
Lubin Raymond A.
Lucas, Alfred W,
Lucas, Mary C.

Lucas, Samuel M.
Luck, Charles A.
Luck William M,
Ludwig, Andrew F.
Luke, Harry L.

Lum, Max Robert
Lupin, Irwin Morton
Lusby, Gretchen M,

Lusco, S. Vincent
Lutz, John G.

Lutz, Robert E.
Lutzky, Joseph
Lyden, Edward E., Jr.
Lyle, W. L.

Lykos, Nicholas C.
Lynn, Norman Bruce
Lyon, Andrew T.
Lyon, Geo. Taylor
Lyon, James H.
Lyons, Elmer C.

MacGillvary, Gordon
Macek, Frank J.
Macek, Walter P.
Maciulla, James Louis
Mackowiak, S. C.
Macks, Ben Harold
Maczis, William J.
Magid, Louis
Maginnis, William S.
Maggio, A. J., Jr.
Magiros, John Geo.
Main, Clinton E.
Maisenholder, E. C.
Malanowski, B. C.
Malick, Richard W.
Malone, Wm. W.
Manchey, L. Lavan
Mandel, Howard E.
Mandrow, Mary Anna
Manheimer, R. B.
Mankin, G. T.

Mann, Ruffin N.
Mantley, Frank B.
(colored)

Marciniak, Edw. S.
Marcus. Max
Marek, Anton Charles
Margolis, Isidore
Marinelli, Carroll P.
Markin, Edward A.
Markin, Samuel
Markley, Edward B.
Marks, Sidney I.
Marley, Benj. C., Jr.
Marmor, Joseph P.
Marsh. Jack C.
Marshall, Barbara T.
Marshall, Charles M.
Marshall, S. Fred
Marshall, Sylvester K.
Martello, Herbert A.

The M A RY L Alsl D PHARMACIST

Marten, George L.
Martin, Alfred Leroy
Martin, Frank G.
Martin, Lester Ross
Martin, Harry C.
Martin, Robert J.
Martinez, Nellie E. S.
Mary, Nolasco
Maser, Louis
Maseth, Earle George
Maseth, William E.
Mashkes, Morris
Mask, Jerome
Mason, John T.
Massell, Aaron A.
Massing, David
Massing, E. Wolfe
Matelis, Olga P.
Mathews, H. Spencer
Mathews, Emory H.
Matta, Joseph Edw.
Matthews, Vincent S.
Matthews, Vincent W.
Mattingly, Daniel J.
Mattocks, A. McL. Jr.
Mattox, William M.
May, Howard J.
Mayberry, Edgar B.
Mayer, J. L.

Mayer, Alexander M.
Mayer, Maurice V.
Mazer, Harold H.
McAllister, Benjamin
McAllister, Benj., Jr.
McDougall, Bernard
C.

McAvoy, Michael J.
McCagh, Edward T.
McCagh, F. L., Jr.
McCall, George B.
McCambridge, Joseph
McCann, Thos. J., Jr.
McCann, Walter I.
McCarthy, John L.
McCartney, Frank L.
McCauley, Wm. F.
McClerry, Claud R.
McClure, William E.
McCohn, Sister
McComas, J. R., Jr.
McConnell, Dufferin
McCormick, Chas. E.
McCormick, G. C.
McCoy, J. K., Jr.
McDonald, C. L.
McDougall, Bernard

•Dpceased

McDonnell, Patrick J.
McDuffie, George E.
McElwee, Ross S.
McGarry, Charles E.
McGinn, Henry P.
McGinity, F. Rowland
McGraw, E. J.
McGuire, Thomas H.
Mclndoe, John G.
McKellip, John
McKenzie, H. C.
McKew, Thomas H.
McKinley, James

D., Jr.

McKirgan, John L.
McKirney, Wm. M.
McKnight, Vernon H.
McLarty, Geo. C., Jr.
McLean, I. William
McMahon, Michael J.
McMichael, James E.
McNally, Hugh B.
McNamara, B. P.
*McNary, Charles W.
*McNeal, H. B.
McShann, Mansell H
McTeague, Charles J.
McWilliams, Lester
Meadows, Clement J.
Meadows, George W.
Meagher, Harry R.
Mears, Chase K.
Mears, Frank D.
Mears, Lee K.

Meeth, John T.
Megaw, Herschel
Meiser, Edward T.
Meiss, William S.
Meikle, J. D.

Mellor, Benjamin, Jr.
Mendelsohn, Daniel
Mendelsohn, Ronald
E.

Mendelson, Herman
Menke, M. A.

Mentis, Anthony P.
Mercer, Victor G.
Mercier, M. W., Jr.
Merkel, Henry
Mermelstein, D. H.
Merritt, J. Webster
Merritt, Samuel H.
Merryman, Geo. W.
Meserve, John Chas.
Mess, Sister

Mary Adamar

Messersmith, E. J.
Messina, Julius A.
Metheny, Carl Melvin
Metz, Hermann F.
Mewhirter, Harry D.
Meyer, Geo. W. A.
Meyer, William J.
Meyers, Albert Temin
Meyers, Jacob Sholom
Meyers, Louis Lear
Meyers, Macy Herbert
Michael, Lucus A.
Michel, George Chas.
Michel, John Vernon
Michell, Herman
Middlekauff, H. P.
Miden, Julian I.
Mikules, Alex. H.
Milgram, Samuel
Millard, Ruth
Millenson, Irving
Miller, Abraham
Miller, Alvin B.
Miller, Charles W.
Miller, David
Miller, Edward
Miller, George A.
Miller, George P.
Miller, Harold C.
Miller, Harry
Miller, Israel M.
Miller, Irving W.
Miller, Lawrence L.
Miller, Lewis
Miller, Manuel
Miller, Milton
Miller, Nathaniel A.
Miller, Reuben
Miller, Solomon
Miller, T. A.

Miller, Vernon Lentz
Miller, William F.
Milio, Frank R.
Millman, Harry C.
Millman, Philip H.
Mills, Fred W.

Mills, Howard D.
Mills, Robert S., Jr.
Minaker, Irwin
Mindell, Charles
Minder, Frederick
Misler, Bernard
Mitchell, Joseph P.
Mitchell, Robert L.
Mirvis, Julius
Mobley, L. R.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

173

Mobley, Walter B.
Modena, Charles E.
Mohr, Milton E.

Moler, Robert K.
Mondell, Harold D.
Monroe, Henry C.
Moore, Charles W.
Moore, G. Richard
Moore, John L.

Moore, Theodore C.
Moose, Gurley Davis
Moose, Walter Lee
Morgan, Alfred K.
Morgan, Joseph H.
Morganstern, William
Morgenroth, Hans
Morgenroth, V. H., Jr.
Morgenstern, Emma
Morgenstern, Wm. A.
Moritz, William E.
Morris, Eugene G.
Morris, I. J. V.
Morris, Irving M.
Morris, Samuel
Morrison, Clarence H.
Morrison, Reginald G.
Morrison, W. B.
Morstein, R. M.
Moscariello, Frank M.
Moscati, Adrian P.
Moscati, Marius A.
Mosely, Omar, H., Jr.
Moses, Benjamin B.
Moser, John, Jr.
Moskey, Thomas A.,
Jr.

Moss, John H.
Mossell, Aaron A.
Moshenberg, William
Mossop, Carrie G.
Mouat, Gordon A.
Moxley, R. B.

Moyer, Walter
Moyers, C. W.
Moylan, Robert L.
Mrazek, Leo L.
Muchnick, David S.
Muehlhause, Otto W.
Muehlhause, Ruth V.
Mueller, Edward L.
Muench, Genevieve J.
Muldoon, Ralph V.
Mules, Nathan C.
Mulhall, Francis J.

Jr.

♦Deceased

Mullen, Charles L.
Munzert, Harry J. F.
Munzert, L. A. G.
Mupsik, Herman M.
Murdock, Loyall Edw
Murphy, Edwin C.
Murphy, Jerome E.
Murphy, Marie M.
Murphy, J. Robert
Musacchio, Leo M.
Muse, Alexander E.
Musgrave, D. E.
Musgrove, Walter G.
Musher, Arthur A.
Muskatt, Edith
Mutchnik, Melvin
Myerovitz, Joseph R.
Myers. Bernard
Myers, Charles
♦Myers, Earl L.
Myers, Ellis B.

Myers, Irvin L.

Myers, Lyndon B.
Myers, Morton
Myers, Robert I.

Nadol, Beverly S.
Naiditch, Morton E,
Nance, Fuller
Naplachowski, S. A.
Narunsky, Reuben
Nave, Jackson M.
Neary, Thos. F., Jr.
Neely, Herron
Nelson, Augustus W.
Nelson, Robert B.
Nelson, William G.
Neubauer, Clarence G.
Neumann, Jos. James
Neumann, Walter P.
Neutze, John F.
Newhouse, Stanley R.
Newman, Albert M.
Newman, David
Newman, Leon M.
Niss, Israel
Nitsch, Charles A.
Niznik, Theodore T.
Noel, Harriett Ruth
Noelle, Charles
Noland, Charles E.
Noll, Frank Morgal
Noll, Violet B.
Nollau, Elmer W.

Nordman, H.

Norris, Earl M.
Norris, Paul Edmund
Norris, Walter B.
Norton, Anna Cover
Nosal, Pauline Ann
Noveck, Irvin
Noveck, Morris
Noveck, Nathan
Novey, Sam
Novick, Bernard
Nowick, Sidney G.
Nunan, Sister

Mary B.

Nusinow, Samuel

O’Brien, John W.
O’Brien, William C.
O’Dea, James M.
Odian, Alice
O’Donnell, Francis J.
♦Oertel, Carl H. W.
Offutt, Clifford H.
Offutt, R. H.

Ogrinz, Alexander J
Ogurick, Alexander
O’Hara, John James
O’Hara, John J., Jr.
Ohlendorf, Albert V.
Ohly, Robert Wayne
Okrasinski, Joseph L.
Oken, Jack
Oken, Louis E.
Oldham, Walter F.
Oleszczuk, Melvin J.
Olsan, Frank
O’Neal, John Leonard
O’Neil, Jennie A.
O’Neill, Lawrence J.
Onnen, Adolph C.
Onnen, Arnold M.
Onnen, E. F.

Orlind, Harry
Orr, William Hugh
Dshry, Faga P.
Osburn, Darris M.
Oshinsky, Sol
Dstrow, Milton
Otto, Frederick A.
Overholt, W. F.
Owens, Bennie G.
Owens, R. Hamilton
Oxman, Meyer

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Packett, William H.
Padousis, John
Padussis, Anthony G.
Paidakovich, M. J.
Palmer, J. C.

Palmer, Mathias
Panamarow, Stephen
Pannill, William E.
Pape, Harry S.
Parelhoff, Maurice I.
Papiermeister, Joseph
Parisky, Bernard H.
Parker, Howard E.
Parker, Jas. A. I.
Parker, John G.
Parker, Katherine J.
Parker, Laura
Parker, Muriel E. N.
Parker, Richard Dale
Parkhurst, W. C.
Parks, Amil K.

Parks, Isadore J.
Parlade, J. A.

Parlett, George D.
Parr, Oscar C.

Parr, William A.
Parramore, W. VanV.
Parrish, Paul Thomas
Parson, Benjamin
Pasco, Louis Edward
Pass, Isidore
Pass, Victor Earl
Passaro, Edward J.
Pasterfield, Philip M.
Pasterfield, Wm. T.
Pate, William A.
Patlen, Irving
Patrick, Albert John
Pats, Albert
Pats, Sidney
Patterson, Walter J,
*Patti, John S.

Paul, Frank Ronald
Paul, Harry Jacob
Paul, Howard
Paulson, Aaron Ariel
Paxson, Robert L.
Paxton, Poague R.
Payne, Harry
Payne, Thomas M.
Pazdera, Frank J.
Pearlman, Albert
Pearlman, David
"Deceased

Pearlman, William L.
Pearlstein, Philip
Pearrell, Ernest H.
Pearson, Sarah B.
Pearson, Silas H.
Pecarsky, Seymour
Pelovitz, Nathan G.
Pemsel, E. Robert
Pentz, R. L.

Perel, Max
Peskin, David
Peterka, Albert A.
Peters, Albertus B.
Peters, Charles R.
Petralia, Anthony J.
Petticord, Webster B.
Pettit, Bernard A.
Petty, Huie Wilbert
Petzold, Robert T.
Pfeifer, Charles M.
Pfeifer, Charles, Jr.
Pfeifer, Edward
Phelps, R. Gorman
Phillips, Emerson C.
Picha, Frank
Pickett, Benjamin F.
Pierce, J. W.

Pierce, Robert R.
Pierce, W. L.

Pierson, Clarence H
Pietri, Margarita O.
Pigott, C. D.

Pilson, Robert A.
Pilson, Robert W.
Pinerman, Jerome
Pinsky, Herman H.
Pippig, Howard A. Jr.
Piquett, Maude B.
Piraino, Vincent J.
Pivec, John James
Pivo, Robert
Plank, Donald J.
Plank, John McNeil
Platt, Marvin S.
Platt, William
Plotner, William C.
Plumley, R. Walter
Plovsky, Nathan L
Podoksik, Hyman B.
Poffenberger, H. L.
Poggi, Gabriel J. L.
Poisal, J. W.

Poklis, Alphonse
Polk, Hamilton R.
Pollekoff, Jacob
Polekoff, Morris

Pollock, William
Pollack, Melvin M.
Pollack, Morton L.
Polonsky, Murray
Poltilove, Geo. J.
Poltilove, Harvey G.
Popluder, Nathan
Porembsky, Joseph
Portney, Samuel
Porterfield, R. S.
Potash, Oscar
Potocki, Peter Paul
Potts, Gifford L.
Potts, H. L.

Powell, F. Lee
Powell, Monte L.
Powell, William C.
Powers, Julian T.
Pratt, Charles A.
Pressman, Harry
Pressman, I. M.
Preston, Bern. J., Jr.
Price, Carroll F.
Price, Charles P.
Price. Walter C.
Pritzker, Sherman D.
Pross. Clarence
Pross, Ferdinand. Jr
Prostic, Albert
Prostic, Harry
Proudfoot, R. E.
Provenza Stephen J.
Provost, F. T.

Pruce, Alfred Albert
Pruce, Irving M.
Pryor, W. A.

Pucklis, Frank S.
Pugatsky, David
Pumpian, Paul A.
Purdum, Frank L.
Purdum, H. D.
Purdum, William A

Quasney, Emil, Jr.
Quvedo, de Carlos G

Raap. Irvin Leonard
Rabinowitz, I. W.
Rachuba, L. W.
Racusin, Nathan
Raedy, John Henry
Raffel, Leon

The M A RY L D PHARMACIST

11 r,

Ragains, Fred Perry
Ragland, Thomas E.
Raichlen, Isador
Raichlen, Samuel I.
Raines, Wm. Horace
Raney, John W.
Ranfone, Charles
Rapaport, G. H,
Rapoport, Leonard
Rasinsky, Milton
Raudonis, John A.
Rauschenbach, C. W.
Rausen, Joseph
Ravita, Salvatore J.
Rawe, Charles E.
Rawlins, Mildred A.C.
Reamer, Israel T.
Reamer, Sidney H.
Redden, Charles H.
Reed, C. H., Jr.

Reed, Jackson S. R.
Reese, C. Clifford
Reese, Charles C.
Reese, Harry Eugene
Reese, Kenneth A.
Regimenti, Vincent J.
Rehbein, Louis W.
Reichert, LeRoy D.
Reid, Hilary H.
Reindollar, Wm. F.
Reinhardt, O. M.
Reinhardt, R. L.
Reis, A. T.

Reisch, Milton
Reiser, Arnold J.
Reiter, Saul
Reitz, J. J.

Rench. Victor B.
Rendel, Morris
Renner, John Henry
Resnick, Elton
Rettaliata, Leo
Reynolds, A. C.
Reynolds, Bradley A.
Reynolds, C. E., Jr.
(colored)

Reynolds, Ralph E.
Rezek, Geo. Jaroslav
Reznek, Paul
Rhode, John George
Rhodey, Charles L.
Rice, Leonard M.

Rice, Howard S.
Ricedorff, Edwin M.
Rich, Frank R,
Richardson, C. T.

Richardson, G. A.
Richardson, James J.
Richardson, Lloyd N.
Richardson, Wm. H.
Richardson, V. M.
Richman, Jacob L.
Richmond, Jerome
Richman, Philip F.
Richmond, Samuel
Richmond, Sewell E.
Riedel, Walter K.
Riggin, Rex.

Riggs, John A.

Riley, Marie Theresa
Ringgold, B. C.
Rinker, Lemuel H.,Jr.
Ripley, Albert B.
Ritter, Ross W., Jr.
Rizer. R. L.

Robbins, Gaythel S.
Robbins. Sam S.
Robeck. Walter H.
Robenson. Milton N
Robert, Rafael
Robert, W. H.. J.
Roberts, William P.
Robertson, F. W.
Robertson, W. F.
Robinson, Albert J.
Robinson, E, E.
Robinson, Joseph T.
Robinson. Leon B.
Robinson, Maurita
(colored)

Robinson, Oliver P.
Robinson, P. P.
Robinson. R. C. V.
Robinson. Robert
Robinson, S. E.

Robl, Mary J. K.
Rochester, Harry L.
Rockman, Morris
Roddick, Wilkin M.
Rodbell, Theodore E,
Rodgers, Sister
Scholastica
Rodman, Leon
Rodman, Morris
Rodney. George
Rodowskas, C. A.
Roe, Thomas E
Rogers, Harold L.
Rohoblt, Walter S.
Romanoff. Samuel A.
Rooss, Robert V.
Rosario, Carlos del
Rose, Louis

Rose, Wm. Wilson
Rosen, I>onald Merle
Rosen, Sam
Rosenbach, Hans J.
Rosenberg, Leon
Rosenberg, B. R.
Rosenberg, Joseph J.
Rosenberg, Max S.
Rosenberg, Milton B
Rosenberg, Morris
Rosenberg, Robert
Rosenbloom, Jack H
Rosenfeld, Albert
Rosenfeld, David H.
Rosenfeld, Israel A.
Rosenstadt, Aaron
Rosenstein, Aaron
Rosenstein, Harry B
Rosenthal, Alvin
Rosenthal, Bernard
Rosenthal, Emanuel
Rosenthal, H. T.
Rosenthal, Lewis J.
Rosenthal, Louis R.
Roslyn, John J.

Ross, Earl R.

Ross, James Davis
Ross, Robert W.
Ross, William A., Jr.
(colored)

Rossberg, Charles
Rossberg, William
Rossberg, William C
Rostov. Samuel J.
Roth, Louis J.
Rothberg, Louis E
Rotkovitz, William
Rouzer, John R.
Rowe, Charles Joshua
Rowens, W. Eldridge
Rowland, Mary J. B.
Rowland. N. D.
Rowlenson, John T.
Rowlenson, Wm. F.
Roy, A. H.

Royce, Robert Francis
Ruben, William M.
Rubens, Harry M.
Rubin. Maurice M.
Rubin, Samuel B.
Rubin, Samuel S.
Rubin Sylvan I.
Rubinstein, Hyman S.
Ruddie, Israel M.
Rudie, Harry
Rudman, Melvin H.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Rudo, Herbert B.
Rudoff, Oscar
Rudy, Harry Robt.,Jr.
Ruft, Howard
Ruff, William A.

Ruhl, Frank H.

Rush, G. W. C.
Russell, J. A.

Russell, John Alex.
Russell, Richard P.
Ruth, Stephen Walter
Ruths, F. C.

Rutkin, Samuel
Rutkowski, Edw. V.

Sabatino, Louis T.
Sable, Louis
Sach, Abraham
Sachs, Albert
Sachs, Michael
Sachs, Norman R.
Sacks, Paul D.

Sachs, Raymond
Sachs, Raymond
Sachs, Robert
Sachs, Sylvan L.
Sacks, Morris
Sacks, Sidney
Sadler, R. H.

Sadler, Thomas, Jr.
Safran, Sidney
Sager, Benjamin
Saks, Joseph Herman
St. Henry, Sister

Mary

Sama, Mario
Sames, Joseph H.
Sampson, A. J.
Samuelson, Oscar
Sandene, Clarence L.
Sanders, Wm. E.
Sandler, Jos. Samuel
Sandler, Solomon
Sanner, Norman R.
Sanner, Richard T.
Santoni, David A.
Santoni, Daniel A.
Santoni, Henry A.
Sappe, Milton J.
Sappe, Milton C.
Sapperstein, Edw. I.
Sapperstein, Jacob J.
Sapperstein, Louis
Sapperstein. William

•Deceased

Sarubln, Milton
Saslaw, Israel S.
Satou, Marcus
Sause, Milton P.
Savage, Moses
Savage, Walter T.
Savitz, Melvin M.
Sawtelle, Seth S,
Sborofsky, Isadore
Scelfo, Octavia A.
Schaech, Dorothy F.
Schaefer, Charles A.
Schaefer, John F.
Schaefer. T. A.
Schammel, Adam J.
Schapiro, A. B.
Schapiro, Oscar M.
Schapiro, Samuel
Schapiro, Samuel H.
Schapiro, Louis
Schaumburg. N. L.
Scheffrin, R. E.
Scheinin, Benjamin
Scheinker, Wm. H.
Schenker, Norman L.
Schenker, Philip
Scher, Robert Samuel
Scherer, Charles
Scherr, Melvin G.
Scherr, Morton B.
Schiff, Harry David
SchifC, Nathan
Schiltneck, Fanny
Schiltneck, C. N.
Schimmel, M. S.
Schindel, Harry E.
Schindel, Samuel L.
Schindel, Howard E.
Schireson, Henry J.
Schirman, Dr. R. J.
Schlackman, Milton
Schlaen. Mildred
Schlaifsteyn, R.
Schley. Steiner
Schlosser, Roy B.
Schmalzer, W. J., Jr.
Schmidt, August W.
Schmidt, Chas. J., Jr.
Schmidt, F. Herman
Schmidt, Jacob E.
Schmidt, Edwin A.
Schmidt, E. Albert
Schmidt, Geo. M.
Schmidt, Herman
Schmidt, John E.
Schmidt, Samuel
Schmitt, Fred J.

Schnaper, Morton J.
Schneider, Jack
Schneyer, Herbert D.
Schochet, Paul
*Schoenfeld, Benj.
Schonfeld, Gerald
Schoenrich, Herbert
Schonfeld, Paul
Schor, Leo

Schotta, Elbert Wm.
Schrader, Harry L.
Schroeder, J. H.
Schucalter, Harry B.
Schucalter, Morris E.
Schulte, C. J. A., Jr.
Schulte, C. M.
Schulte, Edward Lee
Schulte, F. W., Jr.
Schulte, Henry C.
Schulte, John A.
Schultze, Hugo F.
Schulze, Wilmer H.
Schumann, Henry V
Schumm, Fred. A.
Schuster, Gerald D.
Schuster, John N.
Schutz, Edward A.
Schwartz, Alvin
Schwartz, David 1.
Schwartz, Harry
Schwartz, Henry
Schwiartz, I. George
Schwartz, Francis H
Schwartz, J. W.
Schwartz, Jerome
Schwartz, John T. C
Schwartz, Martin
Schwartz, Nathan
Schwartz, Theo. H.
Schwartzburt, I. L.
Schwatka, W. H., Jr
Scigliano, John A.
Scola, Joseph
Scoll, Lea H.

Scott, David I.

Scott, Edward A
Scott, Jennings B.
Scott, S. M. Jr.

Scott, Kent W.
Sealfon, Irwin I.
Seamans, Eugene A.
Sears, Edward DeF.
Seechuk, William W
♦Seeling, Truman
Seely, Hattie May
Segal, Nathaniel J.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

177

Segall, Jacob Roth
Segel, Harry
Seibert, Stanley
Seidel, Harry Louis
Seidman, Henry G.
Seigle, S. S.

Seldeen, Martin
Seldin, Isadora
Sellers, Harry H.
Seltzer, Leonard A.
Semer, Gerald M.
Sencindiver, J. H,
Senger, Joseph A.
Sennhenn, William
Serpick, Jacob
Settler, Myer Martin
Seward, Mary E.
Seward, William W.
Sexton, Moses
Shackelford, H. S.
Shaffer, E. Herbert
Shaffer, Harry P.
Shaffer. Lawrence P.
Shalowitz, Marlon
Shannon, Donald A.
Shapiro, Albert A.
Shapiro, Henry
Shapiro, Jerome B.
Shapiro, Lionel M.
Shapiro, Max
Shaughnessy,

Sister Zoe
Shea, Harold J.

Shea, John W.

Shear, Joseph -
Shear, Mortom I.
Shearer, Nancy Lee
Sheer, Lawrence
Sheetz, Randall L.
Bheftelman, David
Sheller, Samuel J.
Shepherd, Edward C.
Shenker, Allan B.
Shenker, Arthur
Shenker, Morris
Shenker, Sherman H
Shepherd, Fred. P.
Sherman, L. F.
Sherman, Louis L.
Sherrer, Martin V,
Sherry, David
Shestack, Robert
Shields, Arthur P.
Shimanek, L. J.

♦Deceased

Shipley, Albert R.
Shipley, H. Clinton
Shirey, Ronald L.
Shoben, Gerald
Shoben, Jacob
Shochet, Irving Edw.
Shochet, Melvin
Shocket, Sidney
Shoemaker, Ross F.
Shoemaker, W. C.
Shook, Joseph Wm.
Shore, W. S.
Showacre, Harry A.
Showalter, Claude M
Showman, A. R.
Shpritz, Stuart
Shulman, Emanuel V.
Shulman, Shirley S.
Shupe, B. F.

Shupe, J. B.

Shure, Arthur A.
Shure, Bernard G.
Shure, Irwin
Shuster, Leon Paul
Siegel, Alvin Morton
Siegel, Harold W.
Siegel, Lawrence R.
Siegel, Paul
Silberg, Edgar Mano
Silberg, Harvey G.
Silberman, Irving
Silberman, Joseph J.
Silbert, Andrew W.
Silnutzer, Meyer
Silver, Benjamin J.
Silverman, Albert M.
Silverman. Irvin I.
♦Silverman, Paul
Silverman, Sylvan L.
Silverman, Sylvan B.
Silverstein, Bernard
Silverstein, Fred
Simmon^s, Harry P.
Simmons, Leslie D.
Simon, Alder Irvin
Simon, Alvin
Simono^, Robert
Simonson, John W.
Simpson, John F.
Sinclair, Theodore B.
Sindler, Melvyn M.
Singer, George D. ,
Singer, Harold B.
Singer. Isidore E.
Singer. John V.
Singewald. A. G.
Singman, Henry D.

Sinush, Peter
Siracusa, Frederick
Sirota, Leo Robert
Sirulnik, Howard S.
Sisco, Samuel
Sisk, Joseph P.

Sites, William A.
Skaft, William
Sklar, Isidore Allen
Skolaut, Milton W.
Skrickus, Joseph A.
Skruch, Walter John
Skup, David A.
Slama, Frank J.

Slay, J. B.

Sloan, Harold T.
Slough, Herbert E.
Slusky, Louis B.
Smith, Arthur Wesley
Smith, Bernard T.
Smith, Claude N.
Smith, Daniel Earl
Smith, Edgar C.
Smith, George G.
Smith, George M,
Smith, Heber
Smith, Henry W.
Smith, Herbert C.
Smith, Howard T.
Smith, Jos. I.

Smith, Julius A.
Smith, Lewis Ayer
Smith, Martin
Smith, Maurice R.
Smith, Morton
Smith, Murray P.
Smith. Owen C.
Smith, Paul K.

Smith, Pierre Frank
Smith, Robert Wells
Smith, Raymond H.
Smith, Rudolph R.
Smith, Rudolph/ Jr.
Smith, Sanford D. >
Smith, Theodore S.
Smith, Thomas S.
Smith. T. W.

Smith, Walter N.
Smith, W. Harry, Jr.
Smith, William H.
Smith, William W.
Smithers, Norman R
Smithers, Thomas J.
Smoot, A. C.
Smulevitz, Irving
Smulovitz, David
Smulovitz, Isidore

178

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Smulovitz, Sidney
Smulson, Milton M.
Snavely, R. W.

Snell, Tom J.
Snellinger, J. B.
Snively, Fred H.
Snyder, Erwin C.
Snyder, Jerome
Snyder, Nathan
Snyder, Nathan M.
Snyder, Paul Jay
Snyder, William T.
Sober, Norman
Soladar, Augusta L.
Sollod, Aaron Charles
Soiled, Herbert S.
Sollod, Joseph A.
Sollod, Melvin J.
Sollod, Sylvan J.
Solomon, Simon
Solomon, S. Samuel
Solsky, Robert M.
Somerlatt, Virginia G.
Somers, Grover S.
Sommer, Werner J.
Sonnenburg, Chas. E.
Sosnoski, Walter J.
Sowell, Sam
Sowbel, Irving
Sowbel, Philip
Soyles, James S.
Spahn, J. A., Jr.
Spain, Sister Lydia
Spangler, Kenneth G.
Spano, Arthur N.
Speaker, Tully J. J.
Spellman, Sister

Mary Rita
Spence, Clarence G.
Sperandeo, Frank J.
Spicer, O. W.
Spigelmire, C. E.
Spike, Sidney
Spittel, Robert John
Spittle, Elmer
Sprague, Victor Hugo
Sprecht, Charles E.
Springer, Lewis Rex
Sprowls, Winfield S.
Sprucebank, Harry E.
Sprucebank, Roy A.
Stafford, Earle A.
Stagmer, O. R.

Stahl, Charles W.
Stahl, William M.
Stahlhut, Carl W.

•Deceased

Staley, Clifton B.
Staller, Abraham
Stam, Lillian R.
Stambosky, Louis
Stancill, George W.
Standiford, Isaac W.
Stark, Alvin
Stark, John Walter
Startt, William A.
Stattner, Milton
Staub, Brown Chas.
Stauff, John
Stauffer, Howard C.
Stauffer, L. E.
Stavely, Roy S., Sr.
Steel, Harold
Steele, Frank John
Steele, Wm, Richard
Stecher, Joseph L.
Steffe, John W.

Stehl, Justus
Stehl, Gustav L.
Stehl, J. V.

Stein, Milton R.
Steinberg, Bernard
Steinberg, Louis
Steinberg, Sherman
Steiner, Albert
Steinhardt, Abraham
Steinhilber, Richard
Steinwedel, Wm. A.
Stem, Albert W.
Stempel, Edward
Sterling, A. L.
Sterling, Elmer W.
Stern, Albert W.
Sterner, Paul E., Jr.
Stevens, Charles
Stevens, S. E.
Stewart, John Wesley
Stewart, Ralph B.
(colored)

Stewart, Samuel H.
Stewart, William H.
Sticha, Joseph
Stichel, William
Stichman, Solomon
Stidger, Hugh
Stiffman, George J.
Stiffman, Jerome A.
Stillwagon, Larmar J.
Stimek, Joseph A.
Stine, Harry
Stokes, Edward V.
Stokosa, Milton J.
Stolberg. Edward B.
Stoler, Myer

Stombler, C. R.

Stone, Harry
Stone, Joseph J.
Stone, S. W.

Storch, Arthur Z.
Storm, Norman F.
Stotlemeyer, Chas. K.
Stotler, Robert P.
Stouffer, Harvey V.
Stout, Warren E.
Straight, Fred S.
Strasburger, Melville
Strasburger, Wm. R.
Stratmann, George

M. C.

Strauch, Hans J.
Strauch, John J.
Strauch, Joseph
Strauss, Austin
Strauss, Bernard H.
Strauss, Leo
Strauss, Leon
Streett, Edmund O.
Streett, Mechem E.
Strevig, John Alfred
Stribler, J. H.
Striner, Benjamin
Strife, W. E.

Strobel, Edward J. A.
♦Stulz, John Fred.
Sturgiss, A. G.
♦Sturgiss, W. A.
Stutt, J. Harry
Sudler, Arthur E.
Sudler, Charles C.
Sudler, Foster
Sugar, Victor J.
Sullivan, Clarence B.
Sullivan, Daniel S.
Sullivan, Fred G.
Sullivan, Howard D.
Sullivan, William F.
Sunshine, Abraham J.
Surratt, J. Harry
Survil, Anthony A.
Susel, Benjamin E.
Sussman, Bernard
Sussman, Hyman J.
Sussman, Sidney
Suto, Frank Jacob
Svarovsky, John W.
Swain, Clyde C.
(colored)

Swain, Robert Lee
Swain, Wilson B.
Swartz, Charles J.
Swartz, Harold A.

Ttie M ARY L A-^ B PHARMACIST

179

♦Swimley, L, R.
Swiss, F. L.

Syracuse, Samuel P.

Tabler, C. W.

Taetle, Herman I.
Tagg, Norman H.
Taliaferro, W. B.
Taich, Louis
Tamburo, Samuel J.
Taransky, Allen A.
Tarantino, John Thos.
Tate, Joseph McCall
Tattar, Leon Lee
Taub, Stanley S.
Taylor, Joseph S.
Taylor, R. W. W.
Tee, Harry C. Jr.
Teets, Donald E.
Tenberg, David Paul
*Tenner, David
Teramani, J. A.
Terrell, Alexander A.
Tesman, Jacob
Thai, Johann M.
Thayer, Franklin E.
Thayer, H. T.
Theodore, R. M.
Thieme, G. C.
Thomas, Frederick P.
Thomas, George R.
Thomas, George S.
Thomas, Oscar B.
Thome, Charles C.
Thrall, Ralph B.
Thompson J. West
Thompson, Paul H.
Thompson, Robert E.
Thompson, Wm. P.
Thornton, Henry L.
Thornton, William H.
rhorp, Clare Faye
Thron, Edward, Jr.
Tillery, John Wm.
Timmons, W. D., Jr.
Tingle, M. W.

Tipton, Frank B.
Title, Irwin
Titlow, H. B.

Titus, Sister Mary I.
Tobias, I. Herbert
Todd, Harvey E.
Todd, Robert Cecil
Todd, John C.
*Deceased

Tolson, Bert D.
Tomney, James T.
Tompakov, Sylvan
Toole, Frank Leo
Toulson, John M.
Tourkin, David
Traband, M. T., Jr.
Trachtenberg, Doris
Tracey, Arthur G.
Trageser, Jacqueline
Tralins, Julius Jos.
Tramer, Arnold
Trehern, J. Curtis
Tremaine, Stanley A.
Tremaine, Warren L.
Tomney, James T.
Tronwood, Thos. G.
Trowbridge, Harry O
Troxel, J. G.

Troxell, Will P.
Truax, J. L.

Truitt, D. J. O.
Truitt, J. Gordon
Truitt, James H.
Truitt, Charles R.
Trull, Alfred C.
Truxton, Charles O.
Trygstad, Vernon O.
Tucker, Alexander
Tucker, William C.
Tucker, William W.
Tumas, John
Tumbleson, Arthur L,
Tumbleson, A. M.
Tumbleson, Chas. C.
Turlington, R. A.
Turner, A. P., Jr.
Turner, Zachariah III
Turpin, E. S.

Turpin H. J.

Twigg, Theodore K.
Tyerell, M. R.

Ulan, Martin S.
Ulman, Ferdinand
Undang, Arnold
Urlock, John P., Jr
Urspruch, William G.

Valentine, A. W.

Van Allen, Peter
Van Duzer, Roberta

Vansant, Bayard
Van Slyke, Amos R.
Veasey, John
Vehrencamp, E. L.
Velinsky, Sylvia Lois
Vezina, Armand B.
Vicino, Dominic J.
Vidal, Manuel J.
Vilkas, Leo J.

Vinson, R. B.

Vinson, Robert Wm.
Visel, C. G.

Vodenos, Philip N.
Volkman, Maurice M.
Vogel, George
Vogel, George Wm.
Vogel, Walter Wm.
Voigt, Herman A.
Vojik, Edward C.

Von Doelle, J. H., Jr.
Vondracek, John W.
Voshell, Harvey W.
Voshell, William P.
Voshell, William, Jr.

Wachsman, Irvin L.
Waddell, Samuel J.
Wagenheim, Zelick
Wagner, Betty G.
Wagner, Charles H.
Wagner, George W.
Wagner, Howard J.
Wagner, Karl G.
Wagner Manuel B.
Wagner, Phyllis H.
Wagner, Raphael H.
Wailes, Henry S.
Wainger, Edward
Walb, Winfield A.
Walb, Winfield S.
Walch, Edward E.
Waldsachs, Joseph J.
Waldschmidt, Henry
Waldman, Alvin M.
Waldman, Jacob
Walker, Alfred
Walker, C. H.

Walker, Paul A.
Walker, R. H.
Wallace, Joseph T.
Waller, Irvin Robert
Waller, William J.
Wallis, Henry Hill
Wallis, Walter
Walman, Morris

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Walsh, Harry Joseph
Walsh, Morgan N.
Walsh, Richard J.
Waltemeyer, J. T.
Walter, James B., Jr.
Walter, Norman W.
Walton, Tracy McC.
Walts, David Y.
Waltz, Bradley H.
Waltz, George H.
Walz, Jacob L.
Walzer, Adolph
Waltzinger, A. P. Jr.
Wannenwetsch, J. F.
Waples, Wm. Ewing
Ward, Francis X.
Ward, Michael J.
Ward, Stark
Wareham, E. A.
Warfield, S. Roland
Warfield, Harry N.
Wargell, Walter F.
Warnefeld, Wm. H.
Warner, J. Lewis
Warner, William
Warren, Daniel A.
Warren, Jerome B.
Warren, J. Noble
Warrenfeltz, J. Fred.
Warshaw, Samuel E.
Wassell, Theodore J.
Wassermau, L. W.
Wasserman, Louis W.
Watchman, Henry H.
Waterman, H. E.
Waterman, R. H.
Waters, Charles C.
Waters, Joseph Thos.
Waters, James K.
Watkins, J. W.
Watts, C. C.

Watts, Howard C.
Watts, H. R.

Watts. John Wesley
Waxman, Milton M.
Way, J. Louis
Weaver, Frank H.
Weaver, Warren E.
Webb, James S.
Webb, John Wilmer
Weber. Edward
Webster. Samuel E.
Webster. Thomas C.
Weeks, John A.

* Deceased

Wegad, Evelyn
Wehler, Randolph
Wehner, Daniel G.
Weinbach, Eugene C.
Weinberg, Harry
Weinberg, M. A.
Weinberg, Sydney G.
Weinberger, Sally D.
Weiner, Alex
Weiner, Bernard
Weiner, David
Weiner, Martin
Weiner, Morton H.
Weiner, Solomon
Weiner, William
Weinshenker, A.
Weinstein, Daniel D.
Weinstein, Jack J.
Weisberg, Ruth R.
Welch, Louis J. P.
Welland. Arthur I.
Wells, C. Milton
Wells, Henry C.
Wells, John S.
Weltner, William
Wendel, H. George
♦Werckshagen, W. A
Werley, LeRoy D., Jr.
Wertheimer, Samuel
Wesley, Maris P.

(colored)

West, Charles C.
West, Fred Ralph
West, Henry A.
West, Erasmus
Wetchler, Solomon
Whaley, Wilson M, Jr.
Wharton, John C.
Wharton, Thomas P.
Wharton, Zodak P.
Whayland, Sewell H.
Wheeler, John B., Ill
White. G. W.

White, E. Riall, Jr.
White, Luther
White, Pinkney M.
White, Thomas F.
White, Thomas N.
White, Geo. Spencer
Whitefield, James M.
Whiteley, Roland S.
Whiteley, William S
Whitesell, Elwood E.
Whitesell, Reese E.
Whiteside, Wm. B.
Whitiker, C. Irwin

Whittaker, E. W.
Whittemore, Edwin
W^hittle, G. W.
Whittle, Harry L.
Whittle, Thomas S.
Whittle, William A.
Whittlesey, Wm. H.
Wich, Carlton E.
Wich, Henry E.
Wich, J. Carlton
Wickes, H. O.
Wickham, John J.
Wiener, Maurice
Wienner, Jacob M.
Wilder, Earle M.
Wildsmith, Thos. H.
Wilier, Rose P.
Wilhelm, Clarence W.
Wilkens, J. H.
Wilkerson, Albert R.
Willard, Jester J.
Williams, Alfred S.
Williams, Arza G.
Williams, Clyde G.
Williams, William O.
Williamson, C. S.
Williamson, E. L.
Williamson, J. A.
Williamson,

Richard J.
Willis, Henry N.
Willke, Herbert H.
Wilson, Franklin D.
Wilson, H. J.

Wilson, John Jacob
Wilson, Joseph A.
Wilson, Richard H.
Wilson, Samuel A.
Wilson, Sister M.

Joan of Arc
Wilson, W. M., Jr.
Wilson, W. W.
Wilson, Walter W.
Winakur, Arthur
Windsor, Lester D.
Winger, David Z.
Winger, Efhe V.
Winkler, William H.
Winn, Solomon
Winslow, Edwards P.
Winstead, Oliver P.
Winter, Samuel
Wirth, Ferdinand F.

Jr.

Withers, James B.
(colored)

*Witf.

Witzel, John F.

The M ARY L D PHARMACIST

181

Witzke, Carl H.
Witzke, Louis Henry
WlodkowskI, E. M. J.
Wode, Alvin E. W.
Woehner, Walter A.
Wolf, Charles A.
Wolf, D. Earl
Wolf, G. Ernest
Wolf, James Carlton
Wolf, Nathan
Wolf, Robert F.
Wolfe, J. Albert
Wolfe, G. H.

Wolfe, James J.
Wolfe, Morris
Wolfe, W. H.

Wolff, E. E.
Wolfovitz, Sam
Wollman, Joseph I.
Wolsiewiek, R. F.
Wood, Marguerite L.
(colored)

Woltman, Enos Fred
Wong, Margaret
Wood, Medford C.
Woodland, John C.
Woods, F. D.
Woodward J. S.
Woodwarl, J. S., Jr.
Woolford, B. W.
Woolford, Elmer B.
Wooten, R. O.
Worden, Lloyd G.

Worrall, Fred. W.
Worthington, Eugene
Wright, Fred N.
Wright, Henry D.
Wright, John H.
Wright, Joseph
Wright, Joseph E
Wright, L. R. (col.)
Wright, Myron J.
Wright, Thomas G.
Wright, L. B. Ill
Wright, Lawrence M.
Wroth, Emory S.
Wyatt, Blanche B.
Wylie, H. Boyd, Jr.

Yager, Frank
Yaffe, Morris Robert
Yaffe, Samuel S.
Yaffe, Stanley J.
Yankeloff, Louis G.
Yarmack, Morris H.
Yarmosky, Jack J.
Yevzeroff, Benjamin
Yevzeroff, J. E.
Yohn, Charles R.
Yost, Frederick
Youch, Charles A.
Young, Charles L.

Young, George I. Jr.
Young, Paul Roscoe
Young, Ralph Victor

Zalevsky, Sidney M.
Zarych, Joseph F.
Zeller, Chas. B. Boyle
Zenitz, Bernard L.
Zentz. Milton
Zetlin, Henry
Zepp, William Scott
Zerofsky, Frank
Zerofsky, Harold
Zervitz, Max M.
Zerwitz, Irving F.
Zerwitz, Sidney
Ziegler, Charles L.
Ziegler, John H.
Zilber, S. Nathan
Zimmer, David J.
Zimmerman, E. R
Zimmerman, L. M.
Zimmerman, M. I.
Zimmerman, T. E.
Zinberg, Milton M.
Zink, William P.
Zolenas, A. J.. Jr.
Zuchowski, Victor L.
Zukerberg, Morris
Zulty, Joan H.

Zvaies, Simon

182

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

REGISTERED ASSISTANT PHARMACISTS IN MARYLAND

The following list of Assistant Registered Pharmacists is fur
nished by and with the authority of the Maryland Board of Phar¬
macy, and every care has been taken to make the list accurate in
every detail. However, should any errors be noted, please notify the
Secretary of the Maryland Board of Pharmacy, 2411 North Charles
Street, Baltimore, Maryland.

Adalman, Philip
Adams, E. Raymond
Albert, Arleigh H.
Amberg, Richard O.
Anderson, W. A.

Baker, Harry B.
Baker, James I.
Balmert, Frank C.
Barr, William W.
Barrett, Francis O.
Barrow, Edward W.
Bell, Elizabeth A.
Bercowitz, B. J.

Bere, J. G.

Berman, Frederick T.
Bernstein, Joseph
Biggs, Eldridge F.
Blatt, Henry
Blizzard, Ella M.
Boone, Wiley James
Bowmeyer, Alvin S.
Brandenburg, L. R.
Briele, August Kern
Brille, F. R.

Brooks, Homer C.
Brown, Emma H.
Brown, Joseph Key
Brown, William
Bryan, Arthur H.
Buffington, Mrs. M. E.
Burton, Perry P.
Buschman, Geo. W.
Byers, Mrs. M. L.

Caldwell, Gerald E,
Caplan, Abraham
Carroll, John J.
Carter, Clarence L.
Castello, W. J.

Chaires, Clifton M.
Cherry, John M.
Christ, Edwin L.
Christopher, H. B.
Cizek, George
Clarke, Hugh V.
Cohen, Morris G.
Collenberg, Girdwood
Colona, Clarence J.
Colston, Benjamin A.
Copes, James
Corbett, E. S.

Cotter, Edward F.
Councell, E. W.
Crammer, D. Preston
Cronin, T. Arthur
Crowther, Aloha H.
Cutchin, William M.

Davis, Edward Mann
Davis, Robert G.
Davis, William B.
Dayhoff, Edward B.
Deal, Justin
Deiter, Louis V.
Dentelhauser, L. T.
Derry, John W.
Dickinson, Frank M.
Diggs, Paul A.
Dougherty, Carl E.
Dryden, William H.

Easton, Maurice C.
Edwards, Gustav A.
Eichner, George W.
Ehrlich, Meyer
Eselhorst, Albert R.

Fearson, E. T.

Fehler, Charles E.
Fehler, John F.
Feitelberg, Samuel L.

Fields, William A.
Fiske, Christian
Flack, Herbert L.
Flounders, Mark E.
Flynn, Paul Francis
Forein, Belle
Forsythe, William F.
Fox, Lester
Fox, William R.
Frazier, Henderson S.
Full, R. F.

Funk, John W.

Gilmer. Franklin S.
Glantz, Hiram A.
Glick, S. Shipley
Goldman, Samuel M.
Green, William F.
Grote, Francis C. E.

Hague, Aldred E.
Habliston, Charles C.
Harley, John V
Hassen, John E
Heise, 'John E.

Heise, Fred H.
Herman, Mrs. H. G.
Hersey, Walter H.
Hicks, F. I.

Hinton, George H.
Hipsley, Oscar
Holewinski, John A.
Holloway, M. A.
Hood, Thomas E.
Hope, John W.
Hopkins, Annie M.
Horn, Amanda I.
Hughes, Harry C.
Hughes, Ephraim G.
Humphreys, Wm. G.
Humphreys, W. B.
Hunter, Livingston O.
Hurd. A. E. S.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

183

Ichniowski, CasimerT

[reland, Philip B.

Jaeggin, Richard B.
Janueszeski, Frank A.
Jester, Henry F.
Jones, Albert B.
Jones, Howard Wm.
Jones, Paul C.

Kahn, Edmund
Kammerer, Wm. H.
Keenan, Robert
Keenan, Walter S.
Keller, J. E.
Kermodel, Chas. R.
Kinner, Harold C.
Kirby, Robert M.
Klepper, Charles F.
Klink, John C.
Kolb, Edwin
Kolb, Walter R.
Kremer, Isaac
Kress, Milton B.

Lambden, Francis A.
Lankford, Henry M.
Lautenbach, F., Jr.
Lautenbach, Geo. W.
Leary, Anna W.
Leberman, S. K. L.
Lee, Russell E.
Leiva, Carlos E.
Lemke, William F.
Lennan, Samuel C.
Levine, Harold J.
Levin, Milton
Lewisson, Harry
Lilly, W. I.

Lingo, Robert W.
Litsinger, Vernon L.
Lloyd, George A.
Lytle, E. C.

McClenny, Dick C.
McCormick, Arthur F.
McCubbin, William J.
McDonald, Joseph F.

McKay, Wm. Kenny
McKenna, W. C.
Mace, W. S.

Machin, Frank H.
Main, Clarence Z.
Marek, Charles D.
Marley, John V.
Martz, Wm. E.
Matthew, W. S.
Mayer, Fred.

Mayers, Harry J.
Meek, Charles H.
Meredith, Charles L.
Meyers, George
Michael, V. B.
Michael, M. Harlan
Mikules, Cordelia L.
Miller, George A.
Millett, Joseph
Minchewer, W. H.
Moore. Sarah S.
Morgan, Walter L.
Mullikin, John F.
Mund, Maxwell H.
Murphey, Joseph A.

Newman, George L.
Newmeyer, Alvin S.
Norton, John C.
Nusbaum, Clement I.

Otto, Harry C.

Parker, George H.
Parlett, Wm. Alvin
Parr, Newton I.
Parrish. Paul T.
Payntei, Clara S. M.
Petts, George E., Jr.
Pharr, D. C.

Phillips, Benton S,
Phillips, Edwin J.
Pilson, Florence S.
Porterfield, Milton P.
Powers, John W.
Powers, James W.
Pressler, W. H.

Price, Roscoe D.
Proctor, S. Howard

Quinn, Egbert L.
Quinn, J. Louis

Raiva, Philip
Ramsay, Thomas L.
Rauck, Arthur E.
Rauth, John Wm.
Raynor, Clark S.
Reckitt, Charles E.
Renanhan, John L.
Reznek, Paul
Richardson, L. A.
Riff, Charles
Ritch, Thomas W.
Robinson, H. M., Jr.
Robinson, James
Rowe, Grace E.
Rubin,. Mortimer M.
Rudo, Nathan
Ruhl, Emma
Russel, W. M.

Sacks, Milton a.
Sanders, Albert J.
Sauer, Mary Louisa
Saunders, Thomas S.
*Schlaen, Morris
Schnabel, William T.
Schochet, George
Schulte, August W.
Schwartz, Daniel J.
Schwartz, John T.
Schwarzenback,

C. E., Jr.

Scott, Virginia P.
Sears, Florence
Sencendiver, Jacob P.
Sharrett, George O.
Sheman, George P.
Shipley, Samuel H.
Shivers, M. L.
Siscovick, Milton
Skilman, L. G.

Smith, J. Moseley
Smith, Leroy A.
Sprague, Lewis H.
Stacey, T. E., Jr.
Staling, J. C.
Stanward, M. Benton
Steinberg, Bernard
Stevenson, W. H.
Stimmer, Richard E.
Stiner, Wilbur C.
Stouffer, Clyde R.
Stouffer, Rankin

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Strause, Geo. Alvin
Sullivan, Anna J. M.
Suter. Louis A.

Talbott, D. Russell
Taylor, James Alfred
Thomas, George W.
Thome, E. Reynolds
Thompson, Jerome J.
Thompson, Oma M.
Thomson, J. A.

Todd, Arch McA.
Totz, Hammond
Toulson, Hattie I.
Toy, Arthur T.

Trail. Edith I.
Trainor, William J.
TrattnerV James N
Troxel. Effie M.

Vogel, Louis
Von Helms, Ernest

Walch, William F.
Walter, J. W.
Waltham, Alan P.
Walton, H. Webster
Vosatka, John
Ward, Harry E.
Watts, S. Tarlton
Weaver, Harry C., Jr.
Weaver, Lincoln R.
Weisman, Samuel
Weller, Argie G.
Weller, Charles G.
Weller, Harry
Wenderoth, Edwin P.
White, Earle C.
White. Robert C.

Wiggers, Clarence H.
Wiernik, Clarence
Williams, Amos C.
Williams, C. D.
Wilson, Joseph O.
Witzel, John F.
Wolf, Alan G.

Wolfe, Morris
Woodward, C. P.
Wrenick, Clarence
Wright, Edna Kirk
Wright, Loretto
Wright, Walter T.

Young, H. W.

Zacharias, Edwin •
Zacharias, Edwin

The M ARY L A2f D PHARMACIST

185

OFFICERS OF THE ASSOCIATION SINCE ITS ORGANIZATION

1883 — J. J. Thomsen

1884 — D. C. Aughinbaugh

1885 — E. Eareckson, M. D.

1886 — A. J. Corning

1887 — William Simon, M. D.

1888 — J. Walter Hodges

1889 — M. L. Byers

1890 — E. M. Foreman

1891 — Columbus V. Emich

1892 — John Briscoe, M. D.

1894 — John F. Hancock

1895 — Henry J. Hynson

1896 — H. B. Gilpin

1897 — W. C. Powell

1898 — Robert S. McKinney

1899 — A. R. L. Dohme

1900 — Wm. E. Turner

1901 — Louis Schulze
190 2 — J. Webb Foster
1903 — W. E. Brown

190 4 — H. Lionel Meredith
1905 — M. A. Toulson
190 6 — J. E. Hengst

1907 — Owen C. Smith

1908 — W. M. Fouch

1909 — John B, Thomas

1910 — Charles Morgan

1911 — James E. Hancock
’ 912 — D. P. Schindel

1913 — J. Puller Frames

1914 — J. F. Leary

1915 — Geo. A. Bunting

1916 — Thomas M. Williamson

1917 — Eugene W. Hodson

1918— W. H. Clarke

Fresidents

1919 — D. R. Millard

1920 — G. E. Pearce

1921 — R. E. L. Williamson

1922 — A. L. Lyon

1923— C. L. Meyer

1924 — W. K. Edwards

1925 — S. Y. Harris

1926 — H. A. B. Dunning

1927 — Harry R. Rudy

1928 — Howell W. Allen

1929— — Geo. W. Colborn, Jr.

1930 — L. S. Williams

1931 — Wm. B. Spire

1932 — L. M. Kantner

1933 — L. V. Johnson

1934 — Andrew F. Ludwig
193 5 — Harry W. Matheney
193 6 — Melville Strasburger
193 7 — Robert L. Swain
1938 — A. A. M. Dewing
193 9 — A. N. Hewing

1940 — Lloyd N. Richardson

1941 — T. Ellsworth Ragland

1942 — Elmer W. Sterling

1943 — Frank L. Black

1944 — Ralph C. Dudrow

1945 — ^Harry S. Harrison

1946 — Albln A. Hayman

1947 — Charles S. Austin, Jr.

1948 — Milton J. Fitzsimmons

1949 — Nelson G. Dlener

1950 — Howard L. Gordy

1951— William E. Waples

1952 — Manuel B. Wagner

1953 — Otto W. Muehlhause

First Vice-Presidents

1883 — C. W. Crawford

1884 — Steiner Schley

1885 — Levin D. Collier

1886 — Joseph B. Boyle

1887 — C. W. Crawford
1 888 — C. H. Redden

18 89— D. M. R. Culbreth
1890 — Chas. Caspar!, Jr.

18 91 — John Briscoe, M. D.
1892— T. W. Smith

1894 — Henry P. Hynson

1895— J. W. Cook

1896 — Robert S. McKinney
189 7 — W. S. Merrick

189 8 — August Schrader
18 99 — C. C. Waltz
1 900 — L. R. Mobley
1901 — J. Webb Foster

190 2 — M. A. Toulson
1903 — Owen C. Smith
1 90 4 — Mercer Brown
1 90 5 — Henry Howard
1 90 6 — A. Ti. Pearre
190 7 — J. H. Farrow
1 908— J. G. Beck
100 9 — w. C. Aughinbaugh
1910-11 — D. P. Schindel

1912 — J. Fuller Frames

1913 — J. D. Stotlemeyer
’914 — G. A. Bunting

1915 — Thomas M. Williamson

1916 — Eugene W. Hodson

1917 — W. H. Clarke

1918 — D. R. Millard

1919 — G. E. Pearce

1 920 — R. E. L. Williamson

186

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

First Vice-Presidents

(Continued 5

19 21 — E. Riall White
19 22 — C. L. Meyer

1923 — W. K. Edwards

1924- 25 — H. A. B. Dunning

1926 — H. R. Rudy

1927 — Howell W. Allen

1928 — George W. Colborn, Jr.

1929 — L. S. Williams

1930 — W. B. Spire

1931 — L. M. Kantner

1932 — L. V. Johnson

1933 — Andrew F. Ludwig
193 4 — Harry W. Matheney
193 5 — Melville Strasburger

193 6 193 7 — A. A. M. Dewing

1938 — A. N. Hewing

1939 — Lloyd N. Richardson
19 40 — T. E. Ragland

1941 — Elmer W. Sterling

1942 — Frank L. Black

1943 — Ralph C. Dudrow

1944 — Harry S. Harrison

1945 — Albin A. Hayman

1946 — Charles S. Austin, Jr,

1947 — M. J. Fitzsimmons

1948 — Nelson G. Diener

1949 — Howard L. Gordy

1950 — William E. Waples

1951 — Manuel B. Wagner

19 52 — Otto W. Muehlhause
1953 — Lester R. Martin

Second Vice-Presidents

1883 — Thomas W. Shryer
18 84 — A. J. Corning

1885 — Henry R. Steiner

1886 — John T. Wooters
18 87 — J. Walter Hodges

1888 — J. F. Leary

1889 — Joseph B. Garret

1890 — D. C. Aughinbaugh

1891 — F. A. Harrison

189 2 — J. Fuller Frames

1894 — C. B. Henkel, M. D.

1895 — George E. Pearce

1896 — Steiner Schley

1897 — Louis Schulze

1898 — Eugene Worthington

1899— John M. Weisel

1900 — J. F. Leary

1901 — E. T. Reynolds

190 2 — W. J. Elderdice
190 3 — Alfred Lapouraille

1904 — H. L. Troxel

1905 — J, J. Barnett

190 6 — Alfred Lapouraille
1907 — W. C. Carson, M. D.
190 8 — Franz Naylor

1909 — W, G. Lowry, Jr.

1910 — R. E. L. Williamson

1911 — J. D. Stotlemeyer

1912 — Henry Howard

1913 — Geo. A. Bunting

1914 — Henry Howard

1915 — Eugene W. Hodson

1916 — C. K. Stotlemeyer

1917 — D. R.Millard

1918 — G. E. Pearce

1919 — R. E. L. Williamson

1920— 21 — J. W. Westcott

1922 — W. K. Edwards

1923 — H. A. B. Dunning

1924— S. Y. Harris
19 25 — L. L. Kimes

1926 — Howell W. Allen

1927— Geo. W. Colborn, Jr.

1928 — L. S. Williams

1929 — Wm. B. Spire

1930 — L. M. Kantner

1931 — L. V. Johnson
193 2 — A. F. Ludwig

1933 — Harry W. Matheney

1934 — Melyllle Strasburger

1935 — A. A, M. Dewing

1936— 37 — A. N. Hewing

1938 — Lloyd N. Richardson

1939— T. E. Ragland

1940— E. W. Sterling

1941 — Frank L. Black

1942 — Ralph C. Dudrow

1943 — Harry S. Harrison

1944 — Albin A. Hayman

1945 — Charles S. Austin, Jr.

1946 — M. J. Fitzsimmons

1947 — Nelson G. Diener

1948 — Howard L. Gordy

1949 — William E. Waples

1950 — Manuel B. Wagner

1951 — Arthur C. Harbaugh

1952 — Lester R. Martin

1953 — Hyman Davidov

Third Vice-Presidents

1883 — Hugh Duffy 1885 — T. W. Smith

1884 — Levin D. Collier 1886 — J. Walter Hodges

The M ARY L A2^ D PHARMACIST

187

Third Vice-Presidents

(Continued)

1887 — Henry A. Elliott

1888 — John Briscoe, M. D.

1889 — E. M. Foreman

1890 — J. F. Hancock

1891 — J. E. Henry

1892— C. B. Henkel, M. D.

1894 — George E. Pearce

1895 — J. W. Smith

1896 — Thomas H. Jenkins

1897 — A. Eugene DeReeves

1898 — C. C. Ward, M. D.

1899 — C. H. Michael

1900 — W. E. Brown

1901 — O. G. Schuman
190 2 — W. R. Jester
190 3 — Henry Howard
190 4 — Wm. D. Campbell
1905 — W. S. Carson, M. D.
190 6 — A. J. Keating

1907 — J. D. Stotlemeyer

1908 — H. R. Rudy
190 9— E. Riall White

1910 — J. P. Keating

1911 — W. M. Carson, M. D.

1912 — John G. Mclndoe

1913— W. H. Clarke

1914 — E. W. Hodson

1915 — C. K. Stotlemeyer

1916 — John I. Kelly

1917 — G. E. Pearce

1918 — R. E. L. Williamson

1919 — J. W. Dorman

1920-21 — W. K. Edwards

1922 — H. A. M. Dunning

1923 — J. H. Farlow
19 24 — A. C. Lewis

1925— A. N. Hewind

1926 — G. W. Colborn, Jr.

1927 — L. S. Williams

1928 — Wm. B. Spire
19 29 — L. M. Kantner

1930 — L. V. Johnson

1931 — A. F. Ludwig

193 2 — Chas. D. Routzahn

1933 — Melville Strashurger

193 4 — A. A. M. Dewing

193 5 — A. N. Hewing

1936-1937 — Lloyd N. Richardson

1938 — T. E. Ragland

193 9 — Elmer W. Sterling

1940 — Frank L. Black

1941 — Ralph C. Dudrow ^

1942 — Harry S. Harrison

1943 — Frederick B. Eason

1944 — Charles S. Austin, Jr.

1945 — Milton J. Fitzsimmons

1946 — Nelson G. Diener

1947 — Howard L. Gordy

1948 — ^William E. Waples

1949 — •Manuel B. Wagner ^

1950 — Arthur C. Harbaugh •

1951 — Otto W. Muehlhause

1952 — Hyman Davidov

1953 — Frank Macek

Secretaries

1883 — John W. Geiger

1884- 88 — M. L. Byers
1889-94 — John W. Geiger

1895 — J. F. Hancock

1896 — Henry Malsch

1897— 99 — Charles H. Ware

1900 — Louis Schulze

1901- 02 — Owen C. Smith

1903 — Louis Schulze

1904 — Owen C. Smith
190 5 — Louis Schulze
190 6 — Owen C. Smith
1907-1942— E. F. Kelly
1942-52 — Melville Strashurger
1953 — ^Joseph Cohen

Treoserers

1883-85 — E. Walton Russel
1886-94 — Samuel Mansfield

1895 — Henry B. Gilpin

1896- 98— D. M. R. Culbreth
1899-1900 — W. M. Fouch

1901 — J. R. Beck

1902- 05— H. R. Rudy

1906 — G. C. Wisotzki

1907- 13 — J. W. Westcott
1914-23— S. Y. Harris
1924-29— G. P, Hetz
1930-1936 — Harry S. Harrison
1937-1953 — J. F. Wannenwetsch

Editors

1925-1939 — Robert L. Swain 1953 — Joseph Cohen

1939-1952 — Melville Strashurger

188 ' The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

MARYLAND PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
ROLL OF MEMBERS

Active Members

(The following addresses are in Baltimore with Zone No. following
street, unless otherwise designated)

Aaronson, Alfred L . 3729 S. Hanover St., 25

Agnew, Max . 139 E. Main St., Frostburg, Md.

Albrecht, Walter E . 310 Maple Rd., Linthicum Heights, Md.

Alliker, Morris J . 1609 Rosedale St., 16

Ansell, Max S . 24 E. Madison St., 2

Apitz, Fred W . 6227 Charles Street Ave., 12

Applestein, Frank . 1045 N. Fulton Ave., 17

Applestein, Harry A . 3920 Fairview Ave., 16

Armstrong, Charles L . 3209 N. Calvert St., 18

Asbill, John L . Washington & Chesapeake Aves., Towson 4, Md.

August, Henry J . 6306 Eastern Ave., 24

Austin, Charles S., Jr . . 6729 York Rd., 12

Bailey, Halcolm S . Boardwalk & 7th Ave., Ocean City, Md.

Balassone, Frank S . . .6901 Belair Rd., 6

Barshack, Jack . 1431 Fuselage Ave., Middle River 20, Md.

Batie, A. Lester. . . 126 Washington Ave., Laurel, Md.

Batt, William H. . . . 814 Argonne Drive, 18

Bauer, John CV . . Box 151, Royal Oak, Md.

Beitler, Ben . . . 423 Patapsco Ave., 25

Beitler, Leionard . 4300 Ritchie Highway, 25

Belford, Joseph . . 1601 Edmondson Ave., 23

Beltsville Pharmacy . Beltsville, Md.

Berman, Frederic T . 3407 Hamilton Ave., 14

Binkley, L. H . 3 70 Main St., Laurel, Md.

Black, Frank L . 1030 N. Charles St., 1

Block, Frank . 1524 Cypress St., 26

Block, Samuel G . 2901 E. Baltimore St., 24

Block, Solomon G . 4623 Reisterstown Rd., 15

Blumberg, Ely T . 3526 Old York Rd., 18

Bluinson, Samuel S. . . . ; . . ;800 E. Baltimore St., 2

Bonaparte Pharmacy. . . 1221 Bonaparte Ave., 18

Brenner, Joseph . 1001 Seminary Rd., Silver Spring, Md.

Brice, C. Carroll, Jr . 110 West St., Annapolis, Md.

Brodsky, Emanuel M . 35 N. Milton Ave., 24

Brown, Evans E . 114 E. Main St., Elkton, Md.

Budacz, Frank M . . . 1744 Eastern Ave., 31

Bunting, George A . 4412 Charles Street Ave., 18

Caldwell, Thomas H. . . . 3038 Clifton Park Terrace, 13

Campbell, George D . 23 Main St., Lonaconing, Md.

Caplan, Carl C . . . .142 Eastern Ave., Essex 21, Md.

Capone, Guy C . 4032 Falls Rd., 11

Carmel, Joseph . 4352 Park Heights Ave., 15

Cavacos, Andrew T . . . 1001 W. 36th St., 11

Cermak, Jerome J . 3500 Pelham Ave., 13

The M ARY L Alf D PHARMACIST

180

Chandler, N. W . 7037 Defense Highway, Handover Hills, Md.

Chase Pharmacy . 17 W. Chase St., 1

Chatkin, Robert . 401 Summit Ave., Hagerstown, Md.

Cherry, Bernard . 4627 Harford Rd., 14

Clarke, William H . Pocomoke City, Md.

Cohen, Hershel . 201 W. Franklin St., 1

Cohen, Irving 1 . 5511 Oregon Ave., Arbutus 27, Md.

Cohen, Nathan . 1828 E. Baltimore St., 31

Cohen, Samuel . 1301 N. Charles St., 1

Cohen, Samuel C . 426 N. Greene St., 1

Cole, S. Charles . 3822 Ridgewood Ave., 15

Coleberg, Carl L . Preston, Md.

Community Drug Company . 3806 S. Four Mile Run Drive,

Arlington, Va.

Connor, T. F . 6933 Laurel Ave., Takoma Park, Md.

Connor, William J . Centreville, Md.

Cooley, William H . 201 Valley St., Cumberland, Md.

Cooper, Howard E . Bedford & Decatur Sts., Cumberland, Md.

Cooper, Morris L . Park & North Aves., 17

Coral Hills Pharmacy . 4707 Marlboro Pike, S.E., Wash., D.C.

Crandall, Charles R . 50 State Circle, Annapolis, Md.

Crozier, John A . 901 Curtain Ave., 18

♦Cwalina, Benjamin C. . 744 N. Kenwood Ave., 5

Danoff, Abe .

Davidov, Hyman . . .

Davidov, Louis .

Davidson, Meyer. . .

Davis, A .

Deans, John .

Dell, E. & Company
Dembo, Julius L. . . .
Diener, Nelson G. , .
Donnet, John .

. . . .1645 E. Baltimore St., 31

. 900 N. Charles St., 1

. 5115 Roland Ave., 10

. 935 N. Gay St, 5

. . . .4500 Edmondson Ave., 29

. Princess Anne, Md.

15 Belair Ave., Aberdeen, Md.

. 2200 Jefferson St., 5

. 4817 Pimlico Rd., 15

. 6712 Holabird Ave., 22

Dorsch, Joseph U . 3514 Edmondson Ave., 29

Drapkin, Leon 1 . 8472 Piney Branch Rd., S.ilver Spring, Md.

Drennen, J. Holly . 7 S. Main St., Port Deposit, Md.

Drukman, Herman B . 6651 Belair Rd., 6

Dudrow, Ralph C . 5221 Baltimore Ave., Hyattsville, Md.

Dunning, Charles A. (Dr.) . 1030 N. Charles St., 1

Dunning, Fitzgerald (Dr.) . 1030 Charles St., 1

Dunning, H. A. B. (Dr.) . 1030 N. Charles St, 1

Dunning, H. A. B., Jr . 1030 N. Charles St., 1

Eckhardt, Henry . 301 Marydell Rd., 29

Edlavitch, Sam . 1836 Edmondson Ave., 23

Eldridge, Arthur C. . .7200 North Point Rd., Sparrows Point 19, Md.
Englander, C. W . Alder & Second Sts., Oakland, Md.

Fadgen, Joseph . 1552 Gorsuch Ave., 18

Fainberg, Alvin Jay . 7054 Marlboro Pike, Dist. Hgts., Md.

Fedder, Donald . 201 Wise Ave., Dundalk 22, Md.

Fedder, Eli . 1210 Reisterstown Rd., Pikesville 8, Md.

Feldman, Charles W . 1535 W. Lexington St., 23

♦Deceased

190

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Feldman, Milton H . 900 N, Gilmor St., 17

Fink, Francis T. . .Martin Blvd. & Compass Rd., Middle River 20, Md.

Fink, Fred George W . 123 W. Baltimore St., 1

Fisher, George I. Jr . 1929 Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, Md.

Fitzsimmons, Milton J . Ellicott City, Md.

Flom, Isaac . 2245 E. Fayette St., 31

Fogg, Frank E . 216 Market St., Denton, Md.

Foss, Noel E. . .School of Pharmacy, Univ. of Md., 32 S. Greene St., 1

Foster, Carroll Pross . 6327 Belair Rd., Baltimore, 6

Francik, Joseph . Harford Ave. & Lanvale St., 13

Freed, Irving . 930 Whitelock St., 17

Freitag, H. Homer . 212 E. Cross St., 30

Fribush, Sidney . 5 W. Potomac St., Brunswick, Md.

Friedman, Albert . 1000 S. Sharp St., 30

Friedman, Gilbert 1 . 1531 Madison Ave., 17

Friedman, Milton A . 100 S. Poppleton St., 1

Friedman, Nathan . . .2701 Hammonds Ferry Rd., 27

Friedman, Nathan J . 701 N. Gay St., 2

Futeral, Mindel . 418 N. Gay St., 2

Futterman, Lillian . 1401 E. North Ave., 13

Gakenheimer, Albert C . 606 Providence Rd., Cockeysville 4, Md.

Gardner, M. F. . . 250 S. Washington St., 31

Gaver, Paul G . 100 W. University Pkwy., 10

Gitomer, David J. . . 105 Annapolis Rd., Glen Burnie, Md.

Glaser, Louis L . 511 Avondale Rd., Dundalk, 22

Gleiman, Irvin J. . . 1939 Madison Ave., 17

Gleiman, Theodore . 3900 Reisterstown Rd., 15

Glick, Harry . 134 Mosher St., 17

Goldfeder, Harold M . 5620 Edmonston Ave., Riverdale, Md.

Golditch, Henry M . . . 2447 E. Preston St., 13

Goldman, Harold K . North & Druid Hill Aves., 17

Goldsmith, Meyer . 1227 Pennsylvania Ave., 17

Goldstein, Isadore A . 628 E. Eager St., 2

Goldstein, Samuel W . 3904 Woodhaven Ave., 16

Gordon, Jack B. . . . 1801 W. Pratt St., 23

Gordon, Samuel . 1401 Edmondson Ave., 23

Gordy, Howard L . 313 E. Main St., Salisbury, Md.

Gould, William A . 3520 E. Lombard St., 24

Grau, Frank J . 743 S. Conkling St., 24

Greenberg, Harry . 5451 Belair Rd., 6

Greenberg, S. W . 4692 Suitland Rd., Wash. 20, D.C.

Greenfeld, Jacob . Poplar Grove & Lafayette Ave., 16

Greif, Daniel . 1625 Wilkens Ave., 23

Grossman, Bernard B . 1655 N. Monroe St., 17

Hahn, Albert G . 324 W. Saratoga St., 1

Hanks, Carleton W . 221 Maryland Ave., Cumberland, Md.

Harbaugh, Arthur C . 872 Mulberry Ave., Hagerstown, Md.

Harris, Morris . 218 E. Preston St., 2

Harrison, Harry S . 5003 Harford Rd., 14

Hayman, Albin A . . . Main & Lake Sts., Salisbury, Md.

Heer, Wilmer . . . 2724 Harford Rd., 18

Henderson, Marvin W. . . 7401 Harford Rd., 14

Hendler, L. Manuel . 1100 E. Baltimore St., 2

Hillman, Sidney . 4637 York Rd., 12

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

191

Hodge, W . 8701 Flower Ave., Silver Spring, Md.

Hoffman, Ashur . St. Paul & 33rd Sts., 18

Hoffman, Sylvan A . 2658 Huntingdon Ave., 11

Holmes, E. J . 3133 W. Belvedere Ave., 15

Homberg, Henri 1 . 900 N. Patterson Park Ave., 5

Hopkins, Charles H . 20 Baltimore St., Taneytown, Md.

Horine, Arlington G . 2 E. Potomac St., Brunswick, Md.

Horwitz, Isadore . 1654 N. Smallwood St., 16

Houser, Jacob W . Emmittsburg, Md.

Hudson, H. E . St. Michaels, Md.

Ivins, Edna . 18 W. Bel Air Ave., Aberdeen, Md.

Jeppi, Samuel P . 1515 Bloomingdale Rd., 16

Kahn, Reuben . 1722 Wilkens Ave., 23

Kalreuth, Clyde N . 4th & “D” Sts., Sparrows Point 19, Md.

Kaminski, Felix H . 3138 O’Donnell St., 24

Kammer, William H . 701 E. Preston St., 2

Kantner, Leahmer M . 2411 N. Charles St., 18

Karlin, David . 255 N. Payson St., 23

Karpa, Maurice J . 246 Burke Ave., Towson 4, Md.

Karr, William S . 720 Gladstone Ave., 10

Kaufman, Stanley L . 911 Beochfield Ave., Arbutus, 29

Kaufmann, Frank A. . .York Rd. & Chesapeake Ave., Towson 4, Md.

Kay’s Drug Store . Milton Ave. & Biddle St., 13

Kellough, Elmer R., Jr. . .Bedford & Decatur Sts., Cumberland, Md.

Kellough, G. Wilson . 3143 W. North Ave., 16

Kirson, Jerome . Gay St. corner Central Ave., 5

Kitchin, William Y . 60 West St., Annapolis, Md.

Klavens, Elmer . 800 W. Fayette St., 1

Klavens, Sidney R . 1117 Light St., 30

Klingel, Mrs. R. M . 101 Cheapside St., 2

Klotzman, A . 1041 Edmondson Ave., 23

Knepper, F. C . Green & Water Sts., Cumberland, Md.

Kobin, Ben . 1000 Cross St., Baltimore 30

♦Kramer, Charles . 1238 W. Mosher St., 17

Kramer, Leonard . 442 E. North Ave., 2

Kramer, Morris.. . 1801 W. Lanvale St., 23

Krantz, John C., Jr . Ellenham Rd., Ruxton 4, Md.

Kraus, L. H . Salisbury, Md.

Krieger, Max A . 7810 Harford Rd., 14

Krucoff, Maxwell . 1300 N. Fremont Ave., 17

Krusniewski,. B. A. . 901 Eastern Ave., Essex 21, Md.

Kubiak, Dolores Z . Salisbury Blvd., Salisbury, Md.

Lachman, Bernard B . 5024 Park Heights Ave., 15

Laken, Bernard B . 450 W. Biddle St., 1

Lambros Bros., Inc . 1538 W. Baltimore St., 23

Lamkin, Howard C . 1337 W. Lombard St., 23

Lathroum, Leo B . 735 E. 20th St., 18

Laurel Pharmacy . Laurel, Md.

Lawson & Sons . 5802 Baltimore Ave., Hyattsville, Md.

Lawson, Arnold . 3319 Gumwood Drive, Univ. Hills P.O.,

Hyattsville, Md.

♦Deceased

The M A RY L D PHARMACIST

Layden, William . 2140 W. Baltimore St., 23

Lazarus, Leon J . 401 Eastern Ave., 21

Lehr, Clarence G . 3708 Monterey Rd., 18

Lemler, Abraham A . 1401 W. Lanvale St., 17

Levin, Barry S . 2101 Garrison Blvd., 16

Levin, Bernard . 910 Leeds Ave., Carroll Station, 29

Levin, Norman J . 1407 Reisterstown Rd., Pikesville 8, Md.

Levinson, Henry . 7 21 Poplar Grove St., 16

Leyko, Gregory W. A . 2501 W. Baltimore St., 23

Libowitz, Aaron M . 4901 Belair Rd., 6

Lillich, Mrs. Anna L . 3 Center Place, Dundalk 22, Md.

Lindenbaum, Albert . 101 St. Helena Ave., 22

Lindenbaum, Morris . Reisterstown, Md.

Ludwig, Andrew F . 2838 Edmondson Ave., 23

Lynn, Norman B . 226 E. Diamond St., Gaithersburg, Md,

Lyon, G. Taylor . 330 St. John St., Havre de Grace, Md.

McComas, J. Ross . 8 622 Loch Raven Blvd., 4

McCormick & Co., Inc . Baltimore 2, Md.

McGinity, F. Rowland . Eastern & Ellwood Aves., 24

Macek, F. J . - . 1736 Aliceanna St., 31

Macks, Ben H, . . 436 Eastern Ave., Essex 21, Md.

Maginnis, W. Stuart, . 1400 N. Washington St., 13

Maisenhalder, Edward C . Belair, Md.

Malanowski, Benedict C . 2245 Eastern Ave., 31

Manheimer, Raymond B . 2502 Eutaw Place, 17

Marcus, Michael . . . 2021 W. Pratt St., 23

Marek, Anton C . . . . . . . 701 N. Lakewood Ave., 5

Markin, Samuel . 1730 N. Charles St., 1

Markley, Edwin B . 3701 Falls Rd., 11

Martin, Lester R . 54 N. Center St., Cumberland, Md.

Maryland Pharmaceutical Company . 2419 Greenmount Ave., 18

Mask, Jerome . . . 2701 Old North Point Rd., 22

Mayer, M. Victor . Charles & 34th Sts., 18

Mercer, Victor G . 12 N. Market St., Frederick, Md.

Mermelstein, David H . 1101 Myrtle Ave., 16

Messina, Julius . 3405 Bel Air Rd., 13

Middlekauff, Homer P, . . . 31 N. Potomac St., Hagerstown, Md.

Miller, Edward . 5432 Warsena Ave., 25

Miller, L. Dudley. . . . .105 W. Redwood St., 1

Mindell, Charles . . . 1201 E. North Ave., 2

Morgenroth, Victor H., Jr . 3700 Edmondson Ave., 29

Morgenstern, William. . . .2101 Gwynn Oak Ave., Woodlawn 7, Md.

Mouat, Gordon A . . . 3300 Greenmount Avk, 18

Mount Washington Pharmacy . South Rd. & Kelly Ave., 9

Muehlhause, Otto W. . . 4943 Belair Rd., 6

Myers, Lyndon B . Mt. Airy, Md.

Neun, Charles J . 301 E. Baltimore St., 2

Neutze, John F . . . 443 Evesham Ave., 12

Newman, David. . . .Union Ave. & Franklin St., Havre de Grace, Md.

Nitsch, Charles . 5 60 6 Main St., Elkridge, Md.

Norris, Earl M . . . 4706 Liberty Heights Ave,, 7

Ogrinz, Alex. J., Jr. . .
Ogurick, Alexander A

. 5306 York Rd., 12

4800 Park Heights Ave., 15

The M ARY L D PHARMACIST

O’Hara, John J.
Oken, Jack S. .
Orr, William H

2200 Fulton Ave., IT
.700 N. Broadway, 5
. . . .Lonaconing, Md.

Pa-dussis, Anthony . 6510 O’Donnell St., 24

Palmer, Mathias . 916 E. 36th St., 18

Parks, Isadore Jack . 1543 Pennsylvania Ave., 17

Pass, Victor E . 1645 N. Wolfe St., 13

Patterson, Walter J . 4123 Frederick Ave., 29

Pearson, Silas H . Greenbelt Consumer Services, Inc.,

Greenbelt, Md.

Pelovitz, Nathan . 1713 Edmondson Ave., Catonsville 28, Md.

Peoples Drug Stores, Inc . 18 W. Patrick St., Frederick, Md.

Peoples Drug Stores, Inc . 100 N. Market St., Frederick, Md.

Peoples Drug Stores, Inc.. .17 W. Washington St., Hagerstown, Md.

Peoples Drug Stores, Inc . 71 W. Franklin St., Hagerstown, Md.

Peoples Drug Stores, Inc . 74 Baltimore St., Cumberland, Md.

Peoples Drug Stores, Inc . 8315 Georgia Ave., Silver Spring, Md.

Peoples Drug Stores, Inc. . . .8627 Colesville Rd., Silver Spring, Md.
Peoples Drug Stores, Inc. .8503 Piney Branch Rd., Silver Spring, Md.

Peoples Drug Stores, Inc . 5318 Baltimore Ave., Hyattsville, Md.

Peoples Drug Stores, Inc . 3204 Hamilton Ave., Hyattsville, Md.

Peoples Drug Stores, Inc . 4821 Annapolis Rd., Bladensburg, Md.

Peoples Drug Stores, Inc . 7460 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda. Md.

Peoples Drug Stores, Inc . 7300 Washington-Baltimore BP-d.,

College Park, Md.

Peoples Drug Stores, Inc . 7663 New Hampshire Ave.,

Takoma Park, Md.

Peoples Drug Stores,, Inc . 118 Commerce Lane, Rockville, Md.

Peoples Drug Stores, Ihc. . .11305 Georgia Ave., Silver Spring, Md.

Peoples Drug Stores, Inc.

Peterka, Albert A .

Pfeifer, C. Edward. . . . .
Pierpont, Mervin G. . . . .

Pilson, R. A .

Pinsky, Herman H .

Piquett, Maude B .

Poltilove, Harvey .

Popluder, Nathan .

Porterfield, M. Perry. . . .

Porterfield, R. S .

Portney, Samuel .

Provenza, Stephen J. . . .

. 4670 Suitland Rd., Suitland. Md.

. 2900 McElderry St., 5

. 1201 Light St., 30

. 108 S. Hanover St., 1

. New Windsor, Md.

. 430 E. Baltimore St., 2

. 3211 Frederick Ave., 29

. 442 N. Fremont Ave., 1

. 2610 Harford Rd., 18

118 W. Washington St., Hagerstown, Md.

. Hamps-tead, Md.

. 551 N. Fulton Ave., 23

. 101 W. Read St., 1

Rachuba, Lawrence W . Fort Smallwood Rd., Pasadena, Md.

Ragland, T. Ellsworth . 2801 Guilford Ave., 18

Raichlen, Sam 1 . 3300 Keswick Rd., 11

Read Drug & Chemical Co . 1300 Race St., 30

Read Drug & Chemical Co. . 226 Washington St., Havre de Grace, Md.

Read Drug & Chemical Co . 101 Main St., Salisbury, Md.

Read Drug & Chemical Co . 15 E. Main St., Westminster, Md.

Read Drug & Chemical Co . 18 Washington St., Easton, Md.

Read Drug & Chemical Co . 176 Main St., Annapolis, Md.

Regimenti, V . 1820 Earhart Rd., Balto. 21, Md.

Rettaliata, Leo C . 2200 N. Charles St, 18

Rezek, George J . 1200 N. Patterson Park Ave., 13

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

194

Richardson, Lloyd N . IN. Main St., Bel Air, Md.

Richman, Jacob L . 3501 Harford Rd., 18

Richmond, Jerome . 1800 Pennsylvania Ave., 17

Robinson, Leon B . 2139 Pennsylvania Ave., 17

Rochester, Harry L . 5212 Reisterstown Rd., 15

Rodowskas, C. A . 616 Patapsco Ave., 25

Rose, Louis . 2401 E. Federal St., 13

Rosen, Donald . 5 002 Ritchie Highway, 25

Rosenberg, Jesse J . 2200 E. Baltimore St., 31

Rosenthal, Alvin W . 3527 Dolfield Blvd., 15

Rossberg, Charles, Jr . 2526 Washington Blvd., 30

Rossberg, William . 3321 Frederick Ave., 2 9

Ruddie, Israel M . 5300 Edmondson Ave., 29

Rudy, Harry R., Jr . 16 N. Jonathan St., Hagerstown, Md.

Saks, Joseph H . 10131 Colesville Rd., Silver Spring, Md.

Sappe, Milton J . Washington Blvd. & Ostend St., 30

Sapperstein, Edward J . 449 E. 25th St., 18

Sapperstein, Jacob H . Cockeysville, Md.

Sapperstein, Louis . 241 N. Lakewood Ave., 24

Savage, Walter T . Berlin, Md.

Schapiro, Abraham . 4601 Park Heights Ave., 15

Schapiro, Harry S . Joppa Road at Old Harford Rd., 14

Scheinker, W. H . Monroe & Mosher Sts., 17

Schmidt, Charles J., Jr . 1600 S. Charles St., 30

Schmidt, George M . . Elkton, Md.

Schmitt, Fred J .

Schnaper, Morton J .

Schrader, Harry L .

Schucalter, Harry B .

Schucalter, Morris E .

Schulte, C. J. A., Jr .

Schulte, F. W., Jr .

Schumer, Jack .

Schuster, John N .

Schwartz, Theodore .

Schwatka, W. Herdman, Jr.

Seechuk, William W .

Seldeen, Martin .

Sencindiver, Judson H. . . .
Shapiro, Joseph W .

. 55 E. Main St., Westminster, Md.

.6900 Arlington Rd., Bethesda 14, Md.

. 347 S. Smallwood St., 23

. 920 Washington Blvd., 30

. 452 E. 28th St., 18

. 1801 W. North Ave., 17

. 685 Washington Blvd., 30

. 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., 17

. 3701 Belair Rd., 13

. 1561 N. Fulton Ave., 17

. 2300 Edmondson Ave., 23

. 5814 Belair Rd., 6

11401 Georgia Ave., Silver Spring, Md.

. Cockeysville, Md.

. 1832 E. Monument St., 5

Shaw, J. H . 5136 Harford Rd., 14

Shenker, Morris. .Harundale Shopping Center, Glen Burnie P.O., Md.

Shields, Arthur P . 6410 Frederick Ave., Catonsville 28, Md.

Shpritz, Stuart . 864 W. North Ave., 17

Shure’s Drug Store . 5301 York Rd., 12

Siegel, Harold . 624 Cherry Hill Rd., 25

Silbert, Andrew W . 41 Lloyd St., 2

Silberg, Harvey G . 1800 E. Monument St., 5

Silverman, Albert M . 3325 E. Baltimore St., 24

Silverman, Sylvan Bernard . 1001 N. Broadway, 5

Simon, Alder . North Ave. & Charles St., 1

Singer, George D . . 4717 Eastern Ave., 24

Smith, Amelia (Mrs.) . 110 Main St., Annapolis, Md.

Smith, B. T. Company, Inc . Charles St. at Biddle St., 1

Smulovitz, Irvin . 631 W. Lexington St.. 1

The M A RY L D PHARMACIST

1!):)

Smulson, Milton M . 299 Willow Spring Rd., Dundalk 22, Md.

Snyder, Paul J . 524 N. Gay St., 2

Sober, Norman . 1005 Patapsco Ave., 25

Sollod, Joseph A . . 2142 W. North Ave., 17

Soiled, Sylvan Jay . 635 E. Fort Ave., 30

Solomon, Samuel . 1342 Pennsylvania Ave., 17

Solomon, Simon . 1342 Pennsylvania Ave., 17

Sowbel, Irving . 938 E. Preston St., 2

Spittel, Robert J . Frederick & Newburg Aves., 28

Stam, L. W . 215 E. High St., Chestertown, Md.

Stauffer, L. E . Union Bridge, Md.

Sterling, Alonzo . Chestertown, Md.

Sterling, Elmer W . Church Hill, Md.

Stiffman, George J . 1001 N. Charles St., 1

Stiffman, Jerome A . 2914 E. Oliver St., 13

Stofberg, Charles . 5658 The Alameda, Balto., Md.

Stofberg, Robert . 1401 E. Cold Spring Lane, 12

Stoler, Myer . 101 N. Ellwood Ave., 24

Sussman, Hyman J . 3601 Park Heights Ave., 15

Swain, Robert L . 330 W. 42nd St., New York 18, N.Y.

Swiss, Frank L . 3001 E. Monument St., 5

Tennant, Margaret S . . .801 W. 36th St., 11

Thomas & Thompson . 101 E. Baltimore St., 2

Thomas, Oscar B . . 2445 N. Charles St., 18

Thompson, J. West . Centreville, Md.

Tompakov,_ Sylvan . . 8 N. Calvert St., 2

Truitt Drug Company . 238 Virginia Ave., Cumberland, Md.

Truitt, J. Walter . 102 N. Main St., Federalsburg, Md.

Ulman, Bernard . 314 Light St., 2

Vinson, R. W . Montgomery Ave., & Perry St., Rockville, Md.

Vojik, Edward C . 900 S. Ellwood Ave., 24

Wagner’s Drug Store. .
Wagner, Raphael H. . . .

Walb, Winfield A .

Walman, Morris R .

Wannenwetsch, John F.

Waples, William E .

Webster, S. Earl .

Weiner, David .

Weiner, Solomon .

Weltner, William .

Wertheimer, Samuel . . .
White, Edward Riall, Jr,

Whitesell, E. E .

Whittlesey, W. H .

Wich, Carlton E .

Wich, Henry E .

Wiener, Maurice .

Winn, Solomon .

Witzke, Louis H . .

Woodside Pharmacy . . .

. Westernport, Md.

. 400 W. Baltimore St., 1

. 6002 Harford Rd., 14

. 6715 Reisterstown Rd., 15

. 4123 Frederick Ave., 29

. 3200 Guilford Ave., 18

. 24 Poplar St., Cambridge, Md.

. 5500 Gwynn Oak Ave., 7

. 5501 Reisterstown Rd., 5

. 2101 W. North Ave., 17

. .33 N. Liberty St., Cumberland, Md.
Main & St. Peters Sts., Salisbury, Md.

. Damascus, Md.

. .7135 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda, Md.

. 307 N. Ellwood Ave., 24

. 1230 N. Strieker St., 17

. 3527 Dolfield Ave., 15

. 2540 E. Fayette St., 24

. 1201 Linden Ave., 17

. 8301 Harford Rd., 14

Zentz, Milton E . 5460 Park Heights Ave., 15

Zervitz, Max . 1300 N. Caroline St., 13

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

IVG

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS

Andrews, Marvin J . 1020 W. 94th St., Chicago 20, Ill.

Appel, William J . 8102 Glen Gray Rd., 4

Bernardini, Joseph R . 4004 Edmondson Ave., 29

Boyd, William M . 2930 Silver Hill Rd., 7

Brager, Maurice B . 408 S. Hanover St., 1

Buck, Robert Lee . 128 Brightside Ave., Pikesville 8, Md.

Celler, Max . 8216 Larry Place, Chevy Chase, Md.

Chick, Stephen . 125 Scott St., 1

Cole, Miss B. Olive . School of Pharmacy, University of Md.,

32 S. Greene St., Balto. 1, Md,

Cooper, Miss Jane C . Chestertown, Md.

Cragg, James J., Jr . 4402 Adelle Terrace, 29

Crane, Richard R . 6007 Eurith Ave., 6

Dean, Charles C . 928 Grant Place, Washington 1, D.C.

DeDominicis, Miss Amelia C . 2621 E. Madison St., 5

Dembeck, Walter D . 27 N. Milton Ave., 24

Eby, William H . 704 Springfield Ave., 12

Ehrlich, Meyer . 4004 W. Garrison Ave., 16

Feit, Leon . 3921 Norfolk Ave., 7

Fitts, Robert H., Jr . 5604 Bland Ave., Balto. 16, Md.

Folckemmer, C. W . 2011 Northbourne Rd., Balto., Md.

Franzoni, F. Royce . 3508 N. Abingdon St., Arlington, Va.

Friedman, Charles S . 2513 Liberty Heights Ave., 15

Gaboff, Benjamin . 20 N. High St., 2

Getka, Milton S . 4512 Manordene Rd., Apt. D., 29

Glennan, Harry E . 3102 Acton Rd., 14

Gould, Clarendon Lloyd . 201 Somerset Ave., Cambridge, Md.

Hager, George P . School of Pharmacy, University of Md.

32 S. Greene St., 1

Halpern, Samuel M . 5431 Lynview Ave., 15

Hansen, Herman F. . . 101 W. Read St., 1

Hartung, Walter . Box 1365, Chapel Hill, N.C.

Helm, Emory G . 27 Delrey Ave., 28

Hilliard, M. E . 510 Woodside Rd., 29

Ijams, Plummer A.

3702 Mohawk Ave., 7

Jaslow, Morris E . 3608 Clarks Lane, 16

Joseph, J. Gilbert . 1513 Eutaw Place, 17

Kahler, Mrs. E. G. L. _

Kelly, Kenneth . .

Kerr, C. Raymond .

Kirk, Miss Catherine E. . .
Klingaman, Claude R. . .
Klotzman, Capt. Robert H,

Koenig, Frederick W. . . .
Koskoski, Robert S . .

. . . .2626 W. Cold Spring Lane, 16

. Seminary Ave., Texas, Md.

. Easton, Md.

. Rising Sun, Md.

. Bel Air, Md.

. 1701 Medical Group,

Great Falls A. F. Base, Montana

. 3915 Overlea Ave., 6

. 1218 Maiden Choice Lane, 29

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

197

Kostas, George A . Camp Pickett, Va.

Kreis, George J . RFD No. 1, Hampstead, Md.

Kursvietis, Anthony J . 119 6 Homer St., Memphis, Tenn.

Levine, Jay E . 4002 Kathland Ave., 7

London, Samuel . 3602 Cedardale Rd., 16

Lowry, W. J . 2611 Garrison Blvd., 16

McCormick, Charles E . 3402 Cedardale Rd., 15

McKenna, W. C . 3902 Hadley Square, West, 18

Meyers, Macey . 2822 W. Garrison Ave., 15

Milio, Frank R . 2800 Ashland Ave., 5

Morris, Irvin . 4027 Garrison Ave. W., 15

Munzert, Leonard G . 3826 Van Ness St., N.W.,

Washington, D.C.

Murphy, Dennis A . 1711 Northern Pkwy., 12

Neumann, Joseph J . 601 Linnard St., 29

Ohlendorf, Albert

2509 Pickwick Rd., 7

Phillips, James (Mrs.)
Piraino, Vincent J. . .
Pivec, John James. . .
Platt, Marvin Stanley.
Pumpian, Paul A. . . .
Purdum, W. Arthur .

. 3 4 Nunnery Lane, 28

. 1722 Lakeside Ave., 18

. . . .323 St. Dunstans Rd., 12

. 3808 Boarman Ave., 15

. 4811 Lanier Ave., 15

The Johns Hopkins Hospital,
601 N. Broadway, 5

Reindollar, William F,
Requard, :Mward F. .
Rockman, Louis M. . .
Rockman, Morris. . . .
Rosenfeld, Albert. . . .
Rosenstein, Aaron. . .

5701 Stony Run Drive, 10
, . . . .301 Tuscany Rd., 10
.5016 Pembridge Ave., 15

. 4102 Belle Ave., 15

..99 Smithwood Ave., 28
. . . .2021 Bryant Ave., 17

Santoni, Daniel A .

Schenker, Norman .

Schmidt, J. Edward .

Schuster, Gerald .

Scigliano, John A .

Seward, William Webster

Shea, John W .

Snellinger, John Ernest. .

Sonnenburg, Charles E. . ,

Strauch, Joseph .

Strauss, Leo .

Street, M. E .

. 4221 Loch Raven Blvd., 18

. 4831 Reisterstown Rd., 15

. 310 6 White Ave., 14

. 3607 Fernhill Ave., 15

. R. D. No. 2, Myersville, Md.

. Berlin, Md.

. . .73 W. Main St., Frostburg, Md.

. St. Johns Lane, RFD No. 2,

Ellicott City, Md.

. 5 830 Edmondson Ave., 28

. 1626 Northbourne Rd., 12

4437 S. First St., Arlington 4, Va.
. Bel Air, Md.

Teramini, Joseph Anthony . 107 S. Rochester Place, 24

Vogel, George W . 4412 Ethland Ave., 7

Vogel, Walter W . Apt. 611, 3100 St. Paul St., 18

Waltz, George H . 3816 Grantley Rd., 15

Warfield, H. Nelson . 1300 Race St., 30

Wharton, John C . 713 Alvin Ave., Salisbury, Md.

Whittemore, Edwin . 3817 Belair Rd., 6

Williams, William 0 . 27 Shady Nook Ave., Catonsville 28, Md.

198

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Wolf, G. Ernest . 6903 Belair Rd., 6

Wolfe, James J . 313 E. 30th St., 18

Zepp, W. S . 414 S. Rolling Rd., Catonsville 28, Md.

Zink, William P., Sr . Rocks, Md.

Honorary Members

Adams, Walter D . Forney, Texas

Baker, Henry F . Baltimore, Md.

Byrd, Harry C . College Park, Md.

Heatwole, T. O . Baltimore, Md.

Kebler, Lyman F . Washington, D.C.

Torsch, Miss S. J . Baltimore, Md.

Tydings, Millard E . Washington, D.C.

Life Members

Marmor, Joseph P . 18 S. Market St., Frederick, Md.

Smith, Owen C . 209 Mt. Vernon Ave., Chestertown, Md.

Wagner, Manuel B . 7307 Seven Mile Lane, Balto. 8, Md.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

199

TRAVELERS' AUXILIARY
of tho

MARYLAND PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION

OFFICERS OF THE T. A. M. P. A. SINCE ORGANIZATION

Presidents

1916 — Edward M. Duvall

1917- 18 — Walter S. Read

1919 — Charles C. Neal

1920- 21 — L. Manuel Handler
19 2 2-24 — Clifford Southall

1925-26 — Donald E. Steiner

1927 — Chas. L. Armstrong

1928 — Edward W. Piper
19 29 — Carl C. Manchester

1930 — Edward F. Requard

1931 — Walter H. Hollingshead
193 2 — Kenneth F. Love

193 3 — Milton J. Keppler
193 4 — Thomas H. Hoy

1935 — L. B. Wright

1936 — A. G. Leatherman

1937 — H. H. Goldscheider

1938 — W, Norris Busick

1939 — George E. Thumser

1940 — Harry A. Zears
1941_T. R. Offenbacher

1942 — James H. Fagan

1943— E. T. Crews

1944 — George C. Weyprecht

1945 — L.M.Rockman
1946_Walter W. Vogel

1947 — John K. Stumpf, Jr.

1948 — -J. A. Crozier

1949 — Luther C. Dawson

1950— J. William Gehring

1951— Joseph A. Binko, Sr.

1952 — Thomas J. Kelly

1953 — Arthur W. Shay

Vice-Presidents

19 24 — Donald E. Steiner

1925 — Fletcher L. Duff

1926 — Charles L. Armstrong

1927 — Edward W. Piper

1928 — Carl C. Manchester
19 29 — Edward F. Requard

1930— Walter H. Hollingshead

1931 — Kenneth F. Love
193 2 — M. J. Keppler
1933 — Thomas H. Hoy
193 4 — L. B. Wright

193 5 — A. G. Leatherman
193 6 — H. H. Goldscheider
193 7 — W. Norris Busick
193 8 — George E. Thumser

1939 — Harry A. Zears

1940 — T. R Offenbacher

1941 — James H. Fagan

1942 — E. T. Crews

1943 — Nathan Burman

1944 — L. M. Rockman

1945 — W. W. Vogel

194 6 — John K. Stumpf, Jr.
19 47 — J. A. Crozier
19 48 — Luther C. Dawson

1949 — J. William Gehring

1950 — Joseph A. Binko, Sr.

1951— Thomas J. Kelly

1952— Arthur W. Shay

1953 — Joseph J. Hugg

Secretary-Treasurers

1916-19 — J. H. E. Catlin, Secy. 1926-28 — Edward F. Requard
1916-21 — Walter L. Pierce, Treas. 1929-5 3 — Emory J. Helm
1920-25 — Harry H. Hoffman

(Office combined in 1921)

T.A.M.P.A. MEMBERSHIP LIST AS OF SEPTEMBER 23, 1953

Isadore M. (Meadowgold Ice Cream) Abrams. .3003 N. Hilton St., 16

M. J. (Meadowgold Ice Cream) Abrams . 1736 E. Pratt iSt., 31

William (Overbrook Egg Nog) Abrams . 32 S. Hanover St., 1

Melvin J. (Overbrook Egg Nog) Agrams. . . .3917 Glengyle Ave., 15
James E. (H. B. Gilpin Co.) Allen. . .411 S. Capital St., Wash. 3, D.C.
Charles L. (Richard Hudnut) Armstrong. . . .3209 N. Calvert St., 18

200

The M A RYLAlSlD PHARMACIST

Albert E. (iStandard Pharmaceutical) Barker. .6601 Lock Hill Rd., 12
John K. (Becton, Dickinson Co.) Barry. . . .200 Oak Forest Place, 28
Frank (American Greeting Cards) Bartucca. .6471 Blenheim Rd., 12

Elvin E. (Hendler Creamery) Beard . 603 Carysbrook Rd., 8

Charles (H. B. Hunter Co., Inc.) Becker . 24 Oaklee Village, 29

S. M. Behrend . .7400 Harding Ave., Wash. Aparts., Miami Beach, FI.
Harry F. (Belsinger Signs) Belsinger . . . .1101-09 N. Payson St., 17

Julius (Meadowgold Ice Cream) Berlin . 1736 E. Pratt St., 31

Elmer H. (Owens Illinois Glass Co.) Biles

1809 First Nat’l. Bank Bldgi, 2

Albert J. (Binko Photo Labs.) Binko . 317 S. East Ave., 2 4

Joseph A. (Binko Photo Labs.) Binko . 317 S. East Ave., 24

Ralph (Page & iShaw) Birmingham . 322 Dunkirk Rd., 12

G. Abbott (Wm. Boucher & Sons) Boucher. .213 E. Baltimore St., 2

B. Dorsey (Coca Cola) Boyle. . 1120 Mathieson Bldg., 2

Maurice B. (Brager Display Center) Brager. . . .408 S. Hanover St., 1

George M. (Youngs Rubber Corp.) Brandt . 8042 Liberty Rd., 7

Robert (F. A. Davis & Sons) Breschkin . 400 Brook Rd., 4

Norman E. (Scholl Mfg. Co.) Brown. .131 Edgewater Apartments, 21

Randolph O. (H. B. Gilpin Co.) Brown . 1050 W. Barre St., 30

George A. (Noxzema Chem. Co.) Bunting. . . .4412 N. Charles St., 18

Nathan Burman . 5805 Jonquil Ave., 15

Roy G. (Owens Illinois Glass Co.) Burton,

c/o Owens Illinois Glass Co. Rx Ware Division, Toledo, Ohio

Joseph A. (Muth Bros. & Co.) Buser . 605 Nottingham Rd., 29

W. Norris (Borden Ice Cream) Busick. . . .2944 Wyman Parkway, 11
Dr. H. C. Byrd . College Park, Md.

Howard R. (National Pharmaceuticals) Campbell,

7530 Twelfth St., N.W., Washington, D.C.
Kenneth G. (Koontz Creamery) Caple . . . .5600 Reisterstown Rd, 15

Walter (H. B. Gilpin Co.) Collier, Jr . 4918 Cordelia Ave., 15

Richard R. (Armour & Co.) Crane . 6007 Eurith Ave., 6

E. T. Crews . 1134 Shady Lane Drive, Orlando, Florida

W. S. (H. K. Wampole Co.) Crichton . 812 Kingston Rd., 12

John A. (Calvert Drug Co.) Crozier. .Manor Rd., RFD, Glenarm, Md.

Maurice J. (Zonite Sales Co.) Crump . 3306 Clifton Ave., 16

John L. (Emerson Drug Co.) Cunzeman, Jr . 5822 Keith Walk, 12

William E. Devers . 15 Florida Rd., 4

Arnold L. (Schenly Labs.) Dickman . 4508 Fairview Ave., 16

Charles (Merck & Co.) Duvoisin . 704 Winans Way, 29

J. Sherman (Koontz Creamery) Ensor. . .5600 Reisterstown Rd., 15

John R. (Gosman Co.) Etridge . 2 901 Alameda Boulevard, 18

Harry S. (Loewy Drug Co.) Ettlin . 3926 Annellen Rd., 15

George S. (Hendler Creamery) Euler . . . .526 Charing Cross Rd., 29

James H. (Borden Ice Cream) Fagan . 1527 Pentridge Rd., 12

Leo J. (McDowell, Pyle Co.) Falter . 3127 Normount Ave., 16

Jack W. (Magnus, Maybee & Reynard) Felton, Jr.

Box 316, Knoxville, Tenn.
Vernon D. (C. & P. Telephone Co.) Fergusson

611 Brookwood, Rd., 29

I. M. (Pfeiffer Mfg. Co.) Fischer, Jr . Alhambra Aparts., 17

Paul I. (Folkemer Photo Service) Folkemer.925 Poplar Grove St, 16
Paul J. (Delvale Dairies) Foreman . 332 Ridge Ave., 4

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

201

Ernest H. (Austin Packing Co.) Fox... 2930 Washington Blvd., 30

Albert K. (Delvale Dairies) French, Jr . 219 W. Joppa Rd., 4

James E. France, Sr . 616 Highland Ave., 4

W. Minson (Mallinckrodt Chem. Works) Frayser

4828 Morrison Rd., Richmond 28, Va.

Morton M. (Stoppette Co.) Foster . 4411 Atwick Rd., 10

Jack (Jay Drug Co.) Frieman . 1602 John St., 17

Oscar W. (Eli Lilly Co.) Funk. . .502 Albee Bldg., Washington, D.C.

J. Wm. (Walsh & Koehler Glass Co.) Gehring

5 620 Greenspring Ave., 9

Morris (National Drug Co.) Giller . 3906 Cedardale Rd., 15

Bernard E. (Loewy Drug C!o.) Gisriel . 607 Dunkirk Rd., 12

Charles B. (McDowell, Pyle Co.) Gochnauer. . . .903 Old Oak Rd., 12
Henry H. (Meadowgold Ice Cream) Goldscheider

2 D. Cylburn Court Aparts., 17
Herbert B. (Miller Drug Sundry Co.) Goldstein

3906 Glengyle Ave., 15
Lee A. (H. B. Gilpin Co.) Gordy. .Ocean City Rd. 4, Salisbury, Md.

Wilfred C. (Delvale Dairies) Gosnell . 3621 Kimble Rd., 18

William M. (J. F. Hancock Co.) Gould . 521 W. Lombard St., 1

William L. (Miller Drug Sundry Co.) Grove. . . .49 Lyndale Ave., 6

Seth W. (Delvale Dairies) Heartfield . 2030 Harford Rd., 18

Emory G. Helm . 2 7 Del Rey Ave., 28

Jack R. (Ansco Films) Helsel . . . .354 Oaklee Village, 29

Albert (Hendler Creamery) Hendler . 1100 E. Baltimore St., 2

Benj. R. (Hendler Creamery) Hendler . 1100 E. Baltimore St., 2

L. Manuel (Hendler Creamery) Hendler. . . .1100 E. Baltimore St., 2

L. Louis (Abbott Labs.) Hens . 7113 Rich Hill Rd., 12

Ralston C. (Johnston (^Jhocolates) Hewitt

352 St. Johns Place, Brooklyn 38, N.Y.
Albert (Gilt Edge Photo Service) Heydemann

4208 Groveland Ave., 15

E. E. (Lane, Inc.) Hinson . Box 258, Upper Darby, Pa.

George H. (Lance Inc.) Hoddinott, Jr . 5403 Leith Rd., 12

Harry H. (H. B. Gilpin Co.) Hoffman. .5-lH Broadview Aparts., 10

Walter H. (Ruse & Co.) Hollingshead . 808 Low St., 2

Thomas H. (Borden Ice Cream) Hoy . 446 Aisquith St., 2

R. Gordon (A. H. Robbins Co.) Hoy . 1437 Cedarcroft Rd., 12

William B. (Borden Ice Cream) Hubbard. . . .701 Northern Pkwy., 12

Joseph J. (Calvert Drug Co.) Hugg . 1212 Cochran Ave., 12

William J. Hutchinson . 2913 Huntingdon Ave., 11

Plummer A. Ijams . 3702 Mohawk Ave., 7

James D. (Owens Illinois Glass Co.) Irwin

1809 First Nat'l. Bank Bldg., 2

Richard (Faultless Rubber Co.) Jablin . 5902 Fenwick Ave., 12

Robert T. (International Cellucotton Co.) Jerome. .3611 Essex Rd., 7
Howard C. (H. B. Gilpin Co.) Johanson . 509 Worcester Rd.,’ 4

Rennert H. (Binko Photo Labs.) Kane. . . .6912 Eastbrook Ave., 24

Richard R. (Coca Cola) Kane . 5002 Norwood Ave., 7

Harold (E. R. Squibb & Sons) Katcoff . 5410 Nelson Ave., 15

Thomas J. (Johnson & Johnson) Kelly . 4810 Laurel Ave., 15

Milton J. (E. L. Patch Co.) Keppler

Apt. 22, Concord Hall Aparts. 3 Concord Ave., Cambridge, 38, Mass.

202

The M ARY L D PHARMACIST

Howard W. (P. Lorrilard Co.) Kerr . Box 116, Old Court Rd., 7

Robert B. (Howard Drug & Med. Co.) Kettlewell

601 Dunkirk Rd., 12

Royston (Laco Products) Kirkwood. .Apt. 947, 3501 St. Paul St., 18
Walter C. (F. A. Davis & Sons) Kirwan. . . .1530 Stonewood Rd., 12

Allen (Yardley, Inc.) Laing, Jr.. .6815 Selkirk Dr., Bethesda, 14, Md.
Howard C. (J. J. Lamkin Son) Lamkin. . .133 7 W. Lombard St., 23

Ben (Peps.i-Cola Bottling Co.) Lapides . 400 Key Highway, 30

Morton (Suburban Club Carbonated Bev. Co.) Lapides

1838 N. Patterson Park Ave., 13

A. G. (Eli Lilly Co.) Leatherman . 2 Ridge Rd., 2 8

Newell L. (Norwich Pharm. Co.) Lenham.Box 6743, Baltimore 4, Md.

Jack (Hendler Creamery) Levin . 2523 Reisterstown Rd., 17

Louis (Meadowgold Ice Cream) Levy . 3311 Shelburne Rd., 8

Charles H. (Eaton Labs.) Lilly . 1526 Orlando Rd., 14

Frederick W. (Abbott Dairies) Lindsey . 3613 Woodlea Ave., 14

Sidney (Flo Ball Pen Co.) London . 4901 York Rd., 12

Henry W. (Allen, Son & Co.) Loock . 14 E. Lombard St., 2

John A. (Delvale Dairies) Louis . 53 Burleigh Rd., 4

William B. (F. A. Davis & Sons) Lounge. . . .2218 Christian St., 23
Kenneth F. (Stephen F. Whitman Co.) Love. . . .Ill Enfield Rd., 12

John F. (McCambridge & McCambridge) McCambridge

6400 Rhode Island Ave., Riverdale, Md.
Frank C. (Parke, Davis &, Co.) McCrystle, Jr.. .404 W. Joppa Rd., 4
Charles E. (Borden Ice Cream) McKeldin. . .3139 Woodring Ave., 18

William C. (Emerson Drug Co.) McKenna . 705 Linnard St., 29

W. Victor (E. L. Patch Co.) Maconachy, Jr . 4215 Euclid Ave., 29

Carl C. Manchester . 401 Allegheny St., Hollidaysburg, Pa.

Alexander M. (Amer. Druggist Fire Ins. Co.) Mayer

3335 Dolfield Ave., 15

Israel Mendelsohn (Barre Drug Co.) . 3926 Penhurst Ave., 15

Andrew W. (Standard Distillers) Merle . 401 Overhill Rd., 10

L. Dudley (Miller Drug Sundry Co.) Miller. .105 W. Redwood St., 1

Maurice E. (Delvale Dairies) Miller . 2030 Harford Rd., 18

Frank R. (Muth Bros. & Co.) Mills . 5806 Gwynn Oak Ave., 7

Thomas F. (Park Circle Motor Co.) Mullen. .1361 Pentridge Rd., 12
Marvin E. (B. C. Headache Powders) Murph. . . .5619 Wayne Ave., 7

Edwards. (Muth Bros. & Co.) Muth, Jr . 212 Murdock Rd., 12

Joseph L. (Muth Bros. & Co.) Muth . 244 Blenheim Rd., 12

William F. (Meadowgold Ice Cream) Nadisch . .3705 Hillsdale Rd., 7
Samuel (Meadowgold Ice Cream) Nadisch. . . .1736 E. Pratt St., 31

Michael (A.D.S.) Neufeld . 4002 Carlisle Ave., 16

Fred J. (H. B. Gilpin Co.) Neumann . 8 Wyndcrest Ave., 28

Vernon M. (Wildroot Co., Inc.) Norman. . . .Fork Rd., Baldwin, Md.
David L. (American Hygienic Co.) Norwitz

10401 Barrie Ave., Silver Spring, Md.

Harry K. (Hendler Creamery) Oliver . 1100 E. Baltimore St., 2

Leo E. (Bowers & Ottenheimer) . 708 N. Howard St., 1

S. Kaufman (Bowers & Ottenheimer) . 22 Randall Ave., 8

George O. (Richardson Sales Corp.) Paff . Druid Park Apts., 15

Wilmer (Stanback Co.) Parker. .224 N. Division St., Salisbury, Md.
Roy O. (McKesson, Robbins Co.) Peterson

Inglewood, College Ave., Ellicott City, Md.

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

203

Lane E. (Overbrook Eggnog) Peterson . 32 S. Hanover St., 1

Gordon L. (Sealright Co., Inc.) Phillips

1041 Morgan Ave., Drexel Hill, Pa.

Walter L. Pierce . 2332 N. Calvert St., 18

Mervin G. (Loewy Drug Co.) Pierpont . 108 S. Hanover St., 1

William M. (Loewy Drug Co.) Pierpont . 108 S. Hanover St., 1

. Edward W. Piper . Montrose Ave., Baltimore, 12

Frederick H. (Bristol, Myers Co.) Plate

Seminary Ave., RPD 8, Baltimore, 4

Charles A. Platzer . Box 265, Glen Burnie, Md.

John H. (Plough Sales) Price . 3007 Christopher Ave., 14

J. Stanley (WBAL) Probst . 213 Tuscany Rd., 10

Eugene A. (Delvale Dairies) Puckett . 2900 Sylvan Ave., 14

Charles P. (McDowell, Pyle & Co.) Pyle . 221 W. Pratt St., 1

W. Horace (Burrough Bros. Co.) Raines . 2607 N. Calvert St., 18

Bernard J. (Bauer & Black) Rafferty . 8309 Lock Raven Blvd., 4

Roy T. (H. S. Todd Co.) Rayne. .530 Washington St., Salisbury, Md.
H. Sheeler (E. B. Read & Sons Co.) Read. . . .5505 Fernpark Ave., 7

Spencer (Kelling Nut Co.) Reed . 5008 Broadmoor Road, 12

Ralph E. (Eli Lilly Co.) Reynolds

10103 McKenney Ave., Apt. 303, Silver Spring, Md.
Edward F. (F. A. Davis & Sons) Requard. . . .301 Tuscany Road, 10

Charles O. Reville, Sr . 4408 Marble Hall Road, Apart 310, 18

Brant E. (Borden Ice Cream) Roberts . 446 Aisqutth St., 2

James W. (H. B. Gilpin Co.) Roberts

7509 Courtland Place, Norfolk, Va.
Louis M. (National Pharmaceuticals) Rockman

5005 Pembridge Ave., 15
Morris J. (National Pharmaceuticals) Rockman. .4102 Belle Ave., 15
Laurance A. (Hendler Creamery) Rorapaugh . . .39 Upmanor Rd., 29

John E. (Merck & Co.) Ross, Jr. . . 1534 Sherwood Ave., 18

Ralph (Eversharp-Schick) Rothe . 1100 Frederick Ave., 28

Maurice Rovner . . 4304 Park Heights Ave., 15

Stephen W. (Calci-Pil Co.) Ruth . 2240 W. Baltimore St., 23

Marcus (Meadowgold Ice Cream) Satou . 3921 Wabash Ave., 15

Robert M. Searles . 4 69 Blodgett St., Manchester, N.H.

Lloyd (Amer. Safety Razor Co.) Siegel. . .2805 Forest View Ave., 14
M. Martin (Parkville Photo Supplies) Settler . .7719 Harford Rd., 14

Arthur W. (Parke, Davis & Co.) Shay . Ridgemede Aparts., 10

Alfred M. (General Supply Co.) Slattery . 613 N. Eutaw St., 1

William J. (General Supply Co.) Slattery . 613 N. Eutaw St., 1

Leo J. (H. B. Gilpin Co.) Sommers . 300 W. Lombard St., 1

Fletcher E. (Charles Pfizer Co.) Spann. . . .Sunshine Ave., Fork, Md.
E. Donald (Gillette Safety Razor Co.) Spedden

3 710 Barrington Rd., 15
C. Wilson (Calvert Drug Co.) Spilker . Boyce Ave. & Overbrook Rd., 4

Norval G. (Murray Coates) Spurrier . 7 7 S. Morley St., 29

Robert W. (Bauer & Black) Stanley

9 6 W. Stratford Ave., Lansdowne, Pa.
John F. (Hendler Creamery) Steinacker , . . .2211 Annapolis Rd., 30
Donald E. (Parke, Davis & Co.) Steiner. . . ,3333 Spaulding Ave., 15
Gilbert C. (Delvale Dairies) Stout. . . .5228 Linden Heights Ave., 15

Thomas M. (Thomas & Thompson) Stuart . 3121 St. Paul St., 18

John A. (Eli Lilly Co.) Strevig . 3704 Elkader Rd., 18

John K. (Baltimore Salesbrook) Stumpf, Jr.

110 N. Symington Ave., 28

The M ARY L D PHARMACIST

204

R. Bruce (Noxzema Chem. Co.) Taylor . 1826 Devern Rd., 4

Ridgely B. (Personal Products) Taylor. .918-919 Mathieson Bldg., 2

George S. (Industrial Tape Corp.) Teass . 513 Locksley Rd., 4

Wallace E. (Mennen Co.) Travers

Apt. 4-A, 1308 Wildwood Parkway, 29

John W. (Advertising) Trost . 5810 Edmondson Ave., 28

Alfred L. (Associated Labs.) Tuvin . 2707 Roslyn Ave., 16

Bernard (National Pharmaceuticals) Ulman, Sr . 314 Light St., 2

Bernard (National Pharmaceuticals) Ulman, Jr.

Smith Ave., RED 6, Baltimore, 4, Md.

Walter W. (Calvert Drug Co.) Vogel . 611 Hopkins Aparts., 18

Fred A. (Parker Pen Co.) Vo.ight . 3715 Rexmere Rd., 15

Otto E. (Whittemore Bros.) Voisinet . 4405 Springdale Ave., 7

Sam J. (H. B. Gilpin Co.) Waddell. . .1324 E. Cold Spring Lane, 12
Sherburne B. (Eversharp Co.) Walker

350 Fifth Ave., New York, N.Y.

Richard H. (Eli Lilly Co.) Waterman . 613 Orpington Rd., 29

Harry (District Wholesale Drug Corp.) Weinberg

2602 Forest Park Ave., 15

M. Joseph (Drug Package) Weisinger . 3721 Oak Ave., 7

Harry (Muth Bros. & Co.) Weller . 23-25 S. Charles St., 1

George C. (Chas. Pfizer Co.) Weyprecht

3700 Peachtree Rd., N.E., Atlanta, 15, Ga.
Curtis L. (Penn Dairies) Whitehead

6224 Paschall Ave., Philadelphia, 42, Pa.

Morris (John Wyeth Bros. Co.) Wolfe . 302 S. Central Ave., 2

Otto F. (Industrial Tape Co.) Wolff . 206 Garden Ridge Rd., 28

J. Elmer (Chas. Pfizer Co.) Wolke . 1701 Waverly Way, 12

Medford C. (Eli Lilly Co.) Wood . 6112 Sefton Ave., 14

Bernard A. (Mallinckrodt Chem. Works) Wood, Jr.

3727 Bowling Rd., Richmond 23, Va.

R. O. (Upjohn Co.) Wooten . 2103 N. Charles St., 18

Richard W. (E. R. Squibb & Sons) Wotthlie . 4511 Groveland Ave., 15

Lawrence M. (A. H. Robbins Co.) Wright . 4402 Maine Ave., 7

Lealon B. (M. R. Thompson Co.) Wright . 710 N. Hilton St., 29

John A. (H. B. Gilpin Co.) Yeager . 310 S. Robinson St., 24

Raymond B. (Noxzema Chem. Co.) Yingling. . . .201 Hopkins Rd., 12
Delaney B. (Powers Paper Co.) Young . 3403 Hilton Rd, 15

Harry A. (F. A. Davis & Sons) Zears . 742 Edmondson Ave., 28

Norbert H. (Minnesota Mining Co.) Zeller. . . .1307 Kitmore Rd., 12

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST 20r,

INDEX

Addresses: Page

Presidential — Manuel B. Wagner . 41

Laib Shenkin . 66

William L. Arscott . 75

Dr. Samuel W. Goldstein . 84

Martin Simpson . 96

John A. McCartney . 109

Dr. Robert L. Swain . 121

John E. Donaldson . 123

Dr. Daniel Z. Gibson . 127

Articles of Incorporation . 139

Associate Members, List of . 196

Banquet . 126

Code of Ethics . 140

Committees, 1953-1954 . 136

Committee Reports:

Audit — ^Mathias Palmer, Chairman . 10

Civil Defense — Samuel I. Raichlen, Chairman . 39

Commercial Interests — Lester R. Martin, Chairman . 17

Deceased Members — Andrew J. Ludwig, Chairman . 21

Entertainment — Gordon A. Mouat, Chairman . . 7

Executive — William E. Waples, Chairman . 12

Fair Trade — Simon Solomon, Chairman . 29

Increase in A.Ph.A. Membership — George J. Stiffman, Chair. ..14,103

Interprofessional Relations — Stei^hen J. Provenza, Chairman . 14

Legislative — Frank Block, Chairman . 23

Membership — Hyman Davidov, Chairman . 7

National Pharmacy Week — Charles J. Neun, Chairman . 17

Nominations — Frank L. Black, Chairman . 103

Pharmacy — Otto W. Muehlhause, Chairman . 12

Publications — Harry S. Harrison, Chairman . 18

Public Relations — Lester R. Martin, Chairman . 36

Resolutions — Dr. Noel E. Foss, Chairman . 104

School of Pharmacy — Wilmer J. Heer, Chairman . 25

Study of Dru.g Store Experience — Max M. Zervitz, Chairman . 22

T. A M P.A. — Joseph Binko, Sr., Chai^-man . 35

U. S.P. and N.F. — Dr. Noel E. Foss, Chairman . 8

Vigilance — Alexander J. Ogrinz, Jr., Chairman . 37

Constitution and By-Laws . 142

Constitution and By-Laws, B.R.D'.A . 148

Constitution and By-Laws, Students’ Auxiliary . 155

Constitution and By-Laws, T.A.M.P.A . 152

Honorary Members, List of . 198

In Memoriam . 135

Life Members, List of . 198

Members of Association, List of . 188

Members of T.A.M.P.A., List of . 199

Officers of Association 1953-1954 . 3

Officers of T.A.M.P.A., 1953-1954 . 134

Officers of Association Since Organization . 185

Officers of T.A.M.P.A. Since Organization . 199

Registered Pharmacists, List of . 160

Registered Assistant Pharmacists, List of . 182

Report of:

Executive Secretary . 10

Maryland Board of Pharmacy . 52

Treasurer, Mar.vland Pharmaceutical Association .

206

The M ARY LAN D PHARMACIST

0<5t., 1963

STATEMENT REQUIRED BY THE ACT
OP AUGUST 24, 1912, AS AMENDED BY
THE ACTS OF MARCH 3, 1933, AND
JULY 2, 1946 (Title 39, United States
(Tode, Section 233) SHOWING THE OWN¬
ERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, AND CIRCU¬
LATION OF

MARYLAND PHARMACIST, published
monthly at Baltimore, Maryland, for Oc¬
tober 1, 1953.

1. The names and addresses of the pub¬
lisher, editor, managing editor, and busi¬
ness managers are:

Publisher: Maryland Pharmaceutical

Association, 650 W. Lombard Street,
Baltimore 1, Md.

Editor: Joseph Cohen, 650 W. Lombard
Street, Baltimore 1, Md.

Managing Editor: Joseph Cohen, 650 W.

Lombard Street, Baltimore 1, Md.
Business Manager: Joseph Cohen, 650 W.
Lombard Street, Baltimore 1, Md.

2. The owner is: Maryland Pharmaceu¬
tical Association, 650 W. Lombard
Street, Baltimore 1, Md.

3. The known bondholders, mortgagees
and other security holders owning or hold
ing 1 percent or more of total amount o:
bonds, mortgages, or other securities are
None.

4. Paragraphs 2 and 3 include, in cases
where the stockholder or security holdei
appears upon the books of the company as
trustee or in any other fiduciary relation
the name of the person or corporation foi
whom such trustee is acting; also th(
statements in the two paragraphs shoM
the affiant’s full knowledge and belief as
to the circumstances and conditions undei
which stockholders and security holders
who do not appear upon the books of the
company as trustees, hold stock and secur¬
ities in a capacity other than that of a
bona fide owner.

JOSEPH COHEN

Sworn to and subscribed before me this
17th day of September, 1953.

PRANK BLOCK

(My commission expires May 2, 1955)

MASTER SALESMAN

)ct., 1953 The M ARYL AND PHARMACIST 207

The HOWARD DRUG & MEDICINE COMPANY’S Display
at the Christmas Buyers’ Show held at the Emerson Hotel, September
21st, 22nd and 23rd.

The Howard Drug & Medicine Company made available the fol¬
lowing attractive free prizes of Knapp-Monarch merchandise — the
drawings being held each evening. The names of the winners are —

Gardner’s Pharmacy, 250 S. Washington St.

Electric Corn Popper

Mr. Dan Goodman, 3525 White Chapel Rd.

Hair Dryer

Fink’s Pharmacy, Martin Blvd. & Compass Drive
Vaporizer

Send for your copy of our Christmas Catalogue

THE HOWARD DRUG & MEDICINE CO.

101 Cheapside Baltimore 2, Maryland

Tell them yoa saw it in “The Maryland Pharmacist”

EThe'‘< h$<ivy prescription demond

•;;?Qbctlp^^i'koi>}ns^;:ls:sno:':ocddeoti‘Ppctors .

ur" pain relipf it provides^

,S.P./anidO,3C'm^{5^0r4^ria-dwirtobenzoKacid 1

ovoifolble’as^Po^lp^tfrSocjiupn^FreieJ^^^^^ .^{yrnSn^oke Js’

(5 9r,) i

|sodium
lis restricted

ct., 1953 The MARYLAND PHARMACIST 20<J

SCHOOL OF PHARMACY

of the

UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND

(Maryland College oi Pharmacy « 1841-1904)
Member

American Association
Colleges oi Pharmacy

COURSES OFFERED

For the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy — Four sessions of 32 weeks each.
A portion of the work of the last year is elective, which gives an opportunity
for specialization in manufacturing and hospital pharmacy, food and drug
analysis, biological assaying, pharmacognosy, etc.

For graduate work — Advanced courses in bacteriology, pharmacognosy, pharmacy,
pharmaceutical chemistry, pharm ecology, etc. are offered to students desiring
special training in these subjects.

Next Session — The fall semester of the next session begins September 14,
1953, at which time the next entering class will be admitted.

ENTRANCE . REQUIREMENTS

Graduation from an accredited four-year high school or the
equivalent in entrance examinations

For Catalog and Information^ Address

School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland
32 South Greene Street Baltimore 1, Maryland

Tell them you saw it in “The Maryland Pharmacist”

210

The M ARY LAN D PHARMACIST

NO ONE

EfOefi Out^ioivs the 7lee^

WESTERN

MARYLAND

DAIRY

❖

MU Iberry S-3800

Tell them you saw it in “The Maryland Pharmacist”

Oct., 1953

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

211

A man is known by the company he keeps.
By the same token, a company is known
by the men it keeps.

We of The Upjohn Company are proud
of every one of our hundreds of compe¬
tent representatives. But we are par-
tkularly proud of the exclusive group
pictured here: all of these men have been
"selling Upjohn’’ for at least a quarter of
a century!

These 61 men (most of whom are regis¬
tered pharmacists) represent a total of
1,154 years of experience in the service of
medicine and pharmacy. Yet each of them
still gets as much satisfaction from render¬
ing a genuine service to his physicians
and pharmacists as' he did on his first day
with Upjohn,

Upjohn

medicine. . .
produced with care,
designed for health

>ANY. KALAMAZOO. MICHH

Tell them you saw it in “The Maryland Pharmacist’

212

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Oct., 1953

THANK YOU

We appreciate your courtesy in visiting our Booth at the
Christman Buyer’s Gift Show

and

We extend our congratulations to the Baltimore Retail Druggists’
Association for their magnificent effort in conducting a successful
Show.

You are Cordially Invited
To inspect our Christman Show Room

We have on display
an array

of Christmas Gifts Galore
to suit every store.

Do not delay —

BUY NOW— DISPLAY NOW— SELL NOW

Get Your Share of the Xmas Dollar

Loewy Drug Company, Inc.

108 South Hanover Street
Baltimore 1, Md.

Tell them you saw it in “The Maryland Pharmacist’

21S

Oct., 1953 The M ARY LAN D PHARMACIST

JOHNSTON’S

CHOCOLATES FOR EVERY OCCASION

"IT’S A GIFT"

DISTRIBUTED BY

F. A. DAVIS & SONS, INC.

119-21 S. HOWARD ST.
BALTIMORE 1, MD.

YOVR CO-OPERATION APPRECIATED

I-

*•

I-

►

I-

►

I-

►

•-

►

I-

Tell them you saw it in "The Maryland Pharmacist’

have you stocked the new Pfizer

It’s your opportunity for increased
business and greater profits

Doctors in your area are now
being aggressively detailed
High frequency direct mail
is reaching every
prescribing physician
Striking journal advertisements
are telling the story to every
doctor in the country

It all adds up to nes\’ Rjc\s
and new profits for you.

Get in on the ground floor’—
this is only the beginning.

Order the complete line TODAY

here’s the initial group

i Synandrotabs*

I Synaintdrets*

! Synandrol*

Synandrol*-F

Methyl Testosterone, U.S.E, Tablets 10 mg. and 25 mg., bottles of
25 and 100

Testosterone, U.S.E, Transmucosal Tablets 10 mg., bottles of 25
and 100; 25 mg., bottles of 25

Testosterone Fropionate, U.S.E, in Sesame Oil 25 mg., 50 mg. and
100 mg. per cc.; in single-dose disposable ster^ject® cartridges
in packages of 10, and in 10 cc. multiple-dose vials in packages
of 5

Testosterone, U.S.E, in Aqueous Suspension 25 mg., 50 mg. and
100 mg. per cc.; in 10 cc. multiple-dose vials in packages of 5

DIOGYNETS*

Estradiol, U.S.E, Transmucosal Tablets 0.125 mg., 0.25 mg. and
1.0 mg.; bottles of 50 and 100

DIOG YN -E

Ethinyl Estradiol Tablets 0.02 mg. and 0.05 mg., bottles of 100;
0.5 mg., bottles of 25 and 100

DIOGYN*

Estradiol, U.S.E, in Aqueous Suspension 0.25 mg. and 1.0 mg. per
cc.; in single-dose disposable steraject cartridges in packages of
10,'and in 10 cc. multiple-dose vials in packages of 5

r)IOGYN*-B

Estradiol Benzoate, U.S.E, in Sesame Oil 0.33 mg. and 1.0 mg.
per cc. ; in 10 cc. multiple-dose vials in packages of 5

Estrone

Estrone, U.S.E, in Aqueous Suspension 2 mg. and 5 mg. per cc.;
in 10 cc. multiple-dose vials in packages of 5

Syngestrotabs*
Synge STRETS*
Synge STERONE*

In Sesame Oil

Synge STERONE*

N Aqeeoes Sr s pen si on

Etbisterone, U.S.E, Tablets 10 mg., 25 mg. and 50 mg.; bottles of
25

Frogesterone, U.S.E, Transmucosal Tablets 10 mg. and 20 mg.,
bottles of 25 and 100; 50 mg., bottles of 25

Frogesterone, U.S.E, in Sesame Oil 10 mg., 25 mg., 50 mg. and 100
mg. per cc.; in single-dose disposable steraject cartridges in
packages of 10, and in 10 cc. multiple-dose vials in packages of 5
Frogesterone, U.S.E, in Aqueous Suspension 25 mg. and 50 mg.
per cc.; in 10 cc. multiple-dose vials in packages of 5

COMBANDRIN*

COMBANDRETS*

Neodrol*

^Trademark

Estradiol Benzoate, U.S.E, 1 mg. per cc. and Testosterone Fro¬
pionate, U.S.E, 20 mg. per cc. in Sesame Oil. In single-dose dis¬
posable STERAJECT cartridges in packages of 10 and in 10 cc.
multiple-dose vials in packages of 5

Estradiol, U.S.E, 1 mg. and Testosterone, U.S.E, 10 mg. per Trans¬
mucosal Tablet ; bottles of 25 and 100

Stanolone in Aqueous Suspension 50 mg. per cc.; in 10 cc.
multiple-dose vials in packages of 5. The newest steroid for
tumor-suppression in selected cases and anabolic effect similar to
testosterone, but with less virilizing side effect.

2/6*

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

IT ADDS UP!

Oot., 1963 I

this Mighty Good ice cream
+ Mighty Good promotion

= EXTRA PROFITS FOR YOU

Tell them you saw it in “The Maryland Pharmacist’

Oct., 1953 The MARYLAIiD PHARMACIST

211

Topical Oinfment of

HydroCortm'’

^ ACETATE

(HYDROCORTISONE ACETATE, MERCK)

Creates New Prescription Opportunities

Topical Ointment of
HYDROCORTONE Acetate
duplicates no other
Rx item in your stock.

T opical Ointment of Hydro-
CORTONE Acetate (1% or
2.5%) improves allergic der¬
matoses considerably faster
than other forms of local
therapy. Marked decrease in
inflammation and pruritus
has been obtained without
systemic effects. Extensive
advertising and detailing
will make it profitable to
order immediately from
your wholesaler.

Stock the Complete Line

TOPICAL:

Topical Ointment of
HYDROCORTONE Acetate
1% and 2.5%

5-Gm. Tubes

Dental Ointment of
HYDROCORTONE Acetate
Each Gm. =25 mg.
5-Gm. Tubes

INTRA-ARTICULAR;

Saline Suspension of
HYDROCORTONE Acetate
Each cc. = 25 mg.

Vials of 5 cc.

ORAL:

HYDROCORTONE TABLETS
20 mg.

Bottles of 25 Tablets
5 mg.

Bottles of 50 Tablets

All HYDROCORTONE
tablets are oval-shaped
and carry this trade-mark:

HYDROCORTONE is the registered
trade-mark of Merck & Co., Inc.
for its brand of hydrocortisone,

MERCK & CO., Inc

Manufachtring Chemists

RAHWAY

NEW JERSEY

Tell them you saw it in “The Maryland Pharmacist’

Oct., 1953

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

HOST TO MOST

WHO VISIT BALTIMORE

A hotel doesn’t select its patrons
. . . they do the selecting! Young
and old, liberal and conservative,
the well-to-do and the budget-
watchers ... all must be pleased!
The fact that the Lord Baltimore
is definitely “Host to Most Who
Visit Baltimore” is an indication
that this great hotel has managed
to strike a happy medium . . .
is an indication that you will be
pleased!

LORD BALTIMORE

ZC^/iUHU

BALTIMORE, MARYLAND

Tell them you saw it in “The Maryland Pharmacist”

When time means money. . .

Ever think of how much time your wholesaler salesman saves you ?
Because he represents hundreds of lines, his regular calls literally
make it possible for you to do business with many, many manufac¬
turers and to select the merchandise that will sell best for you.

He is a local man, too — with headquarters near-by. So you don’t
waste time in long-distance transactions, or in waiting for mer¬
chandise shipments.

The time your wholesaler salesman saves you can be devoted to
.aggressive selling. And that means more money in the till.

The most trusted name in surgical dressings and baby products

S*****I**«**I********I**»**I*****I****************'

220 T he M ARY L AN D PHARMACIST Oct., 1953

❖

You Can't Do Business
From an Empty Wagon

The old peddler, once a mainstay of distribution, of bygone days
knew that important fact. His wagon creaked under the weight of
housewares as he started out on Monday and rattled home empty on
Saturday.

Knowing where to go and whom to sell at a profit is still funda¬
mental sales and credit principle.

Profits are made on goods sold and delivered.

Profits are made on merchandise purchased and consumed.
Profits are made on a confident approach to market.

Pinchpenny buying of a dozen when a gross is needed is wasteful
to th«

❖ and expensive to the manufacturer, distributor, and consumer alike.

Empty shelves create suspicion of fear. Full stocks of fresh mer¬
chandise stimulate confidence. Selectivity invites attention and action.

Inventories are dangerous when they are the result of wrong
selection or poor timing. But good management means sufficient stock
to meet the daily or seasonal needs.

Buy wisely, but confidently. Buy your known requirements and
benefit by established quantity discounts. Act as if you knew you
were going to be in business this year, next year, and the year after.

Stock and sell. Don't let the dust gather on empty shelves. You
can't make a profit without a sale.

CALVERT DRUG COMPANY

901 Curtain Avenue
Baltimore 18, Md.

Wholesale Cooperative Druggists
OWNED AND CONTROLLED BY INDEPENDENT RETAIL DRUGGISTS
INCORPORATED 1901

MEMBER OF THE

FEDERAL WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS ASSOCIATION.
OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA

INC.

Tell them xou saw it in ''The Maryland Pharmacist”

•I*

Oct., 1953 T he M ARY LAN D PH ARM ACl ST 221

i^^lf it’s for your Soda Fountain — we have it” §

TAFT,WARREN&TAFT,lnc.

Exclusive Distributors For §

i BLACKMAN'S FRUITS & SYRUPS I

America’s Finest” |

SODA FOUNTAINS & FOOD SERVICE EQUIPMENT |

122-124 SOUTH ST. BALTIMORE-2, MD. |

PLaia 2-6658, 2-6659, 2-2187 |

Your customers are hearing about

Pertussin

daily over WFBR. Make the most of
this advertising. Stock, display and sell
Pertussin !

Tell them you eaTr It In “The Maryland Pharmacist"

Abbott Laboratories • North Chicago, tliinois

Di^J

Oct., 1953

The M ARY LAN D PHARMACIST

223

WCAO NEWS f6l{ DRUGGISTS

PERTUSSIN

Trust this smart advertiser to use a good strong announcement sched¬
ule on WCAO to boost the sales of this fine product in the Baltimore
area! Be sure you always have an ample stock on hand lest you
reduce your chances to cash in on this good advertising. Order
from your wholesaler.

TRUSHAY

Bettie McCall and Lynn Carroll, known to tens of thousands of
by the manufacturers of this fine hand lotion to build bigger sales
Baltimoreans as "YOUR FRIENDLY NEIGHBORS" have been chosen
for it in Baltimore. Bettie's several-times-weekly selling stories will
stimulate your sales. Order from your wholesaler today.

STANBACK

Day-In, day-out, this efficacious headache remedy has strong selling
announcements on WCAO urging your customers to buy from you and
"Snap Back With Stanback." Always have it on hand. Order from
your wholesaler.

PARK & TIFORD COSMETICS

Park & Tilford has again chosen WCAO as the local radio station to
help build your sales of these famous cosmetics. Get plenty from
your wholesaler and display and push them!

DR PIERCE'^

GOLDEN MEDICAL DISCOVERY

This long established product will be more in demand than ever, now
that they have bought participations in Hugh Wanke's morning
"MUSICAL CLOCK" to help you sell more, and more, and morel
Order from your wholesaler today.

TO SELL
GOODS,
CHOOSE

CBS in
America’s
6th Market

BALTIMORE'S MOST LISTENED-TO RADIO STATION!

The M ARY LAIS D PHARMACIST

Oct., 1953

22Jt

How to

Score

those

exTRA poms

In a tight contest, in sports or business, it’s often the extras ^

that win the day. Take, for instance, the triple-threat program ^

of extra promotional help Sealtest fountain dealers get:

Q National advertising — the smash-hit Big Top television
circus and color pages in LIFE and the POST.

0 Compelling radio and newspaper advertising right in
your own area.

e For the payoff drive, sales-creating display materials and
inspired promotion ideas to create more fountain traffic
and bigger sales per customer.

Quarterback your store to greater fountain profits. Call your
SOUTHERN DAIRIES SEALTEST OFFICE today.

Tell them you saw it In "The Maryland Pharmacist’

63 million smokers can't be wrong.

Many smokers can remember when cigarettes

were usually bought by the handful. But today,
regardless of preference in taste or shape, mixture

or mouthpiece, few smokers would accept a cigarette packaged
without obvious protection for the contents. ^ y lo assure this some are
encased in paper with cellophane outer wrapping . . . others are
completely sealed by cardboard and foil. But whatever their choice of brand,
shape, or taste the smoker will purchase cigarettes packed only

in this modern manner, y y Pioneering as always in drugstore
distribution. Youngs offers a foil pack with similar protection to each
prophylactic which bears the Trojan name. The new Trojan

foil pack insures top quality prophylactics, made under the most
sanitary scientific conditions, impervious to dirt, insects, heat

or cold and other forms of deterioration. They are available in

units up to thirty-six in this convenient and modern
wrapping. >- y Concentrate on the sale of Trojans for the assurance of the
customer’s good will and the drugstore’s profit . . .

Their premium quality is sealed in.

Mr. Druggist... WHO manufactures
the prophylactics that YOU sell?

YOUNGS RUBBER CORPORATION

MERIE 1. YOUNGS,

PRESIDENT

226

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Oct., 1953

This

nationally known
brand . . .

increases

store traffic . . •

peps up
profits.

Produced and
distributed by

DELVALE DAIRIES, INC.,
2030 Harford Rd.
Baltimore 18, Md.

How can a drink be "dry”?
Why should a drink be "dry”?
Drink Pepsi and you'll know.

PEPSI-COLA BOTTLING CO. OF BALTIMORE AND ANNAPOLIS
Television every Friday, WAAM, Channel 13, 8:30 pm. "Pepsi-Cola Playhouse"

Tell them yon saw If In “The Maryland Pharmacist”

the most effective aDtibiotic for the
common hacteriaf infections of childhood

1 lOTYCIAf

(erythromycin, LILLY)

ETHYL CARBONATE, CRYSTALLINE

PEDIATRIC

In a new palate-pleasing liquid form . . .

Also available:

Tablets 'Ilotycin' Crystalline,
100 mg. In bottles of 36 and
100.

Tablets ‘Ilotycin,' Crystalline,
WO mg. In bottles of 24 and
100.

Approved • Junior Taste Panel

• Palatable; taste-tested and approved by the
junior taste panel.

• Minimal gastric irritation, nausea, and
diarrhea.

• Especially hard-hitting against streptococcus,
staphylococcus, and pneumococcus infections
— the most frequently encountered infections
in children.

• Very stable in dry form. Water is added to
the dry powder when it is dispensed; in this
form it is stable for two weeks even when
kept at room temperature.

HOW SUPPLIED:

In 60-cc. bottles which provide twelve teaspoonful
doses. Each teaspoonful (5 cc.) of 'Ilotycin,’ Ethyl
Carbonate, Crystalline, Pediatric, supplies 100 mg.
of 'Ilotycin’ as the ethyl carbonate.

For quick.) competent service.^
send your orders to us.

THE HENRY B. GILPIN COMPANY

BALTIMORE, MARYLAND

The M ARY L A IJ P H A R M A (' J P T

Oct., 1953

^^Every Line^^ The Best
of its Kind

Dr. West's Tooth Brushes
Davol Rubber Goods
Ace Hard Rubber Combs
Vulcanized Rubber Combs
Devilbiss Atomizers
General Electric Clocks
LaCross Manicure Implements
Jones Enamelware
Gillette, Gem Razors — Blades
Eaton High Grade Stationery
Eveready Flash Lights
Becton Dickinson Products
Du Pont Brushes and Combs
Kotex — Kleenex — Modess
Sheiks — Ramses
Trojans

MODERN DRUG STORE MERCHANDISE

Miller Drug Sundry Go.

105 W. REDWOOD STREET
Baltimore 1, Maryland

Compliments of

MARYLAND

INSTITUTE

WINE AND SPIRIT
DISTRIBUTORS,
INC.

McDowell, pyle & co., inc.

(Est. 1892)

Exclusive Distribufor of

“THE CANDY OF EXCELLENCE”

NOW nationally advertised to increase your sales.

SEE “Good Housekeeping’’ on December 12th and
“Saturday Evening Post’’ on December 19th

“STILL NO ADVANCE IN PRICES’’

LExington 9-4987. 9-4988, 9-4989
221-23 W. PRATT ST. BALTIMORE 1, MD.

Tell them yon saw it in “The Maryland Pharmacist”

Oct., 1953

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

229

SIMPLE ARITHMETIC TELLS
YOH IT’S A PROFIT MACHINE

mean the same thing.

Tell them you eaw it in “The Maryland Pharmacist’'

2S0

The M ARY L AH D PHARMACIST

Oct., 1953

Thomas & Thompson Co.

Baltimore & Light Sts.
Baltimore, Md.

ANNOUNCES THEIR

P. M. C. Astringent
Douche Powder

Now In Glass Containers
List

4 oz. RETAIL 50 cts.

16 oz. RETAIL 1.50

This preparation has met the de¬
mand of the profession for the
past sixty years.

ORDER FROM YOUR
JOBBER— NOW

Headquarters for

HOOVEN LETTERS
ROBOTYPED LETTERS
LYKA TYPED LETTERS
MONOCAST LETTERS
PRINTING

PHOTO-OFFSET PRINTING
MULTIGRAPHING
MIMEOGRAPHING
MAILING

call

Mulberry 5-3232, 33. 34
SAratoga 7-5172, 73

D. Stuart Webb

ADVERTISING SERVICES. INC.
306 N. GAY STREET
Baltimore 2, Maryland

BE RATIONAL ALWAYS SPECIFY “NATIONAL”

REMEMBER!

You Can Put Your
Confidence In

National Pharmaceuticals

34 YEARS OF EXPERIENCE ASSURES

NATIONAL PRODUCTS

To Be Of The HIGHEST QUALITY

Call Lou Rockman, FO. 7-6416 Bernie Ulman, VA. 3-9135

Howard Campbell JU. 7-9014

MUbefiry 4065

^nfliioonLpyflOfii(]CEomiiiFG.c^^

314 light street. BALTIMORE 2. M D.

i ’

f*X**X*4*^X**X**X**X*^X**X**X**X^X**X**X**X**X*^*X**X**X**X**X**X**2^X**X^X**X**X**X**X**X**X**X*^X**X**X**X**X**X**X**X**X*^X^^

Tell them yon saw it in "The Maryland Pharmacist”

[EiE=sc5raEa£=Eac3E=i6:a!caK=i£:aE=sc=seaE=cfLEiEanas3Eas=ic=iEicMa&ex^^

Oct., 1953

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

231

THE MOST COMPLETE PRESCRIPTION
STOCK IN TOWN. NEW SPECIALTY
ITEMS AVAILABLE AS SOON AS
RELEASED.

CALL

PLAZA 2-0480

FOR PROMPT SERVICE

MUTH BROTHERS & COMPANY

WHOLESALE DRUGS

One Hundred and Sixteen Years of Continued Service
5 PLaza 2-0480 Baltimore 3, Md.

Tell them yoa saw it in “The Maryland Pharmacist”

232

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Oot., 1963

WORLD'S FINEST SALTED NUTS

Fresh From Our

Sbou/bti KoMi

DEPARTMENT (R)

The leading drug store owners in your state will tell you the
Double Kay Nut Shop is producing more sales and profits than
any item in the drug store occupying similar space.

IF - you have a clean, first-class drug store, let us reserve

a Nut Shop for you.

THE KELLING NUT CO.

2800 W. Belmont Ave.

Chicago 18, Illinois

Nor

Noymii iM/

PEANUT BUTTER SANDWICHES AND COOKIES

Uilw^ iakfi, Ljuw ijicwtike ^

AUSTIN PACKING CO., INC. . . BALTIMORE 30, MD.

Tell them you saw it in “The Maryland Pharmacist”

Oct., 1953 The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

233

HAHN & HAHN

the home of

"Bee Stings"

324 West Saratoga Street
Baltimore, Md.

Mulberry 5-1949

DISTRICT

WHOLESALE DRUG CORP.

Is Now A Complete
Drug Wholesaler

WE DISTRIBUTE

LILLY, MERCK, PFIZER, AMES,
McNEIL, DAVIES - ROSE, BUR¬
ROUGHS - WELLCOME, ROBINS,
SEARLE, RIKER, SCHENLEY,
SMITH, KLINE & FRENCH

In Addition to Hundreds of Other Drui^
Manufacturers

SERVING WASHINGTON, D.C., MARY¬
LAND AND VIRGINIA FOR OVER A
QUARTER OF A CENTURY

District Wholesale Drug Corp.

SERVICE WHOLESALERS

52-0 -St. N. W.
Washington - 1 - D. C.

^‘Service Is Our Profession**

Dr. Pierce’s
Favorite Prescription

is being heard about by women all over Balti¬
more as they listen to ‘‘Morning in Mary¬
land.” They’ll be asking you for it ... so
be ready . . . stock up today !

Tell them you saw it in “The Maryland Pharmacist’

234 The MARYLAND PHARMACIST Oct., 1953

CHARMCRAFT offers

The Very Best Values in Greeting Cards

See our Charmcraft Christmas Boxed Assortments

Our Salesmen will gladly ?
show them to you, and at J
the same time many other §
items that are outstanding §
in appeal for the Christmas §
trade. $

Call VErnon 7-4213

The Bowers & Ottenheimer Co«

708 N. HOWARD STREET

BALTIMORE, MD.

Protecting your customers' health is your
duty. Sweetheart Sanitary Wrapped Drink¬
ing Straws afford' this necessary protec-
Mon and your customers will show their ap¬
preciation through increased patronizatlon.
No extra charge for your "Personalized"
advertising imprinted on wrappers.

If Your Wholesaler Can^t Supply You,
Write or Phone:

MARYLAND PAPER PRODUCTS COMPANY

1100 South Eutaw Street - - - - Baltimore, Md.

Fountain Customers Appreciate

Tell them you saw it in “The Maryland Phaxmacifit”

i for simpU

[ headach

I^FsetsTOW

AipMiwesii^ss

W °^orupsetstoinacb,
ffevL^tisebfBromo-

ible item!

f‘ '-i ctnci V(

'’^oma-Seitzer'

Double Appeal

to bring

Double Demand

for

tor

BROMO-SELTZER

New sales, new profits for
druggists, as famous headache remedy
invades field of upset stomach!

Biggest Ad Campaign in Bromo-Seltzer
History Behind Powerful ‘^Double Appeal**

^ Full pages in Life Magazine ^ Full color advertisements in Sunday comics
with 30,900,000 readers! across the nation with 40,201,000 readers!

^ 3 NBC Network Radio Shows weekly, reaching 10,015,000 listeners:

1. Judy Canova, 2. Barry Craig Show, starring 3. Red Skelton,

Thursday nights, William Gargan, Sunday nights. Tuesday nights.

^ TV Spots reaching 14,592,000 homes every week.

236

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Oct., 1953

FOR CHRISTMAS
CANDY PROFITS
FEATURE

ScHrafft)5

CHOCOLATES

Beautifully decorated for Christmas
giving, they assure you a full profit
and a satisfied customer on every
sale! Schrafft’s Chocolates are ad¬
vertised regularly in the Saturday
Evening Post. Put this publicity to
work for you!

ALLEN, SON & CO., INC.

14 E. Lombard St., Baltimore

Phone SAratoga 7-3083

*7/te ^unAj044<^ Qa.

Manufacturers of the finest quality Pharniaceuticals,
Announces its 90th year

of continuous service to the profession of Pharmacy.

•

We take this anniversary occasion
to thank the Pharmacists of Maryland
for their friendly patronage through the years.

THE BURROUGH BROS. MANUFACTURING CO.

QUALITY PHARMACEUTICALS SINCE 1863

123 Market Place Baltimore 2, Maryland

This eye-catching window display is sup¬
plied with Schrafft’s Santa Claus Assort¬
ment of Packages. Ask us about it !

Visiributars

Oct., 1953

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

231

No Display Is Complete Without

America's Top Line Cigars
EL PRODUCTO

A Favorite With Men Everywhere
Eight Convenient Shapes and Sizes

King Edward

Two Popular Shapes

Invincible

Cigarello

ATTRACTIVELY WRAPPED FOR CHRISTMAS

Backed By Constant Advertising

DISPLAY 'EM— SELL 'EM

DISTRIBUTORS

Daniel Loughran Co., Inc.

Baltimore - Washington - Hagerstown

Tell them yon saw it in “The Maryland Pharmacist’

238

The MARYLAND PHARMACIST

Oct., 1953

»*«*2»»****«*2»*^2*

WHOLESALE
PHOTO FINISHIHG

AND SUPPLIES!

Dine

In Comfort

^ Featuring the smart new
FOLIO FOLDER exclusively!

★ One day service!

Complete line of Eastman
Kodak supplies!

We are not your competitor —
we do not operate a retail store!

YOU CAN DEVELOPE
MORE BUSINESS WITH

GILT EDGE

PHOTO SERVICE INC.
1412 Aisquith Sf.
SAratoga 7-7570

Whether Your Choice is
Luscious Lobster or Succulent Steak

Your Choice Should Be

Nate's and Leon's

Pimlico Hotel Restaurant

5301 Park Heights Avenue

MOhawk 4-8015

Special attention to luncheon and
dinner group requirements

♦j**j*.j»«j.*j»*5**j..j*.j*.j**j»*5**j**j**j**5**j**5»*5**5**5**2**j»*.*****t*‘

Tell them you saw it in “The Maryland Pharmacist’

me buys more

from these merehaiMlisers

Speedy seM'-selection means bigger
profits for busy druggists. Customers rjre
pre-aold on famous Miles products through powers
fui, national advertising. These displays let
customers help themselv^— and help
you to ring up exti'a salesl

MllES LABORATORIES, INC., ELKHART. INDIANA
" 1t«S'R«T^ asupoisr FIJrjWORS.'hiAN 1|A«S ' ' ' '

This handy self-server
does double duty. It displays
ALKA-SELT2ER on one side, and saves you
time by dispensing Scotch Tape to seal
packages conveniently and quickly. Starts
you off with 2,592 inches of tape. This
effective double-purpose ALKA-SELTZER
Scotch Tape Self-Server is available . . .
ask your Miles Salesman
how to get it.

ASSORTMENT No. 2867

CONTAINS: 8 Large,
6 Medium, and 3 Small. Your
profit is $18.26 on a
$23.88 investment when you
sell at Fair Trade Prices!

$18.26 PROFIT

ONE 111 DAY

MULTIPLE VITAMINS

Reg. U. S. Pat. Off.

Alka-Seltzer

BRAND Reg.U. S. Pal, Off.

SCOTCH TAPE DISPENSER

ASSORTMENT No. 1700

CONTAINS: 3 Large, 6 Medium,
and 3 Small. Your profit is $10.83 on
a $14.66 Investment when you sell at

Udmi

ASSORTMENT No. 307

CONTAINS; 4-6 oz. ond 6-1 ’A oz.
luui profit is $1.94 on a $2.56 Invest¬
ment when you sell at Fair Trode Prices!

43.1% PROFIT

Fair Trade Prices!

43.3% PROFIT

(Profits quoted above are based on $100 order of Miles products.)

9\.

If it’s Borden’s Ice Cream,
it’s GOT to be good

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